PMC:7152911 / 121126-124288
Annnotations
LitCovid-PubTator
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | tao:has_database_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1906 | 1007-1035 | Species | denotes | human immunodeficiency virus | Tax:12721 |
1907 | 1037-1040 | Species | denotes | HIV | Tax:12721 |
1908 | 851-860 | Disease | denotes | mortality | MESH:D003643 |
1909 | 1308-1316 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
1927 | 1801-1822 | Species | denotes | Plasmodium falciparum | Tax:5833 |
1928 | 2144-2152 | Species | denotes | children | Tax:9606 |
1929 | 2275-2290 | Species | denotes | influenza virus | Tax:11309 |
1930 | 2319-2331 | Species | denotes | rabies virus | Tax:11292 |
1931 | 1666-1679 | Species | denotes | Mycobacterium | Tax:1773 |
1932 | 1684-1694 | Species | denotes | Plasmodium | Tax:5833 |
1933 | 1777-1790 | Species | denotes | Mycobacterium | Tax:1773 |
1934 | 1792-1795 | Species | denotes | HIV | Tax:12721 |
1935 | 2094-2096 | Species | denotes | CD | Tax:1496 |
1936 | 1860-1865 | Disease | denotes | death | MESH:D003643 |
1937 | 1871-1890 | Disease | denotes | infectious diseases | MESH:D003141 |
1938 | 2012-2034 | Disease | denotes | respiratory infections | MESH:D012141 |
1939 | 2050-2060 | Disease | denotes | infections | MESH:D007239 |
1940 | 2066-2084 | Disease | denotes | diarrheal diseases | MESH:D004403 |
1941 | 2292-2300 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
1942 | 2302-2317 | Disease | denotes | hepatitis virus | MESH:D006525 |
1943 | 2365-2374 | Disease | denotes | pneumonia | MESH:D011014 |
1946 | 2625-2634 | Species | denotes | influenza | Tax:11320 |
1947 | 2718-2721 | Species | denotes | HIV | Tax:12721 |
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | fma_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T19 | 148-159 | Body_part | denotes | body fluids | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma280556 |
T20 | 148-152 | Body_part | denotes | body | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135 |
T21 | 177-182 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670 |
T22 | 184-189 | Body_part | denotes | stool | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma64183 |
T23 | 191-196 | Body_part | denotes | urine | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma12274 |
T24 | 198-203 | Body_part | denotes | mucus | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66938 |
T25 | 205-211 | Body_part | denotes | saliva | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma59862 |
T26 | 216-222 | Body_part | denotes | sputum | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma312401 |
T27 | 318-329 | Body_part | denotes | body fluids | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma280556 |
T28 | 318-322 | Body_part | denotes | body | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135 |
T29 | 1037-1040 | Body_part | denotes | HIV | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683 |
T30 | 1220-1228 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T31 | 1792-1795 | Body_part | denotes | HIV | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683 |
T32 | 2036-2049 | Body_part | denotes | urinary tract | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma0326482 |
T33 | 2195-2209 | Body_part | denotes | immune systems | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825 |
T34 | 2718-2721 | Body_part | denotes | HIV | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683 |
T35 | 2754-2757 | Body_part | denotes | RNA | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095 |
T36 | 3023-3028 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670 |
T37 | 3036-3041 | Body_part | denotes | urine | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma12274 |
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | uberon_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T23 | 177-182 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 |
T24 | 184-189 | Body_part | denotes | stool | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001988 |
T25 | 191-196 | Body_part | denotes | urine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001088 |
T26 | 198-203 | Body_part | denotes | mucus | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000912 |
T27 | 205-211 | Body_part | denotes | saliva | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001836 |
T28 | 216-222 | Body_part | denotes | sputum | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007311 |
T29 | 2195-2209 | Body_part | denotes | immune systems | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 |
T30 | 3023-3028 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 |
T31 | 3036-3041 | Body_part | denotes | urine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001088 |
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | mondo_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T107 | 1013-1029 | Disease | denotes | immunodeficiency | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021094 |
