PMC:7081066 / 5977-10023
Annnotations
LitCovid-PubTator
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | tao:has_database_id | tao:has_standard_notation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
170 | 34-39 | Gene | denotes | spike | Gene:43740568 | |
171 | 52-61 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoVs | Tax:694009 | |
193 | 112-117 | Gene | denotes | spike | Gene:43740568 | |
194 | 727-732 | Gene | denotes | spike | Gene:43740568 | |
195 | 526-531 | Gene | denotes | spike | Gene:43740568 | |
196 | 139-149 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
197 | 158-162 | Species | denotes | CoVs | Tax:11118 | |
198 | 164-172 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 | |
199 | 286-296 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
200 | 308-311 | Species | denotes | CoV | Tax:11118 | |
201 | 375-383 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 | |
202 | 399-402 | Species | denotes | CoV | Tax:11118 | |
203 | 406-425 | Species | denotes | Rhinolophus affinis | Tax:59477 | |
204 | 544-547 | Species | denotes | CoV | Tax:11118 | |
205 | 555-565 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
206 | 743-751 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 | |
207 | 760-763 | Species | denotes | CoV | Tax:11118 | |
208 | 769-788 | Species | denotes | Rhinolophus sinicus | Tax:89399 | |
209 | 847-857 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
210 | 937-947 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
211 | 964-967 | Species | denotes | CoV | Tax:11118 | |
212 | 973-992 | Species | denotes | Rhinolophus affinis | Tax:59477 | |
213 | 1042-1047 | Species | denotes | CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
216 | 1141-1146 | Gene | denotes | Spike | Gene:43740568 | |
217 | 1147-1151 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 | |
249 | 1192-1197 | Gene | denotes | spike | Gene:43740568 | |
250 | 1384-1388 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 | |
251 | 2324-2328 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 | |
252 | 2697-2701 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 | |
253 | 3261-3266 | Gene | denotes | spike | Gene:43740568 | |
254 | 3572-3576 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 | |
255 | 4032-4037 | Gene | denotes | spike | Gene:43740568 | |
256 | 1209-1217 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 | |
257 | 1245-1248 | Species | denotes | CoV | Tax:11118 | |
258 | 1282-1285 | Species | denotes | CoV | Tax:11118 | |
259 | 1289-1308 | Species | denotes | Rhinolophus sinicus | Tax:89399 | |
260 | 1314-1324 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
261 | 1378-1383 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 | |
262 | 1748-1758 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
263 | 1763-1771 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 | |
264 | 1934-1942 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 | |
265 | 2085-2095 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
266 | 2173-2178 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 | |
267 | 2229-2237 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 | |
268 | 2318-2323 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 | |
269 | 2418-2423 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 | |
270 | 2463-2473 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
271 | 2568-2578 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
272 | 3075-3080 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 | |
273 | 3305-3313 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 | |
274 | 3466-3476 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
275 | 3773-3783 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 | |
276 | 3820-3828 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 | |
277 | 1998-2007 | Disease | denotes | infection | MESH:D007239 | |
278 | 2425-2430 | Mutation | denotes | K479N | p.K479N | |
279 | 2435-2440 | Mutation | denotes | S487T | p.S487T |
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | fma_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T35 | 40-48 | Body_part | denotes | proteins | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T36 | 118-125 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T37 | 733-741 | Body_part | denotes | proteins | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T38 | 875-885 | Body_part | denotes | amino acid | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739 |
T39 | 1072-1082 | Body_part | denotes | amino acid | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739 |
T40 | 1198-1205 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T41 | 3267-3274 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T42 | 3649-3656 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T43 | 3657-3664 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T44 | 4038-4045 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | mondo_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T26 | 52-56 | Disease | denotes | SARS | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T27 | 139-147 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T28 | 164-172 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T29 | 286-294 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T30 | 375-383 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T31 | 555-563 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T32 | 743-751 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T33 | 847-855 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T34 | 937-945 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T35 | 1209-1217 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T36 | 1314-1322 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T37 | 1748-1756 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T38 | 1763-1771 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T39 | 1934-1942 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T40 | 1998-2007 | Disease | denotes | infection | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
