PMC:7081066 / 5977-10023 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7081066","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7081066","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7081066","text":"Results\n\nHomology analysis of the spike proteins of SARS-CoVs and related Bat-CoVs\nPhylogenetic analysis of the spike protein sequences of SARS-CoV-2 and Bat-CoVs, SARS-CoV is shown in Figure 1(Fig. 1). The results are in agreement with recent reports of an independent introduction of SARS-CoV-2 from a Bat-CoV, different from the spillover which led to the introduction of SARS-CoV, being the Bat-CoV of Rhinolophus affinis the probable ancestor of this new virus (Wong et al., 2020[18]). Indeed, the sequences of the whole spike of this Bat-CoV and of SARS-CoV-2 share 97.7 % identity (Figure 1(Fig. 1)). More divergence is found however in the S1 subunit, particularly in the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the different spike proteins. SARS-CoV and Bat-CoV from Rhinolophus sinicus (originally signaled as the most closely related virus to SARS-CoV-2) exhibit several amino acid substitutions and deletions in the RBD compared to SARS-CoV-2. The RBD of Bat-CoV from Rhinolophus affinis, although more closely related to the one of SAS-CoV-2, also displayed several amino acid substitutions (Figure 2(Fig. 2)).\n\nStructural analysis of Spike-ACE2 complexes\nThe crystal structures of the spike protein of SARS-CoV and homology models of Bat-CoV (accession number MG772933), Bat-CoV of Rhinolophus sinicus, and SARS-CoV-2 interacting with the putative binding domain site in human ACE2 were analyzed. The interaction pattern between the three viral spikes is quite similar. The main region of interaction with the putative cellular receptor counter-part is formed by fifteen residues ordered into a beta-sheet conformation surrounded by two capping loops (Figure 3(Fig. 3) and Supplementary Figure 1). Interestingly, sequence comparison between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV revealed that the residues present in the receptor-interacting motive are highly conserved with 70 % identity, sharing nine residues between both viruses. In the SARS-CoV RBD are present residues that allowed the interspecies infection, known as Y442, L472, N479, D480, and T487 (Lu et al., 2015[6]). However, in SARS-CoV-2, slight modification of some residues could improve the interaction with the human cellular receptor: L455, F486, Q493, and N501. In SARS-CoV, two main residues (479 and 487) have been associated to the recognition of the human ACE2 receptor (Lu et al., 2015[6]). These residues suffered a punctual mutation from civet to human, K479N and S487T (Li, 2013[5]). In the SARS-CoV-2, the residues corresponding to N479 correspond to Q493 and T487 to N501. These changes in the SARS-CoV-2 represent energetically favorable changes for the interaction with the receptor. The local environment present in the ACE2 receptor allows these mutations to produce a significant number of electrostatic stabilizing interactions (Table 1(Tab. 1)). Furthermore, as mentioned previously, the presence of the two capping loops in the binding domain is likely producing a stabilization effect over the interaction with the cellular receptor. Our models showed that these capping loops appear in both human-infecting viruses but are absent in the bat virus. The data showed here strongly suggest that these capping loops produce an increase in the electrostatic interactions between the spike protein and the cellular receptor. In SARS-CoV, the residues present in these capping loops showing direct interaction with the receptor are R426, S432, T433, Y436, P462, D463, S472, and N473 and in SARS-CoV-2 are V445, Y449, Y473, Q474, A475, E484, G485, F486, and N487. The counter-pairs located in the ACE2 receptor are shown in Table 1(Tab. 1). Altogether, the higher number of protein-protein contacts (Table 2(Tab. 2)) and the longer capping loops could explain the increase in binding affinities in SARS-CoV-2 (-15.7 Kcal/mol) in comparison with SARS-CoV (-14.1 Kcal/mol) (Table 3(Tab. 3)). Thus, these loops could play an important role together with the punctual mutations being an interesting clue to determine the host receptor specificity for the viral spike protein.","divisions":[{"label":"title","span":{"begin":0,"end":7}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":9,"end":1116}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":9,"end":82}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":83,"end":1116}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":1118,"end":1161}}],"tracks":[{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"170","span":{"begin":34,"end":39},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"171","span":{"begin":52,"end":61},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"193","span":{"begin":112,"end":117},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"194","span":{"begin":727,"end":732},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"195","span":{"begin":526,"end":531},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"196","span":{"begin":139,"end":149},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"197","span":{"begin":158,"end":162},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"198","span":{"begin":164,"end":172},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"199","span":{"begin":286,"end":296},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"200","span":{"begin":308,"end":311},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"201","span":{"begin":375,"end":383},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"202","span":{"begin":399,"end":402},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"203","span":{"begin":406,"end":425},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"204","span":{"begin":544,"end":547},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"205","span":{"begin":555,"end":565},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"206","span":{"begin":743,"end":751},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"207","span":{"begin":760,"end":763},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"208","span":{"begin":769,"end":788},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"209","span":{"begin":847,"end":857},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"210","span":{"begin":937,"end":947},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"211","span":{"begin":964,"end":967},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"212","span":{"begin":973,"end":992},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"213","span":{"begin":1042,"end":1047},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"216","span":{"begin":1141,"end":1146},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"217","span":{"begin":1147,"end":1151},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"249","span":{"begin":1192,"end":1197},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"250","span":{"begin":1384,"end":1388},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"251","span":{"begin":2324,"end":2328},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"252","span":{"begin":2697,"end":2701},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"253","span":{"begin":3261,"end":3266},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"254","span":{"begin":3572,"end":3576},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"255","span":{"begin":4032,"end":4037},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"256","span":{"begin":1209,"end":1217},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"257","span":{"begin":1245,"end":1248},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"258","span":{"begin":1282,"end":1285},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"259","span":{"begin":1289,"end":1308},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"260","span":{"begin":1314,"end":1324},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"261","span":{"begin":1378,"end":1383},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"262","span":{"begin":1748,"end":1758},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"263","span":{"begin":1763,"end":1771},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"264","span":{"begin":1934,"end":1942},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"265","span":{"begin":2085,"end":2095},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"266","span":{"begin":2173,"end":2178},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"267","span":{"begin":2229,"end":2237},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"268","span":{"begin":2318,"end":2323},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"269","span":{"begin":2418,"end":2423},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"270","span":{"begin":2463,"end":2473},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"271","span":{"begin":2568,"end":2578},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"272","span":{"begin":3075,"end":3080},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"273","span":{"begin":3305,"end":3313},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"274","span":{"begin":3466,"end":3476},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"275","span":{"begin":3773,"end":3783},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"276","span":{"begin":3820,"end":3828},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"277","span":{"begin":1998,"end":2007},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"278","span":{"begin":2425,"end":2430},"obj":"Mutation"},{"id":"279","span":{"begin":2435,"end":2440},"obj":"Mutation"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A170","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"170","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A171","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"171","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A193","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"193","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A194","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"194","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A195","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"195","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A196","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