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{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":2333,"end":2348},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032"}],"text":"Results\nAt presentation, all 55 patients had a history of epidemiological exposure to COVID-19, and 5 (9%) patients who discharged from hospital presented SARS-CoV-2 reactivation. The age range of the SARS-CoV-2 reactivated patients was 27–42 years. None of the reactivated patients had underlying diseases such as diabetes, chronic hypertension, or cardiovascular disease. One patient, however, had history of tuberculosis in the mediastinal lymph node in 2009. Additionally, all the reactivated patients excluded influenza virus and H7 avian influenza virus infection upon admission to hospital.\nFour of the 5 patients presented with a fever without chills, one had a high fever (39.3 °C). Patients’ body temperatures fluctuated within a range from 36.2 to 39.3 °C. One patient showed normal body temperature. Other symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection were also observed: one patient had cough, one had sore throat, all patients reported fatigue (Table 1 ). Additionally, one patient showed constipation. However, none of the 5 patients developed severe pneumonia, requiring mechanical ventilation, or died of COVID-19 pneumonia, as of Feb. 24, 2020.\nTable 1 Clinical and laboratory characteristics.\nClinical characteristics Patient 1 Patient 2 Patient 3 Patient 4 Patient 5\nDate of admission Jan. 3 Jan. 13 Jan. 27 Jan. 22 Jan. 20\nSex Male Male Female Female Female\nAge (years) 30 42 32 27 31\nEpidemiological history Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes\nSARS-CoV-2 negative to positive (days) 4 8 17 15 9\nComplications None None None None None\nSigns and symptoms\nFever on admission Yes Yes Yes No Yes\nCough No Yes No No No\nDyspnoea No No No No No\nSore throat No No Yes No No\nFatigue Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes\nLaboratory characteristics\nWhite blood cell count (× 109 cells per L) 5.9 7.1 4.4 6.5 4.5\nNeutrophil count (× 109 cells per L) 3.5 4.5 1.8 4.1 2.6\nLymphocyte count (× 109 cells per L) 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.4\nMonocyte count (× 109 cells per L) 0.63 1.24 0.75 0.58 0.4\nEosinophil count (× 109 cells per L) 0.13 0.05 0.02 0.09 0\nBasophile count (× 109 cells per L) 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02\nC-reactive protein (mg/L) 18.7 23.7 NA \u003c0.50 NA\nElevated ALT (\u003e45 U/L) or AST (\u003e35 U/L) No No No No No\nALT (U/L) 40 16 11 9 10\nAST(U/L) 32 19 20 13 22\nConfirmatory test (SARS-CoV-2 PCR) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes\nCT evidence of pneumonia\nTypical signs of viral infection Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes\nTreatment\nAntiviral therapy Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes\nAntibiotic therapy Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes\nUse of corticosteroid Yes Yes No No Yes\nNA=not applicable. ALT=alanine transaminase. AST=aspartate transaminase.\nAll the 5 reactivated patients were given empirical antibiotic treatment and were administered antiviral therapy (Table 1). Data from laboratory tests showed that one patient had progressive lymphopenia (from 1.3 to 0.56 × 109 cells per L) and progressive elevated neutrophilia (from 4.5 to 18.28 × 109 cells per L). Two patients had elevated concentrations of C-reactive protein (\u003e 18 mg/L). All the 5 patients had normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). All 5 patients had chest CT scan. All patients showed typical findings of chest CT images-multiple patchy ground-glass shadows in lungs (Fig. 1 ).\nFig. 1 Chest CT scans of the 5 patients."}

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