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LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T135 2769-2776 BV_9 denotes epitope
T134 2824-2832 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T133 2935-2939 SP_10 denotes SARS
T132 2940-2951 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes coronavirus
T131 2953-2961 SP_10 denotes SARS-CoV
T130 3155-3160 SP_6;NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T129 3161-3174 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes coronaviruses
T128 3312-3322 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T127 3368-3374 UBERON:0002405;CL:0000738 denotes immune
T126 3375-3380 CL:0000738 denotes cells
T125 3468-3478 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T124 3586-3590 GO:0051716 denotes host
T123 3603-3613 SP_7 denotes SARS-CoV-2
T122 3780-3788 SP_10 denotes SARS-CoV
T121 3821-3826 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T120 3894-3898 UBERON:0002048 denotes lung
T119 3937-3948 UBERON:0001004 denotes respiratory
T118 3963-3974 UBERON:0001004 denotes respiratory
T117 4091-4099 SP_7 denotes COVID-19
T116 4249-4260 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes coronavirus
T115 4290-4298 SP_10 denotes SARS-CoV
T114 4322-4328 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes humans
T113 4397-4404 SO:0000704 denotes genetic
T112 4456-4461 NCBITaxon:10239 denotes virus
T111 4478-4486 SP_7 denotes COVID-19
T110 4506-4516 SP_7 denotes SARS-CoV-2
T109 4546-4554 SO:0000853 denotes homology
T108 4614-4622 BV_9 denotes epitopes
T107 4630-4638 SP_10 denotes SARS-CoV
T106 4720-4730 SP_7 denotes SARS-CoV-2
T105 4804-4812 BV_9 denotes epitopes
T104 4820-4828 SP_10 denotes SARS-CoV
T103 4884-4894 SP_7 denotes SARS-CoV-2
T102 4943-4951 SP_10 denotes SARS-CoV
T101 5042-5047 NCBITaxon:10239 denotes virus
T100 5103-5111 SP_10 denotes SARS-CoV
T99 5189-5196 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T98 5237-5240 SP_2 denotes bat
T97 5241-5252 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes coronavirus
T96 5314-5324 SP_7 denotes SARS-CoV-2
T22 121-129 SP_7 denotes COVID-19
T21 130-141 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes coronavirus
T20 307-315 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T19 347-357 SP_7 denotes SARS-CoV-2
T18 389-402 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes coronaviruses
T17 408-417 GO:0065007 denotes modulates
T16 422-428 UBERON:0002405;GO:0006955 denotes immune
T15 429-437 GO:0006955 denotes response
T14 574-580 GO:0016265 denotes deaths
T13 626-635 CHEBI:59132;CHEBI:59132 denotes antigenic
T12 636-644 BV_9 denotes epitopes
T11 678-685 NCBITaxon:10239 denotes viruses
T10 779-785 GO:0016265 denotes deaths
T23 37-50 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes coronaviruses
T24 3-11 SP_7 denotes COVID-19
T95 5337-5345 SO:0000853 denotes homology
T94 5351-5359 SP_10 denotes SARS-CoV
T93 5444-5457 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes coronaviruses
T92 5519-5524 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes virus
T91 5780-5788 SP_7 denotes COVID-19
T90 5792-5798 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes humans
T89 5821-5826 NCBITaxon:10239 denotes virus
T88 5834-5844 NCBITaxon:1 denotes individual
T87 5887-5892 NCBITaxon:10239 denotes virus
T161 853-861 SP_7 denotes COVID-19
T160 962-968 GO:0016265 denotes deaths
T159 1183-1188 NCBITaxon:10239 denotes virus
T158 1296-1310 UBERON:0004535 denotes cardiovascular
T157 1315-1330 UBERON:0002037 denotes cerebrovascular
T156 1420-1426 UBERON:0002405 denotes immune
T155 1439-1450 GO:0050817 denotes coagulation
T154 1451-1461 GO:0007598 denotes activation
T153 1463-1472 UBERON:0002349 denotes myocardia
T152 1481-1488 UBERON:0002107 denotes hepatic
T151 1493-1499 UBERON:0002113 denotes kidney
T150 1522-1531 NCBITaxon:2 denotes bacterial
T149 1590-1595 GO:0016265 denotes death
T148 1686-1694 SP_7 denotes COVID-19
T147 1756-1767 UBERON:0001004 denotes respiratory
T146 1778-1782 SP_10 denotes SARS
T145 1874-1878 SP_10 denotes SARS
T144 1880-1888 SP_7 denotes COVID-19
T143 1929-1934 SP_6;NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T142 2160-2171 NCBITaxon:1 denotes individuals
T141 2361-2366 NCBITaxon:10239 denotes virus
T140 2478-2487 NCBITaxon:7719 denotes influenza
T139 2488-2493 NCBITaxon:10239 denotes virus
T138 2652-2663 NCBITaxon:1 denotes Individuals
T137 2725-2736 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes coronavirus
T136 2759-2768 CHEBI:59132;CHEBI:59132 denotes antigenic

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 307-315 Body_part denotes antibody http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T2 497-505 Body_part denotes cytokine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050
T3 1493-1499 Body_part denotes kidney http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7203
T4 2824-2832 Body_part denotes antibody http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T5 3304-3311 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T6 3375-3380 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T7 3894-3898 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T8 4645-4652 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T9 4709-4716 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T10 4835-4842 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 1493-1499 Body_part denotes kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113
T2 3894-3898 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 3-11 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T2 22-25 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T3 121-129 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T4 339-342 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T5 347-355 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T6 347-351 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T7 404-407 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T8 463-475 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T9 477-488 Disease denotes lymphopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003783
