PMC:7091888 / 4966-6821 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"220","span":{"begin":1120,"end":1121},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"221","span":{"begin":955,"end":965},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"222","span":{"begin":1012,"end":1022},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"223","span":{"begin":1024,"end":1032},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"224","span":{"begin":1038,"end":1046},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"225","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1119},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"226","span":{"begin":1136,"end":1144},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"227","span":{"begin":1165,"end":1173},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"228","span":{"begin":1215,"end":1225},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"229","span":{"begin":1230,"end":1238},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"230","span":{"begin":1293,"end":1303},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"231","span":{"begin":1305,"end":1313},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"232","span":{"begin":1319,"end":1327},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"233","span":{"begin":1591,"end":1601},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"234","span":{"begin":1675,"end":1683},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"235","span":{"begin":1688,"end":1696},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"236","span":{"begin":1762,"end":1766},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"237","span":{"begin":1782,"end":1790},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"238","span":{"begin":1047,"end":1052},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"239","span":{"begin":1542,"end":1545},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"253","span":{"begin":37,"end":45},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"254","span":{"begin":50,"end":60},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"255","span":{"begin":90,"end":100},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"256","span":{"begin":346,"end":355},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"257","span":{"begin":465,"end":473},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"258","span":{"begin":509,"end":519},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"259","span":{"begin":596,"end":606},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"260","span":{"begin":611,"end":619},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"261","span":{"begin":644,"end":652},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"262","span":{"begin":866,"end":874},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"263","span":{"begin":904,"end":914},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"264","span":{"begin":263,"end":268},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"265","span":{"begin":361,"end":365},"obj":"CellLine"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A220","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"220","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A221","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"221","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A222","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"222","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A223","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"223","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A224","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"224","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A225","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"225","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A226","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"226","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A227","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"227","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A228","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"228","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A229","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"229","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A230","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"230","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A231","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"231","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A232","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"232","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A233","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"233","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A234","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"234","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A235","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"235","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A236","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"236","obj":"Tax:10090"},{"id":"A237","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"237","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A238","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"238","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A239","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"239","obj":"MESH:D012967"},{"id":"A253","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"253","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A254","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"254","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A255","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"255","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A256","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"256","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A257","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"257","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A258","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"258","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A259","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"259","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A260","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"260","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A261","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"261","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A262","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"262","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A263","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"263","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A264","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"264","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A265","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"265","obj":"CVCL:0063"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"By alignment of the RBD sequences of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, we identified the region of SARS-CoV-2 RBD at residues 331 to 524 of S protein (Fig. 1a). We then constructed a recombinant RBD protein containing codon-optimized RBD sequences with a C-terminal Fc of human IgG1 (hFc) using pFUSE-hIgG1-Fc2 expression vector, expressed the protein in mammalian cell 293T, and purified it from cell culture supernatant using protein A affinity chromatography. Similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBD protein controls, SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein had high expression with strong purity (Fig. 1b). Notably, only SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV RBDs were recognized by SARS-CoV RBD-specific, but not MERS-CoV RBD-specific, polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1c), whereas only MERS-CoV RBD was recognized by MERS-CoV RBD-immunized polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1d), suggesting the cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV RBD-specific antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein.\nFig. 1 Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. a Multiple sequence alignment of RBDs of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV spike (S) proteins. GenBank accession numbers are QHR63250.1 (SARS-CoV-2 S), AY278488.2 (SARS-CoV S), and AFS88936.1 (MERS-CoV S). Variable amino acid residues between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV are highlighted in cyan, and conserved residues among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV are highlighted in yellow. Asterisks represent fully conserved residues, colons represent highly conserved residues, and periods represent lowly conserved residues. The alignment was performed using Clustal Omega. SDS-PAGE (b) and Western blot (c, d) analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. The protein molecular weight marker (kDa) is indicated on the left. SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBDs were included as controls. Antisera (1:3,000 dilution) from mice immunized with SARS-CoV RBD (c) and MERS-CoV RBD (d) were used for Western blot analysis"}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":133,"end":140},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":190,"end":197},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":335,"end":342},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":356,"end":360},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":388,"end":392},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":419,"end":426},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":491,"end":498},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":524,"end":531},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":919,"end":926},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":1057,"end":1065},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1187,"end":1197},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":1611,"end":1618},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A20","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T20","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A21","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T21","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A22","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A23","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A24","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A25","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A26","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A27","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A28","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T28","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A29","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T29","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A30","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T30","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739"},{"id":"A31","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T31","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"}],"text":"By alignment of the RBD sequences of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, we identified the region of SARS-CoV-2 RBD at residues 331 to 524 of S protein (Fig. 1a). We then constructed a recombinant RBD protein containing codon-optimized RBD sequences with a C-terminal Fc of human IgG1 (hFc) using pFUSE-hIgG1-Fc2 expression vector, expressed the protein in mammalian cell 293T, and purified it from cell culture supernatant using protein A affinity chromatography. Similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBD protein controls, SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein had high expression with strong purity (Fig. 1b). Notably, only SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV RBDs were recognized by SARS-CoV RBD-specific, but not MERS-CoV RBD-specific, polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1c), whereas only MERS-CoV RBD was recognized by MERS-CoV RBD-immunized polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1d), suggesting the cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV RBD-specific antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein.\nFig. 1 Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. a Multiple sequence alignment of RBDs of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV spike (S) proteins. GenBank accession numbers are QHR63250.1 (SARS-CoV-2 S), AY278488.2 (SARS-CoV S), and AFS88936.1 (MERS-CoV S). Variable amino acid residues between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV are highlighted in cyan, and conserved residues among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV are highlighted in yellow. Asterisks represent fully conserved residues, colons represent highly conserved residues, and periods represent lowly conserved residues. The alignment was performed using Clustal Omega. SDS-PAGE (b) and Western blot (c, d) analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. The protein molecular weight marker (kDa) is indicated on the left. SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBDs were included as controls. Antisera (1:3,000 dilution) from mice immunized with SARS-CoV RBD (c) and MERS-CoV RBD (d) were used for Western blot analysis"}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T94","span":{"begin":37,"end":45},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":37,"end":41},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":50,"end":58},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T97","span":{"begin":50,"end":54},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T98","span":{"begin":90,"end":98},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T99","span":{"begin":90,"end":94},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T100","span":{"begin":465,"end":473},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T101","span":{"begin":465,"end":469},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T102","span":{"begin":509,"end":517},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T103","span":{"begin":509,"end":513},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T104","span":{"begin":596,"end":604},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T105","span":{"begin":596,"end":600},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T106","span":{"begin":611,"end":619},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T107","span":{"begin":611,"end":615},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T108","span":{"begin":644,"end":652},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T109","span":{"begin":644,"end":648},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T110","span":{"begin":866,"end":874},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T111","span":{"begin":866,"end":870},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T112","span":{"begin":904,"end":912},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T113","span":{"begin":904,"end":908},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T114","span":{"begin":955,"end":963},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T115","span":{"begin":955,"end":959},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T116","span":{"begin":1012,"end":1020},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T117","span":{"begin":1012,"end":1016},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T118","span":{"begin":1024,"end":1032},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T119","span":{"begin":1024,"end":1028},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T120","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1117},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T121","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1113},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T122","span":{"begin":1136,"end":1144},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T123","span":{"begin":1136,"end":1140},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T124","span":{"begin":1215,"end":1223},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T125","span":{"begin":1215,"end":1219},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T126","span":{"begin":1230,"end":1238},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T127","span":{"begin":1230,"end":1234},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T128","span":{"begin":1293,"end":1301},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T129","span":{"begin":1293,"end":1297},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T130","span":{"begin":1305,"end":1313},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T131","span":{"begin":1305,"end":1309},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T132","span":{"begin":1591,"end":1599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T133","span":{"begin":1591,"end":1595},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T134","span":{"begin":1675,"end":1683},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T135","span":{"begin":1675,"end":1679},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T136","span":{"begin":1782,"end":1790},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T137","span":{"begin":1782,"end":1786},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A94","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T94","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A95","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T95","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A96","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T96","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A97","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T97","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A98","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T98","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A99","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T99","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A100","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T100","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