"196","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A197","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"197","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A198","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"198","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A199","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"199","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A200","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"200","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A201","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"201","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A202","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"202","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A203","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"203","obj":"Tax:59477"},{"id":"A204","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"204","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A205","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"205","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A206","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"206","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A207","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"207","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A208","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"208","obj":"Tax:89399"},{"id":"A209","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"209","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A210","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"210","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A211","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"211","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A212","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"212","obj":"Tax:59477"},{"id":"A213","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"213","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A216","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"216","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A217","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"217","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A249","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"249","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A250","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"250","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A251","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"251","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A252","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"252","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A253","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"253","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A254","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"254","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A255","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"255","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A256","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"256","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A257","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"257","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A258","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"258","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A259","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"259","obj":"Tax:89399"},{"id":"A260","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"260","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A261","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"261","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A262","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"262","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A263","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"263","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A264","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"264","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A265","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"265","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A266","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"266","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A267","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"267","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A268","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"268","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A269","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"269","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A270","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"270","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A271","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"271","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A272","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"272","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A273","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"273","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A274","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"274","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A275","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"275","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A276","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"276","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A277","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"277","obj":"MESH:D007239"},{"id":"A278","pred":"tao:has_standard_notation","subj":"278","obj":"p.K479N"},{"id":"A279","pred":"tao:has_standard_notation","subj":"279","obj":"p.S487T"},{"subj":"170","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"171","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"193","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"194","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"195","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"196","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"197","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"198","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"199","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"200","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"201","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"202","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"203","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"204","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"205","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"206","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"207","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"208","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"209","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"210","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"211","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"212","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"213","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"216","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"217","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"249","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"250","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"251","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"252","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"253","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"254","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"255","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"256","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"257","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"258","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"259","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"260","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"261","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"262","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"263","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"264","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"265","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"266","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"267","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"268","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"269","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"270","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"271","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"272","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"273","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"274","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"275","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"276","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"277","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"278","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"279","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":40,"end":48},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":118,"end":125},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":733,"end":741},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":875,"end":885},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":1072,"end":1082},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":1198,"end":1205},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":3267,"end":3274},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":3649,"end":3656},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":3657,"end":3664},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":4038,"end":4045},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A35","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T35","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A36","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T36","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A37","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T37","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A38","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T38","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739"},{"id":"A39","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