T108 | 1308-1316 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
T109 | 1871-1881 | Disease | denotes | infectious | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
T110 | 2012-2034 | Disease | denotes | respiratory infections | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024355 |
T111 | 2036-2060 | Disease | denotes | urinary tract infections | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001650|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005247 |
T113 | 2066-2084 | Disease | denotes | diarrheal diseases | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001673 |
T114 | 2101-2105 | Disease | denotes | MRSA | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100073 |
T115 | 2275-2284 | Disease | denotes | influenza | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812 |
T116 | 2292-2300 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
T117 | 2302-2311 | Disease | denotes | hepatitis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002251 |
T118 | 2319-2325 | Disease | denotes | rabies | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019173 |
T119 | 2354-2374 | Disease | denotes | Mycoplasma pneumonia | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005867 |
T120 | 2365-2374 | Disease | denotes | pneumonia | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249 |
T121 | 2390-2399 | Disease | denotes | pertussis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005077 |
T122 | 2405-2415 | Disease | denotes | infectious | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
T123 | 2606-2616 | Disease | denotes | infectious | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
T124 | 2625-2634 | Disease | denotes | influenza | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812 |
T125 | 2699-2709 | Disease | denotes | infectious | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
LitCovid-PD-CLO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T127 | 41-46 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 | denotes | field |
T128 | 148-159 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 | denotes | body fluids |
T129 | 171-182 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 | denotes | whole blood |
T130 | 171-182 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 | denotes | whole blood |
T131 | 318-329 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 | denotes | body fluids |
T132 | 472-473 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T133 | 734-741 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 | denotes | testing |
T134 | 1007-1012 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T135 | 1030-1035 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T136 | 1070-1071 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T137 | 1239-1242 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T138 | 1520-1522 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000265 | denotes | da |
T139 | 2036-2049 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001008 | denotes | urinary tract |
T140 | 2195-2209 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 | denotes | immune systems |
T141 | 2285-2290 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T142 | 2312-2317 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T143 | 2326-2331 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T144 | 2337-2345 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2 | denotes | bacteria |
T145 | 2945-2946 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T146 | 3011-3019 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2 | denotes | bacteria |
T147 | 3023-3028 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 | denotes | blood |
T148 | 3023-3028 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 | denotes | blood |
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | chebi_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T6251 | 338-342 | Chemical | denotes | gold | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29287|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30050 |
T84608 | 828-841 | Chemical | denotes | antimicrobial | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33281 |
T88200 | 2094-2096 | Chemical | denotes | CD | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8673 |
LitCovid-PD-GO-BP
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T6 | 2998-3019 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016045 | denotes | detection of bacteria |
LitCovid-PD-HP
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | hp_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T16 | 1013-1029 | Phenotype | denotes | immunodeficiency | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002721 |
T17 | 2012-2034 | Phenotype | denotes | respiratory infections | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0011947 |
T18 | 2036-2060 | Phenotype | denotes | urinary tract infections | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000010 |