T10 582-585 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T11 853-861 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T12 1315-1338 Disease denotes cerebrovascular disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011057
T13 1350-1358 Disease denotes diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005015
T14 1473-1479 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T15 1500-1506 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T16 1522-1541 Disease denotes bacterial infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005113
T17 1532-1541 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T18 1597-1608 Disease denotes lymphopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003783
T19 1623-1635 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T20 1686-1694 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T21 1743-1776 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T22 1778-1782 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T23 1874-1878 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T24 1880-1888 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T25 2234-2243 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T26 2478-2487 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T27 2856-2859 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T28 2935-2939 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T29 2953-2961 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T30 2953-2957 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T31 3195-3204 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T32 3355-3364 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T33 3603-3611 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T34 3603-3607 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T35 3614-3623 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T36 3669-3672 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T37 3780-3788 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T38 3780-3784 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T39 3840-3843 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T40 3874-3886 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T41 3949-3955 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T42 3957-3992 Disease denotes acute respiratory distress syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T43 3963-3992 Disease denotes respiratory distress syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009971
T44 4013-4025 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T45 4091-4099 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T46 4122-4125 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T47 4290-4298 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T48 4290-4294 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T49 4478-4486 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T50 4506-4514 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T51 4506-4510 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T52 4630-4638 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T53 4630-4634 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T54 4720-4728 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T55 4720-4724 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T56 4820-4828 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T57 4820-4824 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T58 4884-4892 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T59 4884-4888 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T60 4923-4926 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T61 4943-4951 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T62 4943-4947 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T63 4964-4973 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T64 4993-4996 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T65 5103-5111 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T66 5103-5107 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T67 5314-5322 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T68 5314-5318 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T69 5351-5359 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T70 5351-5355 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T71 5507-5518 Disease denotes common cold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005709
T72 5677-5686 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T73 5710-5713 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383
T74 5780-5788 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T75 6086-6089 Disease denotes ADE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019383

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 678-685 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T2 697-698 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T3 1183-1188 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T4 1451-1461 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activation
T5 1493-1499 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113 denotes kidney
T6 1493-1499 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000927 denotes kidney
T7 1493-1499 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000929 denotes kidney
T8 1636-1639 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T9 1911-1912 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T10 1929-1934 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T11 1970-1984 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 denotes Organization’s
T12 2000-2001 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T13 2116-2117 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T14 2177-2178 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T15 2361-2366 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T16 2391-2392 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T17 2488-2493 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T18 2592-2593 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T19 2895-2898 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T20 3067-3068 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T21 3152-3160 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes be human
