PMC:7205724 / 4098-5309 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"140","span":{"begin":663,"end":666},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"141","span":{"begin":470,"end":475},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"142","span":{"begin":226,"end":231},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"143","span":{"begin":581,"end":582},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"144","span":{"begin":528,"end":529},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"145","span":{"begin":200,"end":201},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"146","span":{"begin":189,"end":199},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"147","span":{"begin":262,"end":267},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"148","span":{"begin":268,"end":278},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"149","span":{"begin":298,"end":303},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"150","span":{"begin":304,"end":312},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"151","span":{"begin":328,"end":332},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"152","span":{"begin":357,"end":360},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"153","span":{"begin":517,"end":527},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"154","span":{"begin":570,"end":580},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"155","span":{"begin":657,"end":662},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"156","span":{"begin":693,"end":702},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"157","span":{"begin":600,"end":606},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"165","span":{"begin":1064,"end":1069},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"166","span":{"begin":832,"end":838},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"167","span":{"begin":930,"end":956},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"168","span":{"begin":958,"end":964},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"169","span":{"begin":1050,"end":1056},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"170","span":{"begin":1156,"end":1163},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"171","span":{"begin":1201,"end":1210},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A140","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"140","obj":"Gene:1636"},{"id":"A141","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"141","obj":"Gene:5045"},{"id":"A142","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"142","obj":"Gene:5045"},{"id":"A143","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"143","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A144","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"144","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A145","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"145","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A146","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"146","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A147","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"147","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A148","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"148","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A149","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"149","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A150","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"150","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A151","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"151","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A152","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"152","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A153","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"153","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A154","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"154","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A155","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"155","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A156","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"156","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A157","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"157","obj":"CVCL:0574"},{"id":"A165","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"165","obj":"Gene:5045"},{"id":"A166","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"166","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A167","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"167","obj":"Tax:622416"},{"id":"A168","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"168","obj":"Tax:622416"},{"id":"A169","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"169","obj":"Tax:622416"},{"id":"A170","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"170","obj":"Tax:9031"},{"id":"A171","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"171","obj":"MESH:D007239"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":110,"end":121},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":126,"end":137},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":607,"end":612},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":638,"end":643},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1007,"end":1014},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1132,"end":1136},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A22","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739"},{"id":"A23","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82740"},{"id":"A24","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A25","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A26","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A27","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":189,"end":197},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":268,"end":276},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":304,"end":312},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":318,"end":322},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":347,"end":351},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":517,"end":525},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":570,"end":578},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":693,"end":697},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":1201,"end":1210},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A33","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T33","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A34","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T34","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A35","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T35","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A36","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T36","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A37","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T37","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A38","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T38","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A39","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T39","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A40","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T40","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A41","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T41","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":75,"end":76},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":163,"end":165},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050050"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":170,"end":172},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008922"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":170,"end":172},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050052"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":214,"end":215},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":262,"end":267},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":298,"end":303},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":314,"end":317},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":495,"end":497},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050050"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":498,"end":500},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008922"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":498,"end":500},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050052"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":600,"end":612},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051719"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":638,"end":643},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":657,"end":662},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":743,"end":745},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050050"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":746,"end":748},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008922"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":746,"end":748},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050052"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":759,"end":760},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":794,"end":795},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":796,"end":801},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":832,"end":838},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1118},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000228"},{"id":"T61","span":{"begin":1132,"end":1136},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T62","span":{"begin":1156,"end":1163},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9031"},{"id":"T63","span":{"begin":1179,"end":1184},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":110,"end":121},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":110,"end":115},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":116,"end":121},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":126,"end":137},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":170,"end":172},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":498,"end":500},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":746,"end":748},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1007,"end":1014},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A23","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709"},{"id":"A24","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882"},{"id":"A25","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527"},{"id":"A26","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976"},{"id":"A27","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29387"},{"id":"A28","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T28","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29387"},{"id":"A29","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