T41 | 2085-2093 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T42 | 2229-2237 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T43 | 2463-2471 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T44 | 2568-2576 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T45 | 3305-3313 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T46 | 3466-3474 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T47 | 3773-3781 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T48 | 3820-3828 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
LitCovid-PD-CLO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T34 | 302-303 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T35 | 460-465 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T36 | 485-487 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 | denotes | 18 |
T37 | 535-543 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 | denotes | this Bat |
T38 | 648-650 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050050 | denotes | S1 |
T39 | 801-809 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 | denotes | signaled |
T40 | 838-843 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T41 | 1038-1041 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051568 | denotes | SAS |
T42 | 1378-1383 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T43 | 1600-1601 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T44 | 1918-1925 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | viruses |
T45 | 2173-2178 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T46 | 2318-2323 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T47 | 2384-2385 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T48 | 2418-2423 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T49 | 2442-2444 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001022 | denotes | Li |
T50 | 2442-2444 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007314 | denotes | Li |
T51 | 2745-2746 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T52 | 2945-2946 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T53 | 3075-3080 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T54 | 3091-3098 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | viruses |
T55 | 3121-3124 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 | denotes | bat |
T56 | 3125-3130 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | chebi_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T41 | 40-48 | Chemical | denotes | proteins | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T42 | 118-125 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T43 | 733-741 | Chemical | denotes | proteins | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T44 | 875-885 | Chemical | denotes | amino acid | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 |
T45 | 875-880 | Chemical | denotes | amino | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882 |
T46 | 881-885 | Chemical | denotes | acid | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527 |
T47 | 1072-1082 | Chemical | denotes | amino acid | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 |
T48 | 1072-1077 | Chemical | denotes | amino | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882 |
T49 | 1078-1082 | Chemical | denotes | acid | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527 |
T50 | 1198-1205 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T51 | 1602-1606 | Chemical | denotes | beta | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545 |
T52 | 2052-2054 | Chemical | denotes | Lu | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33382 |
T53 | 2339-2341 | Chemical | denotes | Lu | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33382 |
T54 | 2442-2444 | Chemical | denotes | Li | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30145 |
T55 | 3267-3274 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T56 | 3649-3656 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T57 | 3657-3664 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T58 | 4038-4045 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
LitCovid-sentences
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T52 | 0-7 | Sentence | denotes | Results |
T53 | 9-82 | Sentence | denotes | Homology analysis of the spike proteins of SARS-CoVs and related Bat-CoVs |
T54 | 83-202 | Sentence | denotes | Phylogenetic analysis of the spike protein sequences of SARS-CoV-2 and Bat-CoVs, SARS-CoV is shown in Figure 1(Fig. 1). |