T22 3375-3380 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T23 3491-3492 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T24 3624-3627 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T25 3733-3734 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T26 3813-3815 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T27 3821-3826 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouse
T28 3894-3898 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T29 3894-3898 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T30 4133-4134 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T31 4322-4328 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T32 4329-4332 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T33 4456-4461 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T34 4675-4676 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T35 4983-4984 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T36 5042-5047 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T37 5083-5084 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T38 5189-5196 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T39 5237-5240 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T40 5497-5498 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T41 5519-5524 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T42 5526-5527 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T43 5591-5593 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T44 5652-5659 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes testing
T45 5714-5717 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T46 5792-5798 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T47 5821-5826 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T48 5870-5875 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focus
T49 5887-5892 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T50 6106-6107 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T51 6281-6282 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 2769-2776 Chemical denotes epitope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53000
T2 3304-3311 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T3 4645-4652 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T4 4709-4716 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T5 4835-4842 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 422-437 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 denotes immune response
T2 463-475 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T3 1162-1174 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405 denotes pathogenesis
T4 1439-1450 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050817 denotes coagulation
T5 1623-1635 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T6 2530-2542 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405 denotes pathogenesis
T7 3874-3886 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T8 4013-4025 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T9 6121-6133 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405 denotes pathogenesis

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-51 Sentence denotes Is COVID-19 receiving ADE from other coronaviruses?
T2 53-61 Sentence denotes Abstract
T3 62-283 Sentence denotes One of the most perplexing questions regarding the current COVID-19 coronavirus epidemic is the discrepancy between the severity of cases observed in the Hubei province of China and those occurring elsewhere in the world.
T4 284-403 Sentence denotes One possible answer is antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) of SARS-CoV-2 due to prior exposure to other coronaviruses.
T5 404-581 Sentence denotes ADE modulates the immune response and can elicit sustained inflammation, lymphopenia, and/or cytokine storm, one or all of which have been documented in severe cases and deaths.
T6 582-786 Sentence denotes ADE also requires prior exposure to similar antigenic epitopes, presumably circulating in local viruses, making it a possible explanation for the observed geographic limitation of severe cases and deaths.
T7 788-871 Sentence denotes There are numerous questions regarding the nature of the current COVID-19 epidemic.
T8 872-1066 Sentence denotes One of the most perplexing happens to be the significant discrepancy of serious cases and deaths between areas within the Hubei Province, where the outbreak initiated, and the rest of the world.
T9 1067-1205 Sentence denotes An examination of patient cases within the Hubei region reveals some useful data regarding the pathogenesis of this virus [[1], [2], [3]].
T10 1206-1359 Sentence denotes Severe cases tend to occur in men and many suffer from one or more co-morbidities such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease as well as diabetes.
T11 1360-1542 Sentence denotes Several sequelae also have been observed including cellular immune deficiency, coagulation activation, myocardia injury, hepatic and kidney injury, and secondary bacterial infection.
T12 1543-1654 Sentence denotes In the majority of cases of severe disease and death, lymphopenia and sustained inflammation has been recorded.
T13 1655-1813 Sentence denotes Notably, these observations in COVID-19 patients are similar to those who suffered from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during the 2003 epidemic [4].
T14 1814-2051 Sentence denotes Based on this information and the similarity of symptoms to SARS, COVID-19 appears to constitute a major threat to human health justifying the World Health Organization’s declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.
T15 2052-2145 Sentence denotes Yet, examining the situation outside of Hubei Province provides a very different perspective.