A101","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T101","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A102","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T102","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A103","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T103","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A104","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T104","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A105","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T105","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A106","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T106","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A107","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T107","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A108","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T108","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A109","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T109","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A110","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T110","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A111","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T111","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A112","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T112","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A113","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T113","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A114","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T114","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A115","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T115","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A116","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T116","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A117","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T117","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A118","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T118","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A119","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T119","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A120","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T120","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A121","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T121","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A122","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T122","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A123","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T123","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A124","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T124","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A125","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T125","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A126","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T126","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A127","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T127","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A128","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T128","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A129","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T129","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A130","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T130","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A131","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T131","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A132","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T132","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A133","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T133","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A134","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T134","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A135","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T135","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A136","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T136","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A137","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T137","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"}],"text":"By alignment of the RBD sequences of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, we identified the region of SARS-CoV-2 RBD at residues 331 to 524 of S protein (Fig. 1a). We then constructed a recombinant RBD protein containing codon-optimized RBD sequences with a C-terminal Fc of human IgG1 (hFc) using pFUSE-hIgG1-Fc2 expression vector, expressed the protein in mammalian cell 293T, and purified it from cell culture supernatant using protein A affinity chromatography. Similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBD protein controls, SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein had high expression with strong purity (Fig. 1b). Notably, only SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV RBDs were recognized by SARS-CoV RBD-specific, but not MERS-CoV RBD-specific, polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1c), whereas only MERS-CoV RBD was recognized by MERS-CoV RBD-immunized polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1d), suggesting the cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV RBD-specific antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein.\nFig. 1 Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. a Multiple sequence alignment of RBDs of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV spike (S) proteins. GenBank accession numbers are QHR63250.1 (SARS-CoV-2 S), AY278488.2 (SARS-CoV S), and AFS88936.1 (MERS-CoV S). Variable amino acid residues between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV are highlighted in cyan, and conserved residues among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV are highlighted in yellow. Asterisks represent fully conserved residues, colons represent highly conserved residues, and periods represent lowly conserved residues. The alignment was performed using Clustal Omega. SDS-PAGE (b) and Western blot (c, d) analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. The protein molecular weight marker (kDa) is indicated on the left. SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBDs were included as controls. Antisera (1:3,000 dilution) from mice immunized with SARS-CoV RBD (c) and MERS-CoV RBD (d) were used for Western blot analysis"}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":172,"end":173},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":244,"end":245},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":257,"end":259},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052676"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":263,"end":268},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":356,"end":360},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":361,"end":365},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050894"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":361,"end":365},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051650"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":361,"end":365},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052052"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":388,"end":392},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":427,"end":428},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":971,"end":972},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":1187,"end":1206},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33708"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":1187,"end":1206},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000036907"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":1401,"end":1407},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001155"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1553},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"}],"text":"By alignment of the RBD sequences of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, we identified the region of SARS-CoV-2 RBD at residues 331 to 524 of S protein (Fig. 1a). We then constructed a recombinant RBD protein containing codon-optimized RBD sequences with a C-terminal Fc of human IgG1 (hFc) using pFUSE-hIgG1-Fc2 expression vector, expressed the protein in mammalian cell 293T, and purified it from cell culture supernatant using protein A affinity chromatography. Similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBD protein controls, SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein had high expression with strong purity (Fig. 1b). Notably, only SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV RBDs were recognized by SARS-CoV RBD-specific, but not MERS-CoV RBD-specific, polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1c), whereas only MERS-CoV RBD was recognized by MERS-CoV RBD-immunized polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1d), suggesting the cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV RBD-specific antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein.