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PMC:7143804 / 21957-25694 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
145 195-204 Chemical denotes copolymer
146 249-267 Chemical denotes cyclic hydrocarbon MESH:D006844
147 269-279 Chemical denotes norbornene MESH:C046060
148 325-331 Chemical denotes ethene MESH:C036216
149 579-589 Chemical denotes norbornene MESH:C046060
150 1501-1512 Chemical denotes cyclohexane MESH:C506365
151 733-747 Disease denotes heater failure MESH:D006333
154 1802-1813 Chemical denotes cyclohexane MESH:C506365
155 2099-2110 Chemical denotes cyclohexane MESH:C506365
164 2433-2438 Chemical denotes metal MESH:D008670
165 2505-2510 Chemical denotes metal MESH:D008670
166 2746-2748 Chemical denotes Au MESH:D006046
167 2752-2754 Chemical denotes Pt MESH:D010984
168 3297-3302 Chemical denotes metal MESH:D008670
169 3353-3358 Chemical denotes metal MESH:D008670
170 2459-2467 Disease denotes backside
171 3554-3563 CellLine denotes a Heraeus CVCL:S575

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T3 2003-2008 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T4 3199-3204 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T24 869-872 Disease denotes CNC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015285|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019134
T26 1775-1778 Disease denotes CNC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015285|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019134

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T150 293-294 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T151 609-610 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T152 755-756 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T153 869-872 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003099 denotes CNC
T154 886-887 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T155 995-996 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T156 1068-1070 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T157 1093-1094 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T158 1322-1323 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T159 1450-1457 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes devices
T160 1470-1471 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T161 1539-1541 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001387 denotes 4c
T162 1569-1570 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T163 1775-1778 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003099 denotes CNC
T164 1887-1890 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T165 1995-1996 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T166 2305-2311 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes device
T167 2348-2350 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T168 2431-2432 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T169 2512-2514 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007815 denotes Mo
T170 2591-2593 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007815 denotes Mo
T171 2594-2597 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T172 2598-2599 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T173 2891-2892 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T174 2945-2947 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0037161 denotes en
T175 3065-3066 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T176 3442-3446 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T177 3554-3555 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T178 3667-3668 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T179 3691-3702 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes Instruments

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T136 17-20 Chemical denotes COC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53310
T137 195-204 Chemical denotes copolymer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53310|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60804
T139 249-267 Chemical denotes cyclic hydrocarbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33663
T140 256-267 Chemical denotes hydrocarbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24632
T141 269-279 Chemical denotes norbornene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52286
T142 325-331 Chemical denotes ethene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18153
T143 359-362 Chemical denotes COC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53310
T144 465-475 Chemical denotes Kunststoff http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60027
T145 493-503 Chemical denotes Kunststoff http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60027
T146 579-589 Chemical denotes norbornene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52286
T147 627-629 Chemical denotes Tg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9516
T148 869-872 Chemical denotes CNC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48390
T149 895-897 Chemical denotes WF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74874
T150 926-928 Chemical denotes SA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35962|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38358|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45373|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74801
T154 1501-1512 Chemical denotes cyclohexane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29005
T155 1595-1598 Chemical denotes COC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53310
T156 1775-1778 Chemical denotes CNC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48390
T157 1802-1813 Chemical denotes cyclohexane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29005
T158 1883-1886 Chemical denotes COC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53310
T159 2099-2110 Chemical denotes cyclohexane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29005
T160 2512-2514 Chemical denotes Mo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28685
T161 2591-2593 Chemical denotes Mo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28685
T162 2746-2748 Chemical denotes Au http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29287
T163 2752-2754 Chemical denotes Pt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33364|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75318
T165 2780-2786 Chemical denotes metals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33521
T166 2945-2947 Chemical denotes en http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30347
T167 3083-3085 Chemical denotes CE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3663
T168 3388-3391 Chemical denotes COC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53310

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T8 3494-3502 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007610 denotes behavior

