PMC:7048180 / 1661-10991
Annnotations
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | fma_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T6 | 977-984 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T7 | 1046-1058 | Body_part | denotes | glycoprotein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62925 |
T8 | 1106-1122 | Body_part | denotes | epithelial cells | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66768 |
T9 | 1117-1122 | Body_part | denotes | cells | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646 |
T10 | 1143-1155 | Body_part | denotes | cell surface | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653 |
T11 | 1143-1147 | Body_part | denotes | cell | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646 |
T12 | 1236-1246 | Body_part | denotes | amino acid | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739 |
T13 | 1309-1316 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T14 | 2037-2045 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T15 | 2546-2554 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T16 | 2902-2910 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T17 | 3076-3083 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T18 | 3260-3272 | Body_part | denotes | glycoprotein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62925 |
T19 | 3282-3289 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T20 | 3569-3576 | Body_part | denotes | Protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T21 | 4343-4350 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T22 | 4802-4807 | Body_part | denotes | helix | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma60992 |
T23 | 4907-4915 | Body_part | denotes | arginine | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82763 |
T24 | 5126-5132 | Body_part | denotes | lysine | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82758 |
T25 | 5172-5178 | Body_part | denotes | valine | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82766 |
T26 | 5331-5338 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T27 | 5718-5725 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T28 | 5883-5890 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T29 | 6169-6177 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T30 | 6493-6501 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T31 | 6549-6557 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T32 | 6877-6885 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T33 | 7141-7149 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T34 | 7168-7173 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670 |
T35 | 7234-7242 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T36 | 7279-7286 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T37 | 7647-7655 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
T38 | 8375-8382 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
T39 | 8542-8550 | Body_part | denotes | antibody | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871 |
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | uberon_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 4802-4807 | Body_part | denotes | helix | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002488 |
T2 | 7168-7173 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 |
LitCovid_AGAC
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
p8111s23 | 4986-4995 | NegReg | denotes | abolished |
p8111s25 | 5000-5006 | MPA | denotes | strong |
p8111s26 | 5007-5025 | MPA | denotes | polar interactions |
p8111s33 | 5046-5054 | NegReg | denotes | decrease |
p8111s36 | 5062-5086 | Interaction | denotes | binding affinity between |
p8112s39 | 5276-5291 | MPA | denotes | binding ability |
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | mondo_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T10 | 223-236 | Disease | denotes | infections in | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
T11 | 479-498 | Disease | denotes | 2019-nCoV infection | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
T12 | 489-498 | Disease | denotes | infection | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
T13 | 685-718 | Disease | denotes | severe acute respiratory syndrome | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T14 | 771-775 | Disease | denotes | SARS | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T15 | 887-891 | Disease | denotes | SARS | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T16 | 905-913 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T17 | 992-1000 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T18 | 1442-1450 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T19 | 1523-1531 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T20 | 1807-1815 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T21 | 1922-1930 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T22 | 1979-1987 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T23 | 2179-2187 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T24 | 2248-2250 | Disease | denotes | VL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024555 |
T25 | 2386-2388 | Disease | denotes | VL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024555 |
