PMC:7079563 / 10844-13003 JSONTXT

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    LitCovid-PubTator

    {"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"299","span":{"begin":26,"end":45},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"329","span":{"begin":1049,"end":1058},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"330","span":{"begin":115,"end":123},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"331","span":{"begin":128,"end":136},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"332","span":{"begin":143,"end":151},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"333","span":{"begin":262,"end":270},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"334","span":{"begin":504,"end":513},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"335","span":{"begin":514,"end":522},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"336","span":{"begin":597,"end":605},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"337","span":{"begin":609,"end":617},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"338","span":{"begin":845,"end":853},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"339","span":{"begin":969,"end":977},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"340","span":{"begin":982,"end":990},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"341","span":{"begin":71,"end":90},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"342","span":{"begin":160,"end":165},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"343","span":{"begin":167,"end":176},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"344","span":{"begin":178,"end":185},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"345","span":{"begin":276,"end":295},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"346","span":{"begin":381,"end":392},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"347","span":{"begin":573,"end":581},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"348","span":{"begin":634,"end":653},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"349","span":{"begin":682,"end":717},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"350","span":{"begin":719,"end":731},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"351","span":{"begin":733,"end":751},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"352","span":{"begin":757,"end":765},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"353","span":{"begin":770,"end":793},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"354","span":{"begin":830,"end":844},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"355","span":{"begin":879,"end":884},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"356","span":{"begin":940,"end":945},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"357","span":{"begin":992,"end":1012},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"365","span":{"begin":1083,"end":1092},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"366","span":{"begin":1120,"end":1128},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"367","span":{"begin":1365,"end":1373},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"368","span":{"begin":1753,"end":1762},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"369","span":{"begin":1908,"end":1917},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"370","span":{"begin":2095,"end":2103},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"371","span":{"begin":1851,"end":1860},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A299","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"299","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A330","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"330","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A331","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"331","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A332","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"332","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A333","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"333","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A334","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"334","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A335","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"335","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A336","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"336","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A337","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"337","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A338","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"338","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A339","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"339","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A340","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"340","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A341","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"341","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A342","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"342","obj":"MESH:D005334"},{"id":"A343","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"343","obj":"MESH:D003371"},{"id":"A344","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"344","obj":"MESH:D004417"},{"id":"A345","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"345","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A346","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"346","obj":"MESH:D010608"},{"id":"A347","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"347","obj":"MESH:D003967"},{"id":"A348","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"348","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A349","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"349","obj":"MESH:D012128"},{"id":"A350","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"350","obj":"MESH:D012772"},{"id":"A351","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"351","obj":"MESH:D000138"},{"id":"A352","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"352","obj":"MESH:D006470"},{"id":"A353","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"353","obj":"MESH:D001778"},{"id":"A354","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"354","obj":"MESH:D016638"},{"id":"A355","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"355","obj":"MESH:D005334"},{"id":"A356","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"356","obj":"MESH:D005334"},{"id":"A357","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"357","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A365","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"365","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A366","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"366","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A367","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"367","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A368","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"368","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A369","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"369","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A370","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"370","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A371","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"371","obj":"MESH:D007239"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection\nThe clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18]. However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17]. In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17]. In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3]. Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].\nThe epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV. The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19]. However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week. Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission. On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20]. Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":227,"end":232},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":386,"end":392},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":443,"end":466},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":534,"end":544},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1049,"end":1058},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1421,"end":1444},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A2","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9576"},{"id":"A3","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma228738"},{"id":"A4","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45662"},{"id":"A5","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7199"},{"id":"A6","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050"},{"id":"A7","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45661"}],"text":"2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection\nThe clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18]. However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17]. In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17]. In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3]. Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].\nThe epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV. The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19]. However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week. Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission. On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20]. Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-UBERON

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":227,"end":232},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":386,"end":392},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":443,"end":466},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":449,"end":466},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1421,"end":1444},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1427,"end":1444},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A3","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443"},{"id":"A4","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341"},{"id":"A5","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558"},{"id":"A6","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"},{"id":"A7","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557"},{"id":"A8","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"}],"text":"2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection\nThe clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18]. However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17]. In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17]. In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3]. Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].\nThe epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV. The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19]. However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week. Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission. On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20]. Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic."}

    LitCovid_AGAC

    {"project":"LitCovid_AGAC","denotations":[{"id":"p22323s16","span":{"begin":1020,"end":1058},"obj":"MPA"}],"text":"2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection\nThe clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18]. However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17]. In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17]. In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3]. Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].\nThe epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV. The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19]. However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week. Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission. On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20]. Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-MONDO