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T169 0-4 Sentence denotes 2.3.
T170 5-16 Sentence denotes Fabrication
T171 17-189 Sentence denotes COC [42] is chosen as polymeric substrate because of its biocompatibility, optical transparency, physical resistance, chemical resistance, electrical insulation, and price.
T172 190-341 Sentence denotes This copolymer consists of two monomers, an apolar bridged cyclic hydrocarbon (norbornene) monomer and a linear, lesser apolar, linear ethene monomers.
T173 342-537 Sentence denotes Injection molded COC plates (10 cm by 10 cm and 1.5 mm thickness) of the grade TOPAS 6017 (see Figure 4a) are obtained via Kunststoff-Zentrum Leipzig (Kunststoff-Zentrum gGmbH, Leipzig, Germany).
T174 538-640 Sentence denotes This grade is chosen because of its high norbornene content, giving it a relatively high Tg of 170 °C.
T175 641-813 Sentence denotes This minimizes the chance of melting during the milling process and decreases the chance of heater failure due to a deforming substrate during operation of the heater [28].
T176 814-983 Sentence denotes The microfluidic structure explained in Section 2.1 is CNC-milled using a Mikron WF 21C milling machine (Mikron SA Agno, Agno, Switzerland), as can be seen in Figure 4b.
T177 984-1072 Sentence denotes Milling is a very fast prototyping technique and chosen because of its flexibility [41].
T178 1073-1163 Sentence denotes The milling creates a surface roughness, which increases the surface-area-to-volume ratio.
T179 1164-1306 Sentence denotes This roughness increases the chance of inhibition during the amplification due to the interaction of the used chemicals with the surface [44].
T180 1307-1458 Sentence denotes It also causes a considerable loss of optical transparency, which could obstruct the potential use of in situ fluorescence detection in future devices.
T181 1459-1543 Sentence denotes Therefore, a chemical post-treatment with cyclohexane vapor is done (see Figure 4c).
T182 1544-1774 Sentence denotes Such treatment dissolves a thin outer layer of the COC substrate and causes reflowing of the surface roughness due to the surface tension of the material, restoring the optical transparency and reducing the surface roughness [59].
T183 1775-1873 Sentence denotes CNC milling and subsequent cyclohexane vapor post-treatment are less suitable for mass production.
T184 1874-1938 Sentence denotes However, COC has the possibility of being injection molded [42].
T185 1939-1986 Sentence denotes The used substrates are made using this method.
T186 1987-2227 Sentence denotes This is a large-scale production method and could lower the costs of the eventual product and it eliminates the cyclohexane vapor post-treatment, as injection-molded chips would have the same optical transparency as the pristine substrates.
T187 2228-2352 Sentence denotes Guckenberger et al. mention production costs of $ 47 per simple microfluidic device when only 50 pieces are fabricated [41].
T188 2353-2430 Sentence denotes This price is expected to drop drastically when large numbers are fabricated.
T189 2431-2590 Sentence denotes A metal is deposited on the backside of the substrate using two laser-cut metal (Mo) shadow masks to outline the shape of the resistive heater (see Figure 4d).
T190 2591-2722 Sentence denotes Mo has a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than stainless steel, and therefore gives less deformation during the deposition.
T191 2723-2825 Sentence denotes Metals of interest are Au or Pt, which are commonly used metals to function as resistive heaters [54].
T192 2826-3153 Sentence denotes The deposition methods studied are DC magnetron sputtering using a custom-build machine (Techno Centrum voor Onderwijs en Onderzoek, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands) and e-beam physical vapor deposition (evaporation) using a Balzers BAK 600 CE (Oerlikon Balzers limited, Balzers, Principality of Liechtenstein).
T193 3154-3292 Sentence denotes Both deposition methods are capable of large-scale production, which will lower the production costs in the large-volume production stage.
T194 3293-3737 Sentence denotes The metal and deposition method will be chosen based on the metal adhesion performances on the COC substrate, which is studied using the Scotch tape test [60,61], and the resistance versus temperature behavior in the range 20 °C to 100 °C, which is measured in a Heraeus T5025 oven (Heraeus Holding GmbH, Hanau, Germany), customized with electrical readout and connected to a custom-build National Instruments LabVIEW program (Austin, TX, USA).

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32106462-25906246-69893319 1068-1070 25906246 denotes 41
32106462-25906246-69893320 2348-2350 25906246 denotes 41
32106462-26835667-69893321 2821-2823 26835667 denotes 54