T29","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29387"},{"id":"A30","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T30","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-MedDRA","denotations":[{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":663,"end":666},"obj":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1137,"end":1145},"obj":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A4","pred":"meddra_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10050289"},{"id":"A5","pred":"meddra_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10061447"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-IDO","denotations":[{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":26,"end":30},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000029"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":241,"end":245},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000029"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":485,"end":489},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000029"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":607,"end":612},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":638,"end":643},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":780,"end":784},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000029"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":796,"end":801},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":817,"end":827},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000450"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":855,"end":865},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000450"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":1024,"end":1028},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000029"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":1093,"end":1104},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000608"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":1132,"end":1136},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":1179,"end":1184},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":1201,"end":1210},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000586"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":110,"end":121},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":126,"end":137},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1007,"end":1014},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A15","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709"},{"id":"A16","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976"},{"id":"A17","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-NCBITaxon","denotations":[{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":189,"end":199},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":262,"end":276},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":298,"end":312},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":314,"end":332},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":338,"end":346},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":347,"end":360},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":517,"end":527},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":570,"end":580},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":657,"end":662},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":693,"end":702},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":832,"end":838},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":930,"end":956},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":958,"end":964},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":1050,"end":1056},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":1156,"end":1163},"obj":"Species"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A48","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T48","obj":"NCBItxid:2560317"},{"id":"A38","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T38","obj":"NCBItxid:694009"},{"id":"A39","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T39","obj":"NCBItxid:1508227"},{"id":"A47","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T47","obj":"NCBItxid:9605"},{"id":"A45","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T45","obj":"NCBItxid:9606"},{"id":"A36","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T36","obj":"NCBItxid:2697049"},{"id":"A44","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T44","obj":"NCBItxid:2697049"},{"id":"A40","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T40","obj":"NCBItxid:9972"},{"id":"A41","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T40","obj":"NCBItxid:9971"},{"id":"A49","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T49","obj":"NCBItxid:2560317"},{"id":"A51","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T51","obj":"NCBItxid:9031"},{"id":"A50","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T50","obj":"NCBItxid:2560317"},{"id":"A37","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T37","obj":"NCBItxid:694009"},{"id":"A42","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T42","obj":"NCBItxid:694009"},{"id":"A43","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T43","obj":"NCBItxid:2697049"},{"id":"A46","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T46","obj":"NCBItxid:2697049"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"NCBItxid","uri":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NCBITAXON/"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":0,"end":30},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":31,"end":202},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":203,"end":405},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":406,"end":556},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":557,"end":667},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":668,"end":758},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":759,"end":884},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":885,"end":1033},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":1034,"end":1146},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":1147,"end":1211},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-Pubtator","denotations":[{"id":"165","span":{"begin":1064,"end":1069},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"170","span":{"begin":1156,"end":1163},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"171","span":{"begin":1201,"end":1210},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"146","span":{"begin":189,"end":199},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"145","span":{"begin":200,"end":201},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"142","span":{"begin":226,"end":231},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"147","span":{"begin":262,"end":267},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"148","span":{"begin":268,"end":278},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"149","span":{"begin":298,"end":303},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"150","span":{"begin":304,"end":312},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"151","span":{"begin":328,"end":332},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"152","span":{"begin":357,"end":360},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"141","span":{"begin":470,"end":475},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"153","span":{"begin":517,"end":527},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"144","span":{"begin":528,"end":529},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"154","span":{"begin":570,"end":580},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"143","span":{"begin":581,"end":582},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"157","span":{"begin":600,"end":606},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"155","span":{"begin":657,"end":662},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"140","span":{"begin":663,"end":666},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"156","span":{"begin":693,"end":702},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"166","span":{"begin":832,"end":838},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"167","span":{"begin":930,"end":956},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"168","span":{"begin":958,"end":964},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"169","span":{"begin":1050,"end":1056},"obj":"Species"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A170","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"170","obj":"Tax:9031"},{"id":"A156","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"156","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A171","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"171","obj":"MESH:D007239"},{"id":"A153","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"153","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A168","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"168","obj":"Tax:622416"},{"id":"A142","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"142","obj":"Gene:5045"},{"id":"A169","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"169","obj":"Tax:622416"},{"id":"A147","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"147","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A144","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"144","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A149","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"149","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A167","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"167","obj":"Tax:622416"},{"id":"A165","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"165","obj":"Gene:5045"},{"id":"A152","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"152","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A157","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"157","obj":"CVCL:0574"},{"id":"A166","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"166","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A140","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"140","obj":"Gene:1636"},{"id":"A141","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"141","obj":"Gene:5045"},{"id":"A155","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"155","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A151","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"151","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A154","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"154","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A143","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"143","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A145","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"145","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A150","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"150","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A148","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"148","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