T26 | 2424-2432 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T27 | 2682-2690 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T28 | 2718-2726 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T29 | 2816-2824 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T30 | 3035-3043 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T31 | 3507-3515 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T32 | 3613-3621 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T33 | 3705-3713 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T34 | 3783-3791 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T35 | 3800-3808 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T36 | 3890-3898 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T37 | 4528-4536 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T38 | 4811-4819 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T39 | 4925-4933 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T40 | 5188-5196 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T41 | 5396-5404 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T42 | 5703-5711 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T43 | 5965-5973 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T44 | 6859-6867 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T45 | 7192-7196 | Disease | denotes | SARS | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T46 | 7799-7807 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T47 | 7955-7963 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T48 | 8232-8240 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T49 | 8335-8343 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T50 | 8600-8608 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T51 | 8795-8803 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T52 | 9066-9086 | Disease | denotes | 2019-nCoV infections | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
T53 | 9151-9159 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
LitCovid-PD-CLO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T11 | 15-16 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T12 | 162-165 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T13 | 178-179 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T14 | 217-222 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T15 | 270-273 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054061 | denotes | 132 |
T16 | 607-608 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 | denotes | B |
T17 | 672-675 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 | denotes | bat |
T18 | 679-684 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T19 | 767-770 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 | denotes | bat |
T20 | 812-813 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T21 | 838-839 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T22 | 1023-1024 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T23 | 1088-1093 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T24 | 1106-1116 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 | denotes | epithelial |
T25 | 1117-1122 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 | denotes | cells |
T26 | 1143-1147 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 | denotes | cell |
T27 | 1556-1561 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T28 | 1565-1566 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T29 | 1837-1838 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 | denotes | b |
T30 | 2022-2023 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T31 | 2217-2218 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T32 | 2563-2565 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 | denotes | 11 |
T33 | 3216-3217 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T34 | 3364-3370 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 | denotes | tested |
T35 | 3456-3457 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 | denotes | b |
T36 | 4213-4214 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T37 | 4215-4218 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 | denotes | 1:1 |
T38 | 4449-4454 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T39 | 4831-4832 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T40 | 4859-4860 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T41 | 5044-5045 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T42 | 5124-5125 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T43 | 5374-5375 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T44 | 5467-5472 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T45 | 5634-5639 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T46 | 5731-5736 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T47 | 6065-6075 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 | denotes | activities |
T48 | 6132-6133 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T49 | 6152-6157 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T50 | 6514-6515 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T51 | 7001-7002 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T52 | 7012-7015 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009946 | denotes | kon |
T53 | 7030-7034 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007875 | denotes | Ms−1 |
T54 | 7030-7034 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050048 | denotes | Ms−1 |
T55 | 7030-7034 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052410 | denotes | Ms−1 |
T56 | 7070-7073 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050050 | denotes | s−1 |
T57 | 7106-7110 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001692 | denotes | a KD |
T58 | 7168-7173 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 | denotes | blood |
T59 | 7168-7173 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 | denotes | blood |
T60 | 7177-7178 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T61 | 7387-7392 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T62 | 7460-7468 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225 | denotes | labelled |
T63 | 7521-7526 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
T64 | 7577-7581 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 | denotes | test |
T65 | 8036-8037 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T66 | 8138-8139 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T67 | 8631-8638 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | viruses |
T68 | 8642-8643 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T69 | 8807-8808 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T70 | 8909-8912 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | chebi_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T7 | 451-460 | Chemical | denotes | antiviral | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587 |
