PMC:7326463 / 3296-5030 JSONTXT

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    LitCovid-PD-MONDO

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":721,"end":724},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":752,"end":755},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":851,"end":854},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A36","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T36","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003036"},{"id":"A37","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T36","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006860"},{"id":"A38","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T38","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003036"},{"id":"A39","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T38","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006860"},{"id":"A40","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T40","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003036"},{"id":"A41","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T40","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006860"}],"text":"Considering the very serious condition of the patient, and despite the fact that voriconazole is suggested as first-line treatment (alone or in combination) [3], caspofungin was added, assuming a potential synergistic effect with liposomal amphotericin B [4,5]. To test this hypothesis in vitro, we used the checkerboard method to assess combinations of amphotericin B and caspofungin. The MIC of each drug alone and the combinations of the two were determined concomitantly on the same plate using a method adapted from the EUCAST procedure. Interaction was determined by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) as follows: FICI = (MIC amphotericin B in combination/MIC amphotericin B alone) + (MEC caspofungin in combination/MEC caspofungin alone). Results showed no activity for caspofungin either alone or in combination (MEC \u003e 32 mg/L). The MIC value for amphotericin B was 1 mg/L either alone or in combination. The FICI value was equal to 2, which is indicative of indifference. Moreover, as the patient's condition was beginning to improve, caspofungin was stopped on day 29. Three other BALs performed on day 15, day 22 and day 27 still grew with Fusarium proliferatum. Importantly, we noticed a gradual increase in the delay of culture positivity and a decrease in the number of colonies obtained. Galactomannan testing became negative, all of which indicated a reduction of the fungal load. The BALs performed on day 15 and day 27 also grew with a significant amount of bacteria, which led to specific antibiotic treatment. The patient's general condition slowly improved. He was extubated on day 30 then discharged to a post-ICU area. Liposomal amphotericin B administration was stopped on day 35."}

    LitCovid-PD-CLO

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":194,"end":195},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":253,"end":254},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":265,"end":269},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":367,"end":368},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":499,"end":500},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":675,"end":676},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":709,"end":710},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":794,"end":802},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":898,"end":899},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":1151,"end":1153},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1162,"end":1164},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":1228,"end":1229},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":1286,"end":1287},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":1347,"end":1354},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":1395,"end":1396},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":1464,"end":1466},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":1482,"end":1483},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":1506,"end":1514},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":1655,"end":1656},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":1695,"end":1696},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":1731,"end":1733},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001000"}],"text":"Considering the very serious condition of the patient, and despite the fact that voriconazole is suggested as first-line treatment (alone or in combination) [3], caspofungin was added, assuming a potential synergistic effect with liposomal amphotericin B [4,5]. To test this hypothesis in vitro, we used the checkerboard method to assess combinations of amphotericin B and caspofungin. The MIC of each drug alone and the combinations of the two were determined concomitantly on the same plate using a method adapted from the EUCAST procedure. Interaction was determined by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) as follows: FICI = (MIC amphotericin B in combination/MIC amphotericin B alone) + (MEC caspofungin in combination/MEC caspofungin alone). Results showed no activity for caspofungin either alone or in combination (MEC \u003e 32 mg/L). The MIC value for amphotericin B was 1 mg/L either alone or in combination. The FICI value was equal to 2, which is indicative of indifference. Moreover, as the patient's condition was beginning to improve, caspofungin was stopped on day 29. Three other BALs performed on day 15, day 22 and day 27 still grew with Fusarium proliferatum. Importantly, we noticed a gradual increase in the delay of culture positivity and a decrease in the number of colonies obtained. Galactomannan testing became negative, all of which indicated a reduction of the fungal load. The BALs performed on day 15 and day 27 also grew with a significant amount of bacteria, which led to specific antibiotic treatment. The patient's general condition slowly improved. He was extubated on day 30 then discharged to a post-ICU area. Liposomal amphotericin B administration was stopped on day 35."}

    LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":81,"end":93},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":162,"end":173},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":240,"end":254},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":354,"end":368},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":373,"end":384},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":390,"end":393},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":402,"end":406},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":658,"end":661},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":662,"end":676},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":692,"end":695},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":696,"end":710},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":725,"end":736},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":756,"end":767},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":807,"end":818},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":871,"end":874},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":885,"end":899},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":1074,"end":1085},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1538,"end":1548},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":1682,"end":1696},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A17","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10023"},{"id":"A18","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T18","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_474180"},{"id":"A19","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T19","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2682"},{"id":"A20","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T20","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2682"},{"id":"A21","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T21","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_474180"},{"id":"A22","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59059"},{"id":"A23","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888"},{"id":"A24","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59059"},{"id":"A25","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2682"},{"id":"A26","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59059"},{"id":"A27","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2682"},{"id":"A28","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T28","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_474180"},{"id":"A29","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T29","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_474180"},{"id":"A30","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T30","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_474180"},{"id":"A31","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T31","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59059"},{"id":"A32","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T32","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2682"},{"id":"A33","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T33","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_474180"},{"id":"A34","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T34","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33281"},{"id":"A35","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T35","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2682"}],"text":"Considering the very serious condition of the patient, and despite the fact that voriconazole is suggested as first-line treatment (alone or in combination) [3], caspofungin was added, assuming a potential synergistic effect with liposomal amphotericin B [4,5]. To test this hypothesis in vitro, we used the checkerboard method to assess combinations of amphotericin B and caspofungin. The MIC of each drug alone and the combinations of the two were determined concomitantly on the same plate using a method adapted from the EUCAST procedure. Interaction was determined by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) as follows: FICI = (MIC amphotericin B in combination/MIC amphotericin B alone) + (MEC caspofungin in combination/MEC caspofungin alone). Results showed no activity for caspofungin either alone or in combination (MEC \u003e 32 mg/L). The MIC value for amphotericin B was 1 mg/L either alone or in combination. The FICI value was equal to 2, which is indicative of indifference. Moreover, as the patient's condition was beginning to improve, caspofungin was stopped on day 29. Three other BALs performed on day 15, day 22 and day 27 still grew with Fusarium proliferatum. Importantly, we noticed a gradual increase in the delay of culture positivity and a decrease in the number of colonies obtained. Galactomannan testing became negative, all of which indicated a reduction of the fungal load. The BALs performed on day 15 and day 27 also grew with a significant amount of bacteria, which led to specific antibiotic treatment. The patient's general condition slowly improved. He was extubated on day 30 then discharged to a post-ICU area. Liposomal amphotericin B administration was stopped on day 35."}

    LitCovid-PD-GlycoEpitope

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-GlycoEpitope","denotations":[{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1333,"end":1346},"obj":"GlycoEpitope"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A3","pred":"glyco_epitope_db_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0510"}],"text":"Considering the very serious condition of the patient, and despite the fact that voriconazole is suggested as first-line treatment (alone or in combination) [3], caspofungin was added, assuming a potential synergistic effect with liposomal amphotericin B [4,5]. To test this hypothesis in vitro, we used the checkerboard method to assess combinations of amphotericin B and caspofungin. The MIC of each drug alone and the combinations of the two were determined concomitantly on the same plate using a method adapted from the EUCAST procedure. Interaction was determined by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) as follows: FICI = (MIC amphotericin B in combination/MIC amphotericin B alone) + (MEC caspofungin in combination/MEC caspofungin alone). Results showed no activity for caspofungin either alone or in combination (MEC \u003e 32 mg/L). The MIC value for amphotericin B was 1 mg/L either alone or in combination. The FICI value was equal to 2, which is indicative of indifference. Moreover, as the patient's condition was beginning to improve, caspofungin was stopped on day 29. Three other BALs performed on day 15, day 22 and day 27 still grew with Fusarium proliferatum. Importantly, we noticed a gradual increase in the delay of culture positivity and a decrease in the number of colonies obtained. Galactomannan testing became negative, all of which indicated a reduction of the fungal load. The BALs performed on day 15 and day 27 also grew with a significant amount of bacteria, which led to specific antibiotic treatment. The patient's general condition slowly improved. He was extubated on day 30 then discharged to a post-ICU area. Liposomal amphotericin B administration was stopped on day 35."}

