PMC:7060195 / 3871-5297 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7060195","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7060195","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7060195","text":"Accumulated releases of SARS-CoV-2 genomes such as GenBank accession numbers MN908947.3, MN975262.1, NC_045512.2, MN997409.1, MN985325.1, MN988669.1, MN988668.1, MN994468.1, MN994467.1, MN988713.1, and MN938384.1 facilitate the development of virus-based subunit vaccines. SARS-CoV-2, which is similar to SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), is an enveloped, single- and positive-stranded RNA virus with a genome comprising 29,891 nucleotides, which encode the 12 putative open reading frames responsible for the synthesis of viral structural and nonstructural proteins7,10. A mature SARS-CoV-2 has four structural proteins, namely, envelope (E), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N), and spike (S)10. All these proteins may serve as antigens to stimulate neutralizing antibodies and increase CD4+/CD8+ T-cell responses8,9. However, subunit vaccines require multiple booster shots and suitable adjuvants to work, and certain subunit vaccines such as hepatitis B surface antigen, PreS1, and PreS2 may fail to yield protective response when tested clinically11. The DNA and mRNA vaccines that are easier to design and proceed into clinical trials very quickly remain experimental. The viral vector-based vaccines could also be quickly constructed and used without an adjuvant12. However, development of such vaccines might not start until antigens containing the neutralizing epitopes are identified8.","tracks":[{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"99","span":{"begin":676,"end":677},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"100","span":{"begin":680,"end":688},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"101","span":{"begin":690,"end":691},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"102","span":{"begin":708,"end":709},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"103","span":{"begin":716,"end":721},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"104","span":{"begin":723,"end":724},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"105","span":{"begin":820,"end":823},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"106","span":{"begin":825,"end":828},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"107","span":{"begin":694,"end":706},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"108","span":{"begin":24,"end":34},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"109","span":{"begin":273,"end":283},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"110","span":{"begin":305,"end":313},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"111","span":{"begin":318,"end":373},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"112","span":{"begin":617,"end":627},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"113","span":{"begin":977,"end":986},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"114","span":{"begin":77,"end":87},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"115","span":{"begin":89,"end":99},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"116","span":{"begin":114,"end":124},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"117","span":{"begin":126,"end":136},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"118","span":{"begin":138,"end":148},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"119","span":{"begin":150,"end":160},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"120","span":{"begin":162,"end":172},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"121","span":{"begin":174,"end":184},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"122","span":{"begin":186,"end":196},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"123","span":{"begin":202,"end":212},"obj":"CellLine"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A99","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"99","obj":"Gene:43740570"},{"id":"A100","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"100","obj":"Gene:43740571"},{"id":"A101","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"101","obj":"Gene:43740571"},{"id":"A102","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"102","obj":"Gene:43740575"},{"id":"A103","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"103","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A104","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"104","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A105","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"105","obj":"Gene:920"},{"id":"A106","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"106","obj":"Gene:925"},{"id":"A107","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"107","obj":"Gene:43740575"},{"id":"A108","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"108","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A109","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"109","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A110","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"110","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A111","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"111","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A112","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"112","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A113","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"113","obj":"MESH:D056486"},{"id":"A114","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"114","obj":"CVCL:U508"},{"id":"A115","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"115","obj":"CVCL:U508"},{"id":"A116","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"116","obj":"CVCL:U508"},{"id":"A117","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"117","obj":"CVCL:U508"},{"id":"A118","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"118","obj":"CVCL:U508"},{"id":"A119","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"119","obj":"CVCL:U508"},{"id":"A120","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"120","obj":"CVCL:U508"},{"id":"A121","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"121","obj":"CVCL:U508"},{"id":"A122","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"122","obj":"CVCL:U508"},{"id":"A123","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"123","obj":"CVCL:U508"},{"subj":"99","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"100","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"101","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"102","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"103","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"104","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"105","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"106","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"107","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"108","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"109","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"110","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"111","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"112","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"113","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"114","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"115","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"116","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"117","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"118","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"119","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"120","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"121","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"122","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"123","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":35,"end":42},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":422,"end":425},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":439,"end":445},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":464,"end":475},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":648,"end":656},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":739,"end":747},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":832,"end":836},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1091,"end":1094},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1099,"end":1103},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A7","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A8","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095"},{"id":"A9","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A10","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82740"},{"id":"A11","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A12","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A13","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A14","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74412"},{"id":"A15","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67122"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T14","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T15","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":977,"end":986},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A8","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012115"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-HP"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":24,"end":32},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":273,"end":281},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":305,"end":313},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":617,"end":625},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":977,"end":988},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":977,"end":986},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A23","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A24","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A25","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A26","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A27","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005344"},{"id":"A28","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T28","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002251"},{"subj":"T23","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T24","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T25","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T26","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T27","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T28","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":243,"end":248},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":426,"end":431},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":437,"end":438},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":608,"end":609},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":628,"end":631},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":680,"end":688},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":820,"end":823},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001004"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":825,"end":828},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053438"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":830,"end":836},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":987,"end":988},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1066,"end":1072},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T24","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T25","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T26","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T27","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T28","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T29","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T30","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T31","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T32","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T33","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T34","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":464,"end":475},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":648,"end":656},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":739,"end":747},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":761,"end":769},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":921,"end":930},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":997,"end":1004},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1091,"end":1094},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1364,"end":1372},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A9","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976"},{"id":"A10","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A11","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A12","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59132"},{"id":"A13","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60809"},{"id":"A14","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59132"},{"id":"A15","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16991"},{"id":"A16","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59132"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T14","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T15","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T16","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":546,"end":555},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":0,"end":272},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":273,"end":607},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":608,"end":728},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":729,"end":850},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":851,"end":1086},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1087,"end":1205},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":1206,"end":1303},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":1304,"end":1426},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T29","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T30","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T31","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T32","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T33","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T34","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T35","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T36","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"LitCovid-PubTator","color":"#eb93ec","default":true},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","color":"#93ecd1"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-HP","color":"#ecb793"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","color":"#9d93ec"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","color":"#a2ec93"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","color":"#ec93bd"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","color":"#93d7ec"},{"id":"LitCovid-sentences","color":"#ece793"}]}]}}