T8 | 794-796 | Chemical | denotes | SL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74815 |
T9 | 977-984 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T10 | 1005-1007 | Chemical | denotes | SL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74815 |
T11 | 1046-1058 | Chemical | denotes | glycoprotein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17089 |
T12 | 1165-1176 | Chemical | denotes | angiotensin | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48433 |
T13 | 1236-1246 | Chemical | denotes | amino acid | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 |
T14 | 1236-1241 | Chemical | denotes | amino | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882 |
T15 | 1242-1246 | Chemical | denotes | acid | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527 |
T16 | 1309-1316 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T17 | 2219-2223 | Chemical | denotes | salt | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24866|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26710 |
T19 | 2248-2250 | Chemical | denotes | VL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75013 |
T20 | 2386-2388 | Chemical | denotes | VL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75013 |
T21 | 2647-2651 | Chemical | denotes | salt | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24866|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26710 |
T23 | 2710-2714 | Chemical | denotes | R162 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_85885 |
T24 | 3076-3083 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T25 | 3260-3272 | Chemical | denotes | glycoprotein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17089 |
T26 | 3282-3289 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T27 | 3356-3360 | Chemical | denotes | MEGA | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6617 |
T28 | 3569-3576 | Chemical | denotes | Protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16541 |
T29 | 4343-4350 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T30 | 4738-4746 | Chemical | denotes | hydrogen | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49637 |
T31 | 4833-4837 | Chemical | denotes | salt | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24866|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26710 |
T33 | 4861-4869 | Chemical | denotes | hydrogen | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49637 |
T34 | 4907-4915 | Chemical | denotes | arginine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16467|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29016|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32696 |
T37 | 4942-4952 | Chemical | denotes | asparagine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22653 |
T38 | 5126-5132 | Chemical | denotes | lysine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18019|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25094 |
T40 | 5172-5178 | Chemical | denotes | valine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27266 |
T41 | 5224-5228 | Chemical | denotes | salt | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24866|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26710 |
T43 | 5331-5338 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T44 | 5608-5610 | Chemical | denotes | KD | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73601 |
T45 | 5718-5725 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T46 | 5883-5890 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T47 | 7108-7110 | Chemical | denotes | KD | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73601 |
T48 | 7279-7286 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T49 | 7535-7543 | Chemical | denotes | solution | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75958 |
T50 | 7834-7841 | Chemical | denotes | epitope | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53000 |
T51 | 8375-8382 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
T52 | 8754-8761 | Chemical | denotes | mixture | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60004 |
T53 | 9248-9257 | Chemical | denotes | antiviral | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587 |
LitCovid-sentences
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T14 | 0-128 | Sentence | denotes | Very recently, a novel coronavirus which was temporarily named “2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)” emerged in Wuhan, China [1]. |
T15 | 129-406 | Sentence | denotes | As of 1 February 2020, 2019-nCoV has resulted in a total of 11,821 laboratory-confirmed human infections in China, including 259 deaths, and 132 exported cases in 23 countries outside of China (https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports). |
T16 | 407-499 | Sentence | denotes | Currently, there is no vaccine or effective antiviral treatment against 2019-nCoV infection. |
T17 | 500-556 | Sentence | denotes | Based on the phylogenetic analysis (GISAID accession no. |
T18 | 557-816 | Sentence | denotes | EPI_ISL_402124) [2], 2019-nCoV belongs to lineage B betacoronavirus and shares high sequence identity with that of bat or human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) and bat SARS-like coronavirus (SL-CoV) (Figure 1(a)). |
T19 | 817-942 | Sentence | denotes | In previous studies, a number of potent monoclonal antibodies against SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) have been identified [3–7]. |
T20 | 943-1208 | Sentence | denotes | These antibodies target the spike protein (S) of SARS-CoV and SL-CoVs, which is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and mediates the entrance to human respiratory epithelial cells by interacting with cell surface receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) [8]. |