\nFig. 1 Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. a Multiple sequence alignment of RBDs of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV spike (S) proteins. GenBank accession numbers are QHR63250.1 (SARS-CoV-2 S), AY278488.2 (SARS-CoV S), and AFS88936.1 (MERS-CoV S). Variable amino acid residues between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV are highlighted in cyan, and conserved residues among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV are highlighted in yellow. Asterisks represent fully conserved residues, colons represent highly conserved residues, and periods represent lowly conserved residues. The alignment was performed using Clustal Omega. SDS-PAGE (b) and Western blot (c, d) analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. The protein molecular weight marker (kDa) is indicated on the left. SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBDs were included as controls. Antisera (1:3,000 dilution) from mice immunized with SARS-CoV RBD (c) and MERS-CoV RBD (d) were used for Western blot analysis"}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":133,"end":140},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":190,"end":197},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":335,"end":342},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":419,"end":426},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":491,"end":498},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":524,"end":531},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":919,"end":926},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1057,"end":1065},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":1187,"end":1197},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":1187,"end":1192},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":1193,"end":1197},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":1542,"end":1545},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":1611,"end":1618},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A27","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A28","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T28","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A29","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T29","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A30","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T30","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A31","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T31","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A32","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T32","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A33","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T33","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A34","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T34","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A35","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T35","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709"},{"id":"A36","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T36","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882"},{"id":"A37","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T37","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527"},{"id":"A38","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T38","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8984"},{"id":"A39","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T39","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"}],"text":"By alignment of the RBD sequences of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, we identified the region of SARS-CoV-2 RBD at residues 331 to 524 of S protein (Fig. 1a). We then constructed a recombinant RBD protein containing codon-optimized RBD sequences with a C-terminal Fc of human IgG1 (hFc) using pFUSE-hIgG1-Fc2 expression vector, expressed the protein in mammalian cell 293T, and purified it from cell culture supernatant using protein A affinity chromatography. Similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBD protein controls, SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein had high expression with strong purity (Fig. 1b). Notably, only SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV RBDs were recognized by SARS-CoV RBD-specific, but not MERS-CoV RBD-specific, polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1c), whereas only MERS-CoV RBD was recognized by MERS-CoV RBD-immunized polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1d), suggesting the cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV RBD-specific antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein.\nFig. 1 Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. a Multiple sequence alignment of RBDs of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV spike (S) proteins. GenBank accession numbers are QHR63250.1 (SARS-CoV-2 S), AY278488.2 (SARS-CoV S), and AFS88936.1 (MERS-CoV S). Variable amino acid residues between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV are highlighted in cyan, and conserved residues among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV are highlighted in yellow. Asterisks represent fully conserved residues, colons represent highly conserved residues, and periods represent lowly conserved residues. The alignment was performed using Clustal Omega. SDS-PAGE (b) and Western blot (c, d) analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. The protein molecular weight marker (kDa) is indicated on the left. SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBDs were included as controls. Antisera (1:3,000 dilution) from mice immunized with SARS-CoV RBD (c) and MERS-CoV RBD (d) were used for Western blot analysis"}

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":0,"end":151},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":152,"end":453},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":454,"end":581},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":582,"end":927},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":928,"end":1066},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":1067,"end":1177},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":1178,"end":1354},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":1355,"end":1492},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1493,"end":1541},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1542,"end":1606},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1607,"end":1674},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":1675,"end":1728},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1729,"end":1855},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"By alignment of the RBD sequences of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, we identified the region of SARS-CoV-2 RBD at residues 331 to 524 of S protein (Fig. 1a). We then constructed a recombinant RBD protein containing codon-optimized RBD sequences with a C-terminal Fc of human IgG1 (hFc) using pFUSE-hIgG1-Fc2 expression vector, expressed the protein in mammalian cell 293T, and purified it from cell culture supernatant using protein A affinity chromatography. Similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBD protein controls, SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein had high expression with strong purity (Fig. 1b). Notably, only SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV RBDs were recognized by SARS-CoV RBD-specific, but not MERS-CoV RBD-specific, polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1c), whereas only MERS-CoV RBD was recognized by MERS-CoV RBD-immunized polyclonal antibodies (Fig. 1d), suggesting the cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV RBD-specific antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein.\nFig. 1 Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. a Multiple sequence alignment of RBDs of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV spike (S) proteins. GenBank accession numbers are QHR63250.1 (SARS-CoV-2 S), AY278488.2 (SARS-CoV S), and AFS88936.1 (MERS-CoV S). Variable amino acid residues between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV are highlighted in cyan, and conserved residues among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV are highlighted in yellow. Asterisks represent fully conserved residues, colons represent highly conserved residues, and periods represent lowly conserved residues. The alignment was performed using Clustal Omega. SDS-PAGE (b) and Western blot (c, d) analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. The protein molecular weight marker (kDa) is indicated on the left. SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBDs were included as controls. Antisera (1:3,000 dilution) from mice immunized with SARS-CoV RBD (c) and MERS-CoV RBD (d) were used for Western blot analysis"}