PMC:7299399 / 85773-87292 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7299399","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7299399","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7299399","text":"When the kidneys fail, hemodialysis offers a life-sustaining therapy to prevent the buildup of uremic toxins that would otherwise result in death.234 To perform hemodialysis, the patient’s blood is passed through a filtration circuit that contains a semipermeable membrane (“dialyzer”). On the other side of the membrane, a balanced fluid (“dialysate”) travels in the opposite direction to the patient’s blood, dragging toxins and excess electrolytes across the membrane from blood into dialysate across their concentration gradients. The filtered blood is returned to the patient and the dialysate, once it passes through the filter, is discarded. Novel efficient sorbents for uremic toxins are critically needed to improve the efficiency of current technology, as well as to enable the development of wearable and portable dialysis technologies that could be critical to the care of COVID-19 patients. MXenes can regenerate dialysate by removing toxins that build up in the setting of kidney failure. Preliminary research demonstrates that Ti3C2 MXene is biocompatible and selectively adsorbs urea, a uremic toxin that is otherwise difficult to eliminate from dialysate, due to the presence of narrow slit pores between the negatively charged MXene sheets.235 Thus, MXenes may be able to address key limitations of current ambulatory dialysis systems by offering efficient urea adsorption, small size, and light weight.235 Experts have posited that MXenes might be a key technology in revolutionizing RRT 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