    LitCovid-PubTator

    {"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"143","span":{"begin":752,"end":755},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"144","span":{"begin":721,"end":724},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"145","span":{"begin":851,"end":854},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"146","span":{"begin":46,"end":53},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"147","span":{"begin":1028,"end":1035},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"148","span":{"begin":1181,"end":1202},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"149","span":{"begin":1564,"end":1571},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"150","span":{"begin":81,"end":93},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"151","span":{"begin":162,"end":173},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"152","span":{"begin":240,"end":254},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"153","span":{"begin":354,"end":368},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"154","span":{"begin":373,"end":384},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"155","span":{"begin":662,"end":676},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"156","span":{"begin":696,"end":710},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"157","span":{"begin":725,"end":736},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"158","span":{"begin":756,"end":767},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"159","span":{"begin":807,"end":818},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"160","span":{"begin":885,"end":899},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"161","span":{"begin":1074,"end":1085},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"162","span":{"begin":1333,"end":1346},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"163","span":{"begin":1682,"end":1696},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A143","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"143","obj":"Gene:56477"},{"id":"A144","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"144","obj":"Gene:56477"},{"id":"A145","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"145","obj":"Gene:56477"},{"id":"A146","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"146","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A147","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"147","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A148","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"148","obj":"Tax:948311"},{"id":"A149","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"149","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A150","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"150","obj":"MESH:D065819"},{"id":"A151","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"151","obj":"MESH:D000077336"},{"id":"A152","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"152","obj":"MESH:D000666"},{"id":"A153","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"153","obj":"MESH:D000666"},{"id":"A154","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"154","obj":"MESH:D000077336"},{"id":"A155","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"155","obj":"MESH:D000666"},{"id":"A156","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"156","obj":"MESH:D000666"},{"id":"A157","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"157","obj":"MESH:D000077336"},{"id":"A158","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"158","obj":"MESH:D000077336"},{"id":"A159","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"159","obj":"MESH:D000077336"},{"id":"A160","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"160","obj":"MESH:D000666"},{"id":"A161","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"161","obj":"MESH:D000077336"},{"id":"A162","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"162","obj":"MESH:C012990"},{"id":"A163","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"163","obj":"MESH:D000666"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"Considering the very serious condition of the patient, and despite the fact that voriconazole is suggested as first-line treatment (alone or in combination) [3], caspofungin was added, assuming a potential synergistic effect with liposomal amphotericin B [4,5]. To test this hypothesis in vitro, we used the checkerboard method to assess combinations of amphotericin B and caspofungin. The MIC of each drug alone and the combinations of the two were determined concomitantly on the same plate using a method adapted from the EUCAST procedure. Interaction was determined by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) as follows: FICI = (MIC amphotericin B in combination/MIC amphotericin B alone) + (MEC caspofungin in combination/MEC caspofungin alone). Results showed no activity for caspofungin either alone or in combination (MEC \u003e 32 mg/L). The MIC value for amphotericin B was 1 mg/L either alone or in combination. The FICI value was equal to 2, which is indicative of indifference. Moreover, as the patient's condition was beginning to improve, caspofungin was stopped on day 29. Three other BALs performed on day 15, day 22 and day 27 still grew with Fusarium proliferatum. Importantly, we noticed a gradual increase in the delay of culture positivity and a decrease in the number of colonies obtained. Galactomannan testing became negative, all of which indicated a reduction of the fungal load. The BALs performed on day 15 and day 27 also grew with a significant amount of bacteria, which led to specific antibiotic treatment. The patient's general condition slowly improved. He was extubated on day 30 then discharged to a post-ICU area. Liposomal amphotericin B administration was stopped on day 35."}

    LitCovid-sentences

    {"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":0,"end":261},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":262,"end":385},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":386,"end":542},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":543,"end":775},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":776,"end":866},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":867,"end":942},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":943,"end":1010},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1011,"end":1108},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1203},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":1204,"end":1332},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":1333,"end":1426},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":1427,"end":1559},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":1560,"end":1608},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":1609,"end":1671},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":1672,"end":1734},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Considering the very serious condition of the patient, and despite the fact that voriconazole is suggested as first-line treatment (alone or in combination) [3], caspofungin was added, assuming a potential synergistic effect with liposomal amphotericin B [4,5]. To test this hypothesis in vitro, we used the checkerboard method to assess combinations of amphotericin B and caspofungin. The MIC of each drug alone and the combinations of the two were determined concomitantly on the same plate using a method adapted from the EUCAST procedure. Interaction was determined by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) as follows: FICI = (MIC amphotericin B in combination/MIC amphotericin B alone) + (MEC caspofungin in combination/MEC caspofungin alone). Results showed no activity for caspofungin either alone or in combination (MEC \u003e 32 mg/L). The MIC value for amphotericin B was 1 mg/L either alone or in combination. The FICI value was equal to 2, which is indicative of indifference. Moreover, as the patient's condition was beginning to improve, caspofungin was stopped on day 29. Three other BALs performed on day 15, day 22 and day 27 still grew with Fusarium proliferatum. Importantly, we noticed a gradual increase in the delay of culture positivity and a decrease in the number of colonies obtained. Galactomannan testing became negative, all of which indicated a reduction of the fungal load. The BALs performed on day 15 and day 27 also grew with a significant amount of bacteria, which led to specific antibiotic treatment. The patient's general condition slowly improved. He was extubated on day 30 then discharged to a post-ICU area. Liposomal amphotericin B administration was stopped on day 35."}

    LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB

    {"project":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB","denotations":[{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":81,"end":93},"obj":"CHEBI:10023;CHEBI:10023"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":240,"end":254},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":354,"end":368},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":402,"end":406},"obj":"CHEBI:23888;CHEBI:23888"},{"id":"T61","span":{"begin":662,"end":676},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T62","span":{"begin":696,"end":710},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T63","span":{"begin":885,"end":899},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T64","span":{"begin":1171,"end":1175},"obj":"GO:0040007"},{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":1181,"end":1202},"obj":"NCBITaxon:948311"},{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":1333,"end":1346},"obj":"CHEBI:27680;CHEBI:27680"},{"id":"T67","span":{"begin":1472,"end":1476},"obj":"GO:0040007"},{"id":"T68","span":{"begin":1506,"end":1514},"obj":"NCBITaxon:2"},{"id":"T69","span":{"begin":1538,"end":1548},"obj":"CHEBI:33282;CHEBI:33282"},{"id":"T70","span":{"begin":1672,"end":1681},"obj":"GO:0005764"},{"id":"T71","span":{"begin":1682,"end":1696},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T971","span":{"begin":81,"end":93},"obj":"CHEBI:10023;CHEBI:10023"},{"id":"T98852","span":{"begin":240,"end":254},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T82144","span":{"begin":354,"end":368},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T89447","span":{"begin":402,"end":406},"obj":"CHEBI:23888;CHEBI:23888"},{"id":"T33586","span":{"begin":662,"end":676},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T76702","span":{"begin":696,"end":710},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T42104","span":{"begin":885,"end":899},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"},{"id":"T33396","span":{"begin":1171,"end":1175},"obj":"GO:0040007"},{"id":"T78053","span":{"begin":1181,"end":1202},"obj":"NCBITaxon:948311"},{"id":"T89176","span":{"begin":1333,"end":1346},"obj":"CHEBI:27680;CHEBI:27680"},{"id":"T7633","span":{"begin":1472,"end":1476},"obj":"GO:0040007"},{"id":"T99376","span":{"begin":1506,"end":1514},"obj":"NCBITaxon:2"},{"id":"T48876","span":{"begin":1538,"end":1548},"obj":"CHEBI:33282;CHEBI:33282"},{"id":"T84617","span":{"begin":1672,"end":1681},"obj":"GO:0005764"},{"id":"T4681","span":{"begin":1682,"end":1696},"obj":"CHEBI:2682;CHEBI:2682"}],"text":"Considering the very serious condition of the patient, and despite the fact that voriconazole is suggested as first-line treatment (alone or in combination) [3], caspofungin was added, assuming a potential synergistic effect with liposomal amphotericin B [4,5]. To test this hypothesis in vitro, we used the checkerboard method to assess combinations of amphotericin B and caspofungin. The MIC of each drug alone and the combinations of the two were determined concomitantly on the same plate using a method adapted from the EUCAST procedure. Interaction was determined by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) as follows: FICI = (MIC amphotericin B in combination/MIC amphotericin B alone) + (MEC caspofungin in combination/MEC caspofungin alone). Results showed no activity for caspofungin either alone or in combination (MEC \u003e 32 mg/L). The MIC value for amphotericin B was 1 mg/L either alone or in combination. The FICI value was equal to 2, which is indicative of indifference. Moreover, as the patient's condition was beginning to improve, caspofungin was stopped on day 29. Three other BALs performed on day 15, day 22 and day 27 still grew with Fusarium proliferatum. Importantly, we noticed a gradual increase in the delay of culture positivity and a decrease in the number of colonies obtained. Galactomannan testing became negative, all of which indicated a reduction of the fungal load. The BALs performed on day 15 and day 27 also grew with a significant amount of bacteria, which led to specific antibiotic treatment. The patient's general condition slowly improved. He was extubated on day 30 then discharged to a post-ICU area. Liposomal amphotericin B administration was stopped on day 35."}