T21 | 1209-1372 | Sentence | denotes | More specifically, the 193 amino acid length (N318-V510) receptor binding domain (RBD) within the S protein is the critical target for neutralizing antibodies [9]. |
T22 | 1373-1591 | Sentence | denotes | Some of the antibodies recognize different epitopes on RBD; e.g. the SARS-CoV neutralizing antibodies CR3014 and CR3022 bound noncompetitively to the SARS-CoV RBD and neutralized the virus in a synergistic fashion [5]. |
T23 | 1592-1841 | Sentence | denotes | We predicted the conformation of 2019-nCoV RBD as well as its complex structures with several neutralizing antibodies, and found that the modelling results support the interactions between 2019-nCoV RBD and certain SARS-CoV antibodies (Figure 1(b)). |
T24 | 1842-1945 | Sentence | denotes | This could be due to the relatively high identity (73%) of RBD in 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV (Figure 1(c)). |
T25 | 1946-2158 | Sentence | denotes | For instance, residues in RBD of SARS-CoV that make polar interactions with a neutralizing antibody m396 as indicated by the complex crystal structure [10] are invariably conserved in 2019-nCoV RBD (Figure 1(d)). |
T26 | 2159-2251 | Sentence | denotes | In the structure of SARS-CoV-RBD-m396, R395 in RBD formed a salt bridge with D95 of m396-VL. |
T27 | 2252-2390 | Sentence | denotes | Concordantly, the electrostatic interaction was also observed in the model of 2019-nCoV-RBD-m396, forming by R408 (RBD) and D95 (m396-VL). |
T28 | 2391-2507 | Sentence | denotes | This analysis suggests that some SARS-CoV-specific monoclonal antibodies may be effective in neutralizing 2019-nCoV. |
T29 | 2508-2749 | Sentence | denotes | In contrast, the interactions between antibody F26G19 [11] or 80R [12] and the RBD in 2019-nCoV decreased significantly due to the lack of salt bridges formed by R426-D56 in SARS-CoV-RBD-F26G19 or D480-R162 in SARS-CoV-RBD-80R, respectively. |
T30 | 2750-2953 | Sentence | denotes | Furthermore, while most of the 80R-binding residues on the RBD of SARS-CoV are not conserved on RBD of 2019-nCoV (Figure 1(c)), it is unlikely that the antibody 80R could effectively recognize 2019-nCoV. |
T31 | 2954-3204 | Sentence | denotes | Therefore, it is urgent to experimentally determine the cross-reactivity of anti-SARS-CoV antibodies with 2019-nCoV spike protein, which could have important implications for rapid development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies against 2019-nCoV. |
T32 | 3205-3306 | Sentence | denotes | Figure 1. (a) Phylogenetic analysis of 2019-nCoV spike glycoprotein from its protein BLAST sequences. |
T33 | 3307-4175 | Sentence | denotes | The neighbour-joining tree was constructed using MEGA X, tested by bootstrap method of 2000 replicates, and edited by the online tool of iTOL (v5). (b) The simulated model of 2019-nCoV RBD binding to SARS-CoV-RBD-specific antibodies (m396, 80R, and F26G19). (c) Protein sequence alignment of 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV RBD, showing the predominant residues that contribute to interactions with ACE2 or SARS-CoV-specific antibodies. (d) The comparison of the complex structures of SARS-CoV-RBD and SARS-CoV-RBD-specific antibodies (shown in the first row) and models of 2019-nCoV-RBD and SARS-CoV-RBD-specific antibodies (shown in the second row). (e) Binding of monoclonal antibodies to 2019-nCoV RBD determined by ELISA. (f) Binding profiles of 2019-nCoV RBD to ACE2 and antibodies, and (g) competition of CR3022 and ACE2 with 2019-nCoV RBD measured by BLI in OctetRED96. |
T34 | 4176-4281 | Sentence | denotes | Binding kinetics was evaluated using a 1:1 Langmuir binding model by ForteBio Data Analysis 7.0 software. |
T35 | 4282-4351 | Sentence | denotes | In this study, we first expressed and purified 2019-nCoV RBD protein. |
T36 | 4352-4460 | Sentence | denotes | We also predicted the conformations of 2019-nCoV RBD and its complex with the putative receptor, human ACE2. |
T37 | 4461-4634 | Sentence | denotes | Comparison of the interaction between the complex of ACE2 [13] and SARS-CoV RBD and homology model of ACE2 and 2019-nCoV RBD revealed similar binding modes (data not shown). |
T38 | 4635-4772 | Sentence | denotes | In both complexes, β5–β6 loop and β6–β7 loop form extensive contact, including at least seven pairs of hydrogen bonds, with the receptor. |
T39 | 4773-4893 | Sentence | denotes | Notably, R426 on the forth α helix in SARS-CoV RBD builds a salt bridge with E329 and a hydrogen bond with Q325 on ACE2. |
T40 | 4894-5108 | Sentence | denotes | However, the arginine (R426 in SARS-CoV RBD) to asparagine (N439) mutation in 2019-nCoV RBD abolished the strong polar interactions, which may induce a decrease in the binding affinity between RBD and the receptor. |
T41 | 5109-5292 | Sentence | denotes | Interestingly, a lysine (K417 in 2019-nCoV RBD) replacement of valine (V404 in SARS-CoV RBD) on β6 formed an extra salt bridge with D30 on ACE2, which may recover the binding ability. |
T42 | 5293-5414 | Sentence | denotes | These data indicate that the RBD in S protein of 2019-nCoV may bind to ACE2 with a similar affinity as SARS-CoV RBD does. |
T43 | 5415-5582 | Sentence | denotes | Indeed, we measured the binding of 2019-nCoV RBD to human ACE2 by the biolayer interferometry binding (BLI) assay, and found that 2019-nCoV RBD bound potently to ACE2. |
T44 | 5583-5755 | Sentence | denotes | The calculated affinity (KD) of 2019-nCoV RBD with human ACE2 was 15.2 nM (Figure 1(f)), which is comparable to that of SARS-CoV spike protein with human ACE2 (15 nM) [14]. |
T45 | 5756-5909 | Sentence | denotes | These results indicate that ACE2 could be the potential receptor for the new coronavirus, and that the expressed 2019-nCoV RBD protein is functional [2]. |
T46 | 5910-6292 | Sentence | denotes | Next, we expressed and purified several representative SARS-CoV-specific antibodies which have been reported to target RBD and possess potent neutralizing activities, including m396 [3], CR3014 [4], CR3022 [5], as well as a MERS-CoV-specific human monoclonal antibody m336 developed by our laboratory [15], and measured their binding ability to 2019-nCoV RBD by ELISA (Figure 1(e)). |