T39","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739"},{"id":"A40","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T40","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A41","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T41","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A42","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T42","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A43","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T43","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A44","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T44","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"subj":"T35","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T36","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T37","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T38","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T39","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T40","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T41","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T42","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T43","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T44","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":52,"end":56},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":139,"end":147},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":164,"end":172},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":286,"end":294},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":375,"end":383},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":555,"end":563},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":743,"end":751},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":847,"end":855},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":937,"end":945},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":1209,"end":1217},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":1314,"end":1322},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":1748,"end":1756},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":1763,"end":1771},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":1934,"end":1942},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":1998,"end":2007},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":2085,"end":2093},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":2229,"end":2237},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":2463,"end":2471},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":2568,"end":2576},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":3305,"end":3313},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":3466,"end":3474},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":3773,"end":3781},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":3820,"end":3828},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A26","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A27","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A28","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T28","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A29","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T29","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A30","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T30","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A31","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T31","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A32","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T32","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A33","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T33","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A34","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T34","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A35","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T35","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A36","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T36","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A37","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T37","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A38","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T38","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A39","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T39","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A40","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T40","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A41","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T41","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A42","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T42","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A43","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T43","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A44","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T44","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A45","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T45","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A46","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T46","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A47","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T47","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A48","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T48","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"subj":"T26","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T27","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T28","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T29","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T30","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T31","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T32","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T33","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T34","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T35","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T36","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T37","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T38","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T39","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T40","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T41","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T42","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T43","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T44","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T45","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T46","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T47","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T48","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":302,"end":303},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":460,"end":465},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":485,"end":487},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":535,"end":543},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":648,"end":650},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050050"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":801,"end":809},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":838,"end":843},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":1038,"end":1041},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051568"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":1378,"end":1383},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":1600,"end":1601},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":1918,"end":1925},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":2173,"end":2178},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":2318,"end":2323},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":2384,"end":2385},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":2418,"end":2423},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":2442,"end":2444},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001022"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":2442,"end":2444},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007314"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":2745,"end":2746},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":2945,"end":2946},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":3075,"end":3080},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":3091,"end":3098},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":3121,"end":3124},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":3125,"end":3130},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T34","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T35","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T36","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T37","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T38","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T39","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T40","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T41","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T42","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T43","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T44","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T45","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T46","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T47","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T48","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T49","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T50","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T51","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T52","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T53","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T54","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T55","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T56","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":40,"end":48},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":118,"end":125},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":733,"end":741},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":875,"end":885},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":875,"end":880},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":881,