T16 2146-2244 Sentence denotes Most infected individuals have a mild disease and do not progress into severe stages of infection.
T17 2245-2332 Sentence denotes Moreover, patients appear to be able to recover with little to no medical intervention.
T18 2333-2423 Sentence denotes Based on this evidence, the virus would not be considered a major threat to public health.
T19 2424-2498 Sentence denotes Instead, it appears to be no more concerning than the influenza virus [5].
T20 2499-2574 Sentence denotes This geographic discrepancy in pathogenesis may appear to defy explanation.
T21 2575-2651 Sentence denotes Yet there may be a biological mechanism behind this epidemiological anomaly.
T22 2652-2861 Sentence denotes Individuals suffering the most may have been primed by one or more prior coronavirus exposures, and due to antigenic epitope heterogeneity, are experiencing the effects of antibody dependent enhancement (ADE).
T23 2862-2962 Sentence denotes This postulate isn’t novel as it has been found and characterized in the SARS coronavirus, SARS-CoV.
T24 2963-3102 Sentence denotes Enhancement was identified by Yang et al. [6] in 2005 and was hypothesized as being the reason for such a high mortality rate in China [7].
T25 3103-3222 Sentence denotes At the time, the priming strains were thought to be human coronaviruses known to cause mild infection such as 229E [7].
T26 3223-3381 Sentence denotes The mechanism was characterized by Yip et al. [8,9] and revealed that anti-Spike protein antibodies were indeed responsible for the infection of immune cells.
T27 3382-3547 Sentence denotes Wang et al. [10] revealed that enhancement may be improved by increasing dilutions of antibodies, suggesting a temporal relationship between priming and enhancement.
T28 3548-3747 Sentence denotes While the molecular and immunological host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection has not yet been fully elucidated to confirm ADE is occuring, the current clinical evidence suggests this is a possibility.
T29 3748-3913 Sentence denotes Based on previous studies using SARS-CoV using in vitro studies [11] and mouse models [12], ADE hinders the ability to manage inflammation in the lung and elsewhere.
T30 3914-4108 Sentence denotes This may lead to acute respiratory injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and other observed inflammation-based sequelae as seen in many of the documented cases of severe COVID-19 disease.
T31 4109-4206 Sentence denotes In addition, ADE offers a viable explanation for the geographic discrepancy in severity of cases.
T32 4207-4392 Sentence denotes In the context of identifying the priming coronavirus, it is worthwhile looking at SARS-CoV as its introduction to humans has been suggested to have occurred in the Hubei Province [13].
T33 4393-4560 Sentence denotes The genetic sequence possesses numerous dissimilarities to the virus responsible for COVID-19, tentatively named SARS-CoV-2 [14], with approximately 79% homology [15].
T34 4561-4674 Sentence denotes For example, Hua et al. [16] identified two specific epitopes on the SARS-CoV spike protein, 447–458 and 789–799.
T35 4675-4778 Sentence denotes A BLAST comparison with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 reveals 72.7% and 100% similarity respectively.
T36 4779-4927 Sentence denotes Several other identified epitopes on the SARS-CoV spike protein [13] do not share perfect alignment with SARS-CoV-2 and may also be involved in ADE.
T37 4928-5048 Sentence denotes Although prior SARS-CoV exposure or infection may play a role in ADE, it likely is not be the predominant priming virus.
T38 5049-5218 Sentence denotes Seroprevalence studies have shown a very low level of SARS-CoV seroconversion in the population apart from workers with direct contact with animals such as traders [17].
T39 5219-5360 Sentence denotes Moreover, several bat coronavirus strains [6] have been identified as being closely related to SARS-CoV-2 with higher homology than SARS-CoV.
T40 5361-5525 Sentence denotes There may have been past introductions and circulations of mild strains of similar coronaviruses that were asymptomatic or mistaken for a regular common cold virus.