T47 | 6293-6392 | Sentence | denotes | Surprisingly, we found that most of these antibodies did not show evident binding to 2019-nCoV RBD. |
T48 | 6393-6468 | Sentence | denotes | To confirm this result, we further measured the binding kinetics using BLI. |
T49 | 6469-6533 | Sentence | denotes | An irrelevant anti-CD40 antibody was used as a negative control. |
T50 | 6534-6695 | Sentence | denotes | Similarly, the antibody m396, which was predicted to bind 2019-nCoV RBD (Figure 1(d)), only showed slight binding at the highest measured concentration (2.0 µM). |
T51 | 6696-6845 | Sentence | denotes | Further studies are needed to solve the high-resolution structure of 2019-nCoV RBD and understand why it could not be recognized by these antibodies. |
T52 | 6846-6988 | Sentence | denotes | Notably, one SARS-CoV-specific antibody, CR3022, was found to bind potently with 2019-nCoV RBD as determined by ELISA and BLI (Figure 1(e,f)). |
T53 | 6989-7135 | Sentence | denotes | It followed a fast-on (kon of 1.84 × 105 Ms−1) and slow-off (koff of 1.16 × 10−3 s−1) binding kinetics, resulting in a KD of 6.3 nM (Figure 1(f)). |
T54 | 7136-7291 | Sentence | denotes | This antibody was isolated from blood of a convalescent SARS patient and did not compete with the antibody CR3014 for binding to recombinant S protein [5]. |
T55 | 7292-7431 | Sentence | denotes | To further elucidate the binding epitopes of CR3022, we measured the competition of CR3022 and human ACE2 for the binding to 2019-nCoV RBD. |
T56 | 7432-7617 | Sentence | denotes | The streptavidin biosensors labelled with biotinylated 2019-nCoV RBD were saturated with human ACE2 in solution, followed by the addition of the test antibodies in the presence of ACE2. |
T57 | 7618-7735 | Sentence | denotes | As shown in Figure 1(g), the antibody CR3022 did not show any competition with ACE2 for the binding to 2019-nCoV RBD. |
T58 | 7736-7908 | Sentence | denotes | These results suggest that CR3022, distinct from the other two SARS-CoV antibodies, recognizes an epitope that does not overlap with the ACE2 binding site of 2019-nCoV RBD. |
T59 | 7909-8005 | Sentence | denotes | The RBD of 2019-nCoV differs largely from the SARS-CoV at the C-terminus residues (Figure 1(c)). |
T60 | 8006-8207 | Sentence | denotes | Our results implied that such a difference did not result in drastic changes in the capability to engage the ACE2 receptor, but had a critical impact on the cross-reactivity of neutralizing antibodies. |
T61 | 8208-8501 | Sentence | denotes | Some of the most potent SARS-CoV-specific neutralizing antibodies (e.g. m396, CR3014) that target the receptor binding site of SARS-CoV failed to bind 2019-nCoV spike protein, indicating that it is necessary to develop novel monoclonal antibodies that could bind specifically to 2019-nCoV RBD. |
T62 | 8502-8736 | Sentence | denotes | Interestingly, it was reported that the antibody CR3022 completely neutralized both the wild-type SARS-CoV and the CR3014 escape viruses at a concentration of 23.5 μg/ml, and that no escape variants could be generated with CR3022 [5]. |
T63 | 8737-8874 | Sentence | denotes | Furthermore, the mixture of CR3022 and CR3014 neutralized SARS-CoV in a synergistic fashion by recognizing different epitopes on RBD [5]. |
T64 | 8875-9087 | Sentence | denotes | These results suggest that CR3022 has the potential to be developed as candidate therapeutics, alone or in combination with other neutralizing antibodies, for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV infections. |
T65 | 9088-9284 | Sentence | denotes | We expect more cross-reactive antibodies against 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV or other coronaviruses to be identified soon, facilitating the development of effective antiviral therapeutics and vaccines. |
T66 | 9286-9308 | Sentence | denotes | Supplementary Material |
T67 | 9309-9330 | Sentence | denotes | Supplemental Material |
LitCovid-PubTator
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | tao:has_database_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
71 | 17-34 | Species | denotes | novel coronavirus | Tax:2697049 |
72 | 64-86 | Species | denotes | 2019 novel coronavirus | Tax:2697049 |
73 | 88-97 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
74 | 152-161 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
75 | 217-222 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 |
76 | 223-233 | Disease | denotes | infections | MESH:D007239 |
77 | 258-264 | Disease | denotes | deaths | MESH:D003643 |
78 | 370-386 | Disease | denotes | coronavirus-2019 | MESH:C000657245 |
79 | 479-498 | Disease | denotes | 2019-nCoV infection | MESH:C000657245 |
97 | 3697-3701 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
98 | 4066-4070 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
99 | 4121-4125 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
100 | 3244-3253 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
101 | 3482-3491 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
102 | 3507-3515 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
103 | 3599-3608 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
104 | 3613-3621 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
105 | 3783-3791 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
106 | 3800-3808 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
107 | 3872-3881 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
108 | 3890-3898 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
109 | 3990-3999 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
110 | 4049-4058 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
111 | 4131-4140 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
112 | 3705-3713 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
