PMC:7152911 / 136685-137669 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7152911","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7152911","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7152911","text":"The need for water safety and medical diagnostics in remote and under-developed regions has led to the demand for low-cost portable biosensing platforms. One of the major challenges in creating portable biosensors for field use is the need to establish sample preparation-free protocols (Johnson and Mutharasan, 2012) and miniaturize components for actuation, data acquisition, and readout. However, device miniaturization also presents measurement challenges, such as increasing the biosensor signal-to-noise ratio (Wei et al. 2009). Further, portable biosensing platforms should exhibit biorecognition elements that remain stable for extended periods and at a variety of temperatures and humidity levels. The measurement robustness associated with the analysis of small sample volumes also requires further attention with the use of emerging low-cost materials, fabrication approaches, and transduction methods (Kumar et al. 2013; Luppa et al. 2016; Narayan, 2016; Wan et al. 2013).","tracks":[{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"2025","span":{"begin":13,"end":18},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A2025","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2025","obj":"MESH:D014867"},{"subj":"2025","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T237","span":{"begin":88,"end":91},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T238","span":{"begin":218,"end":223},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688"},{"id":"T239","span":{"begin":400,"end":406},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968"},{"id":"T240","span":{"begin":494,"end":500},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418"},{"id":"T241","span":{"begin":660,"end":661},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T237","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T238","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T239","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T240","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T241","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T50607","span":{"begin":13,"end":18},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A84415","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T50607","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377"},{"subj":"T50607","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":892,"end":904},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009293"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T1110","span":{"begin":0,"end":153},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1111","span":{"begin":154,"end":390},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1112","span":{"begin":391,"end":527},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1113","span":{"begin":528,"end":534},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1114","span":{"begin":535,"end":706},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1115","span":{"begin":707,"end":926},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1116","span":{"begin":927,"end":945},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1117","span":{"begin":946,"end":977},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1118","span":{"begin":978,"end":984},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T1110","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T1111","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T1112","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T1113","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T1114","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T1115","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T1116","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T1117","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T1118","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"}]},{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32364936-23101954-7713206","span":{"begin":312,"end":316},"obj":"23101954"},{"id":"32364936-19606287-7713207","span":{"begin":528,"end":532},"obj":"19606287"},{"id":"32364936-24019250-7713208","span":{"begin":927,"end":931},"obj":"24019250"},{"id":"32364936-26808189-7713209","span":{"begin":946,"end":950},"obj":"26808189"},{"id":"32364936-23542064-7713210","span":{"begin":978,"end":982},"obj":"23542064"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"32364936-23101954-7713206","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"32364936-19606287-7713207","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"32364936-24019250-7713208","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"32364936-26808189-7713209","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"32364936-23542064-7713210","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"LitCovid-PubTator","color":"#ec93b1","default":true},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","color":"#93cbec"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","color":"#e5ec93"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","color":"#d993ec"},{"id":"LitCovid-sentences","color":"#93ecbf"},{"id":"2_test","color":"#eca593"}]}]}}