T41 5526-5727 Sentence denotes A few potential candidates have been isolated in Hubei province [18] and may serve as the basis for retrospective serological testing to confirm prior infection and resultant risk for ADE has occurred.
T42 5728-5845 Sentence denotes We are just beginning to understand the dynamics of COVID-19 in humans and the impact of the virus on the individual.
T43 5846-6078 Sentence denotes Further studies need to focus on how the virus interacts with the host leading to the wide variance in observed symptoms and the apparent geographically based discrepancy of severity between Hubei Province and the rest of the world.
T44 6079-6311 Sentence denotes Should ADE be proven to be a mechanism of pathogenesis, both treatment regimens and vaccine development will need to take this phenomenon into consideration to ensure it is mitigated and in the case of a vaccine, avoided altogether.
T45 6313-6346 Sentence denotes Declaration of Competing Interest
T46 6347-6361 Sentence denotes None declared.
T47 6363-6379 Sentence denotes Acknowledgements
T48 6380-6385 Sentence denotes None.

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 477-488 Phenotype denotes lymphopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001888
T2 497-511 Phenotype denotes cytokine storm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033041
T3 1420-1437 Phenotype denotes immune deficiency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002721
T4 1597-1608 Phenotype denotes lymphopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001888
T5 3963-3983 Phenotype denotes respiratory distress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
2 37-50 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
3 3-11 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
11 121-141 Species denotes COVID-19 coronavirus Tax:2697049
12 347-357 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
13 389-402 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
14 463-475 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
15 477-488 Disease denotes lymphopenia MESH:D008231
16 574-580 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
17 779-785 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
20 853-861 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
21 962-968 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
35 1085-1092 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
36 1236-1239 Species denotes men Tax:9606
37 1695-1703 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
38 1296-1338 Disease denotes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease MESH:D002318
39 1350-1358 Disease denotes diabetes MESH:D003920
40 1439-1450 Disease denotes coagulation MESH:D001778
41 1463-1506 Disease denotes myocardia injury, hepatic and kidney injury MESH:D058186
42 1522-1541 Disease denotes bacterial infection MESH:D001424
43 1590-1595 Disease denotes death MESH:D003643
44 1597-1608 Disease denotes lymphopenia MESH:D008231
45 1623-1635 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
46 1686-1694 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
47 1743-1776 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome MESH:D045169
54 1929-1934 Species denotes human Tax:9606
55 2255-2263 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
56 2478-2493 Species denotes influenza virus Tax:11308
57 1880-1888 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
58 2151-2159 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
59 2234-2243 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
62 2725-2736 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
63 2643-2650 Disease denotes anomaly MESH:D000014
72 3298-3303 Gene denotes Spike Gene:43740568
73 2935-2951 Species denotes SARS coronavirus Tax:694009
74 2953-2961 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
75 3155-3160 Species denotes human Tax:9606
76 3161-3174 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
77 3074-3083 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
78 3195-3204 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
79 3355-3364 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
88 3780-3788 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
89 3821-3826 Species denotes mouse Tax:10090
90 3603-3623 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
91 3874-3886 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
92 3937-3955 Disease denotes respiratory injury MESH:D012131
93 3957-3992 Disease denotes acute respiratory distress syndrome MESH:D012128
94 4013-4025 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
95 4091-4099 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
108 4703-4708 Gene denotes spike Gene:43740568
109 4829-4834 Gene denotes spike Gene:43740568
110 4639-4644 Gene denotes spike Gene:43740568
111 4249-4260 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
112 4290-4298 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
113 4322-4328 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
114 4506-4516 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
115 4630-4638 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
116 4720-4730 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
117 4820-4828 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
118 4884-4894 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
119 4478-4486 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
128 4943-4951 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
129 5103-5111 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
130 5237-5252 Species denotes bat coronavirus Tax:1508220
131 5314-5324 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
132 5351-5359 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
133 5444-5457 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
134 4964-4973 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
135 5677-5686 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
138 5792-5798 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
139 5780-5788 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245