"end":885},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":1072,"end":1082},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":1072,"end":1077},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":1078,"end":1082},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":1198,"end":1205},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":1602,"end":1606},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":2052,"end":2054},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":2339,"end":2341},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":2442,"end":2444},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":3267,"end":3274},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":3649,"end":3656},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":3657,"end":3664},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":4038,"end":4045},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A41","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T41","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A42","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T42","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A43","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T43","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A44","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T44","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709"},{"id":"A45","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T45","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882"},{"id":"A46","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T46","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527"},{"id":"A47","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T47","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709"},{"id":"A48","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T48","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882"},{"id":"A49","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T49","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527"},{"id":"A50","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T50","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A51","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T51","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545"},{"id":"A52","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T52","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33382"},{"id":"A53","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T53","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33382"},{"id":"A54","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T54","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30145"},{"id":"A55","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T55","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A56","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T56","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A57","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T57","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A58","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T58","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"subj":"T41","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T42","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T43","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T44","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T45","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T46","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T47","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T48","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T49","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T50","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T51","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T52","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T53","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T54","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T55","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T56","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T57","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T58","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":0,"end":7},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":9,"end":82},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":83,"end":202},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":203,"end":490},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":491,"end":607},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":608,"end":742},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":743,"end":948},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":949,"end":1116},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":1118,"end":1161},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T61","span":{"begin":1162,"end":1403},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T62","span":{"begin":1404,"end":1476},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T63","span":{"begin":1477,"end":1704},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T64","span":{"begin":1705,"end":1926},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":1927,"end":2072},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":2073,"end":2225},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T67","span":{"begin":2226,"end":2359},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T68","span":{"begin":2360,"end":2455},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T69","span":{"begin":2456,"end":2546},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T70","span":{"begin":2547,"end":2659},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T71","span":{"begin":2660,"end":2821},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T72","span":{"begin":2822,"end":2826},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T73","span":{"begin":2827,"end":3016},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T74","span":{"begin":3017,"end":3131},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T75","span":{"begin":3132,"end":3301},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T76","span":{"begin":3302,"end":3538},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T77","span":{"begin":3539,"end":3611},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T78","span":{"begin":3612,"end":3615},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T79","span":{"begin":3616,"end":3687},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T80","span":{"begin":3688,"end":3859},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T81","span":{"begin":3860,"end":3864},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T82","span":{"begin":3865,"end":4046},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T52","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T53","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T54","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T55","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T56","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T57","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T58","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T59","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T60","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T61","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T62","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T63","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T64","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T65","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T66","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T67","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T68","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T69","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T70","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T71","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T72","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T73","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T74","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T75","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T76","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T77","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T78","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T79","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T80","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T81","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T82","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"}]},{"project":"MyTest","denotations":[{"id":"32210742-26206723-29811235","span":{"begin":2068,"end":2069},"obj":"26206723"},{"id":"32210742-26206723-29811236","span":{"begin":2355,"end":2356},"obj":"26206723"},{"id":"32210742-23994189-29811237","span":{"begin":2451,"end":2452},"obj":"23994189"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/testbase"},{"prefix":"UniProtKB","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/"},{"prefix":"uniprot","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"32210742-26206723-29811235","pred":"source","obj":"MyTest"},{"subj":"32210742-26206723-29811236","pred":"source","obj":"MyTest"},{"subj":"32210742-23994189-29811237","pred":"source","obj":"MyTest"}]},{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32210742-26206723-29811235","span":{"begin":2068,"end":2069},"obj":"26206723"},{"id":"32210742-26206723-29811236","span":{"begin":2355,"end":2356},"obj":"26206723"},{"id":"32210742-23994189-29811237","span":{"begin":2451,"end":2452},"obj":"23994189"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"32210742-26206723-29811235","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"32210742-26206723-29811236","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"32210742-23994189-29811237","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"LitCovid-PubTator","color":"#ba93ec","default":true},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","color":"#93eca0"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","color":"#ec939f"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","color":"#93b9ec"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","color":"#d3ec93"},{"id":"LitCovid-sentences","color":"#ea93ec"},{"id":"MyTest","color":"#93ecd0"},{"id":"2_test","color":"#ecb693"}]}]}}