A146","pred":"pubann:denotes","subj":"146","obj":"Tax:2697049"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-UniProt","denotations":[{"id":"T534","span":{"begin":226,"end":231},"obj":"Protein"},{"id":"T542","span":{"begin":470,"end":475},"obj":"Protein"},{"id":"T550","span":{"begin":663,"end":666},"obj":"Protein"},{"id":"T575","span":{"begin":1003,"end":1014},"obj":"Protein"},{"id":"T588","span":{"begin":1064,"end":1069},"obj":"Protein"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A534","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T534","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UCZ5"},{"id":"A535","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T534","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6LBS3"},{"id":"A536","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T534","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6GTN6"},{"id":"A537","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T534","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q28193"},{"id":"A538","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T534","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q14336"},{"id":"A539","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T534","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P23377"},{"id":"A540","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T534","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P23188"},{"id":"A541","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T534","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P09958"},{"id":"A542","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T542","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UCZ5"},{"id":"A543","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T542","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6LBS3"},{"id":"A544","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T542","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6GTN6"},{"id":"A545","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T542","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q28193"},{"id":"A546","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T542","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q14336"},{"id":"A547","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T542","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P23377"},{"id":"A548","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T542","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P23188"},{"id":"A549","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T542","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P09958"},{"id":"A550","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GLN7"},{"id":"A551","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GLN6"},{"id":"A552","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9EQM9"},{"id":"A553","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8CFN1"},{"id":"A554","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7TMC6"},{"id":"A555","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7M4L4"},{"id":"A556","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6GTS2"},{"id":"A557","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q59GY8"},{"id":"A558","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q53YX9"},{"id":"A559","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q50JE5"},{"id":"A560","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q10751"},{"id":"A561","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q0GA41"},{"id":"A562","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P47820"},{"id":"A563","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22968"},{"id":"A564","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22967"},{"id":"A565","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22966"},{"id":"A566","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12822"},{"id":"A567","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12821"},{"id":"A568","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12820"},{"id":"A569","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P09470"},{"id":"A570","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O02852"},{"id":"A571","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/E7EU16"},{"id":"A572","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B4DXI3"},{"id":"A573","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B0LPF0"},{"id":"A574","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T550","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9VJV3"},{"id":"A575","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T575","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q91WV9"},{"id":"A576","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T575","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q3UEQ0"},{"id":"A577","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T575","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q38041"},{"id":"A578","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T575","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P97322"},{"id":"A579","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T575","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P49429"},{"id":"A580","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T575","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P32755"},{"id":"A581","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T575","obj":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0C045"},{"id":"A582","pred":"uniprot_id","subj":"T575","obj":"https://ww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Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. 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Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-GO-BP-0","denotations":[{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1128},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006949"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1119,"end":1128},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-FMA","denotations":[{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":110,"end":121},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":126,"end":137},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":607,"end":612},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":638,"end":643},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1007,"end":1014},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1132,"end":1136},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A22","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739"},{"id":"A23","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82740"},{"id":"A24","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A25","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A26","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A27","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":189,"end":199},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":268,"end":278},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":304,"end":312},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":318,"end":322},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":347,"end":351},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":517,"end":527},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":570,"end":580},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":693,"end":702},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":1201,"end":1210},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A41","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T41","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A34","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T34","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A39","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T39","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A36","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T36","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A33","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T33","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A38","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T38","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A40","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T40","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A35","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T35","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A37","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T37","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1128},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006949"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1119,"end":1128},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1128},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006949"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1119,"end":1128},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":0,"end":30},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":31,"end":202},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":203,"end":405},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":406,"end":556},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":557,"end":667},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":668,"end":758},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":759,"end":884},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":885,"end":1033},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":1034,"end":1146},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":1147,"end":1211},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32413736-22258248-48112966","span":{"begin":1030,"end":1031},"obj":"22258248"},{"id":"T44212","span":{"begin":1030,"end":1031},"obj":"22258248"}],"text":"3.1.1 Polybasic cleavage site\nAs evidenced by sequence analysis, there is a residue insertion formed of four amino acids (12 nucleotides) at the boundary between S1 and S2 subunits of the SARS-CoV 2 S. It defines a polybasic furin cleavage site of RRAR for the human SARS-CoV 2 that was absent in human SARS-CoV, bat SARS-like CoVs, and pangolin SARS-like CoV while might be present in other species [3]. After the introduction of mutation to the residue insertion and furin cleavage site, the S1/S2 cleavage of the SARS-CoV 2 S did not longer take place. However, the SARS-CoV 2 S entry raised for VeroE6 cells and remained high in BHK cells that express human ACE. Therefore, it seems that SARS-CoV2 transmissibility does not depend on the S1/S2 cleavage.\nA polybasic cleavage site explains a virus that is highly-pathogenic for humans while it is low-pathogenic for other species. For example, using reverse genetic tools, an avian paramyxovirus type 7 (APMV-7) was developed by mutating the fusion (F) protein cleavage site [4]. The constructed APMV-7 showed furin cleavage and increased replication and syncytium formation in cell cultures. However, chicken exposed to the virus did not exhibit infection."}