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":26,"end":45},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":36,"end":45},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":71,"end":90},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":81,"end":90},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":115,"end":123},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":276,"end":295},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":286,"end":295},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":381,"end":392},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":573,"end":581},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":609,"end":617},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":634,"end":653},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":644,"end":653},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":682,"end":717},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":688,"end":717},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":733,"end":751},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":743,"end":751},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":969,"end":977},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":992,"end":1012},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":1120,"end":1128},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":1365,"end":1373},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":1851,"end":1860},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A39","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T39","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A40","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T40","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A41","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T41","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A42","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T42","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A43","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T43","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A44","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T44","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A45","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T45","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A46","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T46","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002258"},{"id":"A47","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T47","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001673"},{"id":"A48","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T48","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A49","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T49","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A50","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T50","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A51","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T51","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502"},{"id":"A52","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T52","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009971"},{"id":"A53","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T53","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000440"},{"id":"A54","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T54","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006022"},{"id":"A55","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T55","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A56","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T56","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A57","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T57","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A58","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T58","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A59","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T59","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"}],"text":"2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection\nThe clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18]. However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17]. In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17]. In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3]. Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].\nThe epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV. The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19]. However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week. Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission. On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20]. Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-CLO

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":227,"end":232},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000965"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":415,"end":420},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":443,"end":466},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558"},{"id":"T61","span":{"begin":534,"end":544},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000160"},{"id":"T62","span":{"begin":534,"end":544},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000834"},{"id":"T63","span":{"begin":1155,"end":1162},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T64","span":{"begin":1815,"end":1816},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":2023,"end":2032},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000876"}],"text":"2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection\nThe clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18]. However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17]. In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17]. In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3]. Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].\nThe epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV. The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19]. However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week. Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission. On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20]. Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":770,"end":781},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050817"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1445,"end":1455},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903"}],"text":"2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection\nThe clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18]. However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17]. In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17]. In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3]. Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].\nThe epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV. The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19]. However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week. Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission. On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20]. Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic."}

    LitCovid-sentences

    {"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":0,"end":45},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T84","span":{"begin":46,"end":137},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T85","span":{"begin":138,"end":252},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T86","span":{"begin":253,"end":474},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T87","span":{"begin":475,"end":623},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T88","span":{"begin":624,"end":794},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T89","span":{"begin":795,"end":950},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T90","span":{"begin":951,"end":1066},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T91","span":{"begin":1067,"end":1129},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T92","span":{"begin":1130,"end":1355},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T93","span":{"begin":1356,"end":1561},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T94","span":{"begin":1562,"end":1731},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":1732,"end":1895},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":1896,"end":2159},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection\nThe clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18]. However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17]. In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17]. In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3]. Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].\nThe epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV. The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19]. However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week. Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission. On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20]. Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-HP

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":160,"end":165},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":167,"end":176},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":178,"end":185},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":381,"end":392},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":573,"end":581},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":688,"end":708},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":726,"end":731},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":733,"end":751},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":879,"end":884},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":940,"end":945},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A16","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945"},{"id":"A17","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031246"},{"id":"A18","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T18","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002094"},{"id":"A19","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T19","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033050"},{"id":"A20","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T20","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002014"},{"id":"A21","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T21","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098"},{"id":"A22","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031273"},{"id":"A23","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001942"},{"id":"A24","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945"},{"id":"A25","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945"}],"text":"2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection\nThe clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18]. However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17]. In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17]. In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3]. Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].\nThe epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV. The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19]. However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week. Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission. On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20]. Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic."}

    2_test

    {"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32087334-31986261-69694998","span":{"begin":243,"end":244},"obj":"31986261"},{"id":"32087334-31986264-69694999","span":{"begin":245,"end":247},"obj":"31986264"},{"id":"32087334-32007143-69695000","span":{"begin":248,"end":250},"obj":"32007143"},{"id":"32087334-31986261-69695001","span":{"begin":468,"end":469},"obj":"31986261"},{"id":"32087334-31986264-69695002","span":{"begin":470,"end":472},"obj":"31986264"},{"id":"32087334-31986264-69695003","span":{"begin":619,"end":621},"obj":"31986264"},{"id":"32087334-31978945-69695004","span":{"begin":1060,"end":1061},"obj":"31978945"},{"id":"32087334-31986264-69695005","span":{"begin":1062,"end":1064},"obj":"31986264"},{"id":"32087334-31978945-69695006","span":{"begin":1884,"end":1885},"obj":"31978945"},{"id":"32087334-31986261-69695007","span":{"begin":1886,"end":1887},"obj":"31986261"},{"id":"32087334-31986264-69695008","span":{"begin":1888,"end":1890},"obj":"31986264"}],"text":"2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection\nThe clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18]. However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17]. In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17]. In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction. It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3]. Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].\nThe epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV. The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19]. However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week. Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission. On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20]. Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic."}