T55 | 203-490 | Sentence | denotes | The results are in agreement with recent reports of an independent introduction of SARS-CoV-2 from a Bat-CoV, different from the spillover which led to the introduction of SARS-CoV, being the Bat-CoV of Rhinolophus affinis the probable ancestor of this new virus (Wong et al., 2020[18]). |
T56 | 491-607 | Sentence | denotes | Indeed, the sequences of the whole spike of this Bat-CoV and of SARS-CoV-2 share 97.7 % identity (Figure 1(Fig. 1)). |
T57 | 608-742 | Sentence | denotes | More divergence is found however in the S1 subunit, particularly in the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the different spike proteins. |
T58 | 743-948 | Sentence | denotes | SARS-CoV and Bat-CoV from Rhinolophus sinicus (originally signaled as the most closely related virus to SARS-CoV-2) exhibit several amino acid substitutions and deletions in the RBD compared to SARS-CoV-2. |
T59 | 949-1116 | Sentence | denotes | The RBD of Bat-CoV from Rhinolophus affinis, although more closely related to the one of SAS-CoV-2, also displayed several amino acid substitutions (Figure 2(Fig. 2)). |
T60 | 1118-1161 | Sentence | denotes | Structural analysis of Spike-ACE2 complexes |
T61 | 1162-1403 | Sentence | denotes | The crystal structures of the spike protein of SARS-CoV and homology models of Bat-CoV (accession number MG772933), Bat-CoV of Rhinolophus sinicus, and SARS-CoV-2 interacting with the putative binding domain site in human ACE2 were analyzed. |
T62 | 1404-1476 | Sentence | denotes | The interaction pattern between the three viral spikes is quite similar. |
T63 | 1477-1704 | Sentence | denotes | The main region of interaction with the putative cellular receptor counter-part is formed by fifteen residues ordered into a beta-sheet conformation surrounded by two capping loops (Figure 3(Fig. 3) and Supplementary Figure 1). |
T64 | 1705-1926 | Sentence | denotes | Interestingly, sequence comparison between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV revealed that the residues present in the receptor-interacting motive are highly conserved with 70 % identity, sharing nine residues between both viruses. |
T65 | 1927-2072 | Sentence | denotes | In the SARS-CoV RBD are present residues that allowed the interspecies infection, known as Y442, L472, N479, D480, and T487 (Lu et al., 2015[6]). |
T66 | 2073-2225 | Sentence | denotes | However, in SARS-CoV-2, slight modification of some residues could improve the interaction with the human cellular receptor: L455, F486, Q493, and N501. |
T67 | 2226-2359 | Sentence | denotes | In SARS-CoV, two main residues (479 and 487) have been associated to the recognition of the human ACE2 receptor (Lu et al., 2015[6]). |
T68 | 2360-2455 | Sentence | denotes | These residues suffered a punctual mutation from civet to human, K479N and S487T (Li, 2013[5]). |
T69 | 2456-2546 | Sentence | denotes | In the SARS-CoV-2, the residues corresponding to N479 correspond to Q493 and T487 to N501. |
T70 | 2547-2659 | Sentence | denotes | These changes in the SARS-CoV-2 represent energetically favorable changes for the interaction with the receptor. |
T71 | 2660-2821 | Sentence | denotes | The local environment present in the ACE2 receptor allows these mutations to produce a significant number of electrostatic stabilizing interactions (Table 1(Tab. |
T72 | 2822-2826 | Sentence | denotes | 1)). |
T73 | 2827-3016 | Sentence | denotes | Furthermore, as mentioned previously, the presence of the two capping loops in the binding domain is likely producing a stabilization effect over the interaction with the cellular receptor. |
T74 | 3017-3131 | Sentence | denotes | Our models showed that these capping loops appear in both human-infecting viruses but are absent in the bat virus. |
T75 | 3132-3301 | Sentence | denotes | The data showed here strongly suggest that these capping loops produce an increase in the electrostatic interactions between the spike protein and the cellular receptor. |
T76 | 3302-3538 | Sentence | denotes | In SARS-CoV, the residues present in these capping loops showing direct interaction with the receptor are R426, S432, T433, Y436, P462, D463, S472, and N473 and in SARS-CoV-2 are V445, Y449, Y473, Q474, A475, E484, G485, F486, and N487. |
T77 | 3539-3611 | Sentence | denotes | The counter-pairs located in the ACE2 receptor are shown in Table 1(Tab. |
T78 | 3612-3615 | Sentence | denotes | 1). |
T79 | 3616-3687 | Sentence | denotes | Altogether, the higher number of protein-protein contacts (Table 2(Tab. |
T80 | 3688-3859 | Sentence | denotes | 2)) and the longer capping loops could explain the increase in binding affinities in SARS-CoV-2 (-15.7 Kcal/mol) in comparison with SARS-CoV (-14.1 Kcal/mol) (Table 3(Tab. |
T81 | 3860-3864 | Sentence | denotes | 3)). |
T82 | 3865-4046 | Sentence | denotes | Thus, these loops could play an important role together with the punctual mutations being an interesting clue to determine the host receptor specificity for the viral spike protein. |
MyTest
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
32210742-26206723-29811235 | 2068-2069 | 26206723 | denotes | 6 |
32210742-26206723-29811236 | 2355-2356 | 26206723 | denotes | 6 |
32210742-23994189-29811237 | 2451-2452 | 23994189 | denotes | 5 |
2_test
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
32210742-26206723-29811235 | 2068-2069 | 26206723 | denotes | 6 |
32210742-26206723-29811236 | 2355-2356 | 26206723 | denotes | 6 |
32210742-23994189-29811237 | 2451-2452 | 23994189 | denotes | 5 |