T19 | 2302-2311 | Phenotype | denotes | hepatitis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012115 |
T20 | 2365-2374 | Phenotype | denotes | pneumonia | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090 |
LitCovid-sentences
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T979 | 0-36 | Sentence | denotes | 4.3 Medical diagnostic applications |
T980 | 37-223 | Sentence | denotes | The field of medical diagnostics heavily relies on the identification and quantification of pathogens found in body fluids, including whole blood, stool, urine, mucus, saliva, or sputum. |
T981 | 224-454 | Sentence | denotes | Diagnostic assays based on traditional bioanalytical techniques for detection of pathogens in body fluids are the gold standard and serve an essential role in healthcare by enabling the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. |
T982 | 455-695 | Sentence | denotes | Biosensors offer a complementary diagnostic platform that enable rapid and cost-effective measurements, high sensitivity, and the ability to make measurements in complex matrices that pose challenges to traditional bioanalytical techniques. |
T983 | 696-886 | Sentence | denotes | Studies suggest that rapid diagnostic testing can potentially reduce the chance of hospitalization, duration of hospitalization and antimicrobial use, and mortality rates (Barenfanger et al. |
T984 | 887-908 | Sentence | denotes | 2000; Beekmann et al. |
T985 | 909-929 | Sentence | denotes | 2003; Dierkes et al. |
T986 | 930-948 | Sentence | denotes | 2009; Rappo et al. |
T987 | 949-955 | Sentence | denotes | 2016). |
T988 | 956-1179 | Sentence | denotes | For example, repeated rapid screening programs for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) detection is recommended as a means of increasing quality-adjusted life years of health for citizens in the United States (Paltiel et al. |
T989 | 1180-1186 | Sentence | denotes | 2006). |
T990 | 1187-1326 | Sentence | denotes | Additionally, the need for rapid antibody screening has been identified as an important aspect of mitigating the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. |
T991 | 1327-1563 | Sentence | denotes | Several comprehensive reviews have been published on traditional bioanalytical assays and biosensor-based assays for pathogen detection in medical diagnostics applications (Ahmed et al., 2014; da Silva et al., 2017; Singh et al., 2014). |
T992 | 1564-1758 | Sentence | denotes | Common pathogens include the aforementioned foodborne, waterborne, and environmental pathogens (e.g., Mycobacterium and Plasmodium spp.), as well as additional airborne and bloodborne pathogens. |
T993 | 1759-1914 | Sentence | denotes | Pathogens such as Mycobacterium, HIV, and Plasmodium falciparum, represent some of the top causes of death from infectious diseases worldwide (WHO, 2018a). |
T994 | 1915-2210 | Sentence | denotes | Other common pathogens associated with medical diagnostics applications include those that cause respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, and diarrheal diseases, such as CD and MRSA, which can be life-threatening to the children, elderly and individuals with compromised immune systems. |
T995 | 2211-2400 | Sentence | denotes | Other airborne and bloodborne pathogens of interest include the influenza virus, COVID-19, hepatitis virus, rabies virus, and bacteria such as Mycoplasma pneumonia and Bordetella pertussis. |
T996 | 2401-2588 | Sentence | denotes | The infectious dose of airborne and bloodborne pathogens also varies by orders of magnitude depending on the pathogen, the method of contraction, and the age and health of the individual. |
T997 | 2589-2832 | Sentence | denotes | For example, the infectious dose of influenza is between 100–1000 particles (Gürtler, 2006), while the median infectious dose of HIV can vary, for example, from two RNA copies to 65,000 depending on the strain and source (Reid and Juma, 2009). |
T998 | 2833-2980 | Sentence | denotes | The diagnostically-relevant concentration of pathogens in each type of matrix must be considered when designing a biosensor for pathogen detection. |
T999 | 2981-3097 | Sentence | denotes | For example, the detection of bacteria in blood versus urine exhibit different diagnostic thresholds (Kelley, 2017). |
T1000 | 3098-3162 | Sentence | denotes | Such knowledge can inform the need for sample preparation steps. |
2_test
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
32364936-10921934-7713169 | 887-891 | 10921934 | denotes | 2000 |
32364936-12843051-7713170 | 909-913 | 12843051 | denotes | 2003 |
32364936-19671147-7713171 | 930-934 | 19671147 | denotes | 2009 |
32364936-27225406-7713172 | 949-953 | 27225406 | denotes | 2016 |
32364936-17146064-7713173 | 1180-1184 | 17146064 | denotes | 2006 |
32364936-24982325-7713174 | 1514-1518 | 24982325 | denotes | 2014 |
32364936-19948896-7713175 | 2826-2830 | 19948896 | denotes | 2009 |
32364936-28723142-7713176 | 3091-3095 | 28723142 | denotes | 2017 |