113 | 4110-4116 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
153 | 1165-1196 | Gene | denotes | angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 | Gene:59272 |
154 | 1198-1202 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
155 | 578-587 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
156 | 609-624 | Species | denotes | betacoronavirus | Tax:694002 |
157 | 679-684 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 |
158 | 685-730 | Species | denotes | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus | Tax:694009 |
159 | 739-750 | Species | denotes | coronavirus | Tax:11118 |
160 | 752-761 | Species | denotes | SARSr-CoV | Tax:694009 |
161 | 767-792 | Species | denotes | bat SARS-like coronavirus | Tax:1508227 |
162 | 797-800 | Species | denotes | CoV | Tax:11118 |
163 | 887-903 | Species | denotes | SARS coronavirus | Tax:694009 |
164 | 905-913 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
165 | 992-1000 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
166 | 1008-1012 | Species | denotes | CoVs | Tax:11118 |
167 | 1088-1093 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 |
168 | 1523-1531 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
169 | 1625-1634 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
170 | 1781-1790 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
171 | 1908-1917 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
172 | 1922-1930 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
173 | 1979-1987 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
174 | 2130-2139 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
175 | 2179-2187 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
176 | 2330-2339 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
177 | 2497-2506 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
178 | 2594-2603 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
179 | 2682-2690 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
180 | 2718-2726 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
181 | 2816-2824 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
182 | 2853-2862 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
183 | 2943-2952 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
184 | 3060-3069 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
185 | 3194-3203 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
186 | 1442-1450 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
187 | 1807-1815 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
188 | 2424-2432 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
189 | 3035-3043 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
190 | 1475-1481 | Chemical | denotes | CR3014 | |
191 | 1486-1492 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
234 | 4455-4459 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
235 | 4514-4518 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
236 | 4563-4567 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
237 | 4888-4892 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
238 | 5248-5252 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
239 | 5364-5368 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
240 | 5473-5477 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
241 | 5577-5581 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
242 | 5640-5644 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
243 | 5737-5741 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
244 | 5784-5788 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
245 | 4329-4338 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
246 | 4391-4400 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
247 | 4449-4454 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 |
248 | 4528-4536 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
249 | 4572-4581 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
250 | 4811-4819 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
251 | 4925-4933 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
252 | 4972-4981 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
253 | 5142-5151 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
254 | 5188-5196 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
255 | 5342-5351 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
256 | 5396-5404 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
257 | 5450-5459 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
258 | 5467-5472 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 |
259 | 5545-5554 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
260 | 5615-5624 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
261 | 5634-5639 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 |
262 | 5703-5711 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
263 | 5731-5736 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 |
264 | 5829-5844 | Species | denotes | new coronavirus | Tax:2697049 |
265 | 5869-5878 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
266 | 4738-4746 | Chemical | denotes | hydrogen | MESH:D006859 |
267 | 4850-4854 | Chemical | denotes | E329 | |
268 | 4861-4869 | Chemical | denotes | hydrogen | MESH:D006859 |
269 | 4880-4884 | Chemical | denotes | Q325 | |
270 | 4907-4915 | Chemical | denotes | arginine | MESH:D001120 |
271 | 4942-4952 | Chemical | denotes | asparagine | MESH:D001216 |
272 | 5126-5132 | Chemical | denotes | lysine | MESH:D008239 |
273 | 5134-5138 | Chemical | denotes | K417 | |
274 | 5172-5178 | Chemical | denotes | valine | MESH:D014633 |
275 | 5241-5244 | Chemical | denotes | D30 | MESH:C005496 |
286 | 6488-6492 | Gene | denotes | CD40 | Gene:958 |
287 | 6134-6142 | Species | denotes | MERS-CoV | Tax:1335626 |
288 | 6255-6264 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
289 | 6378-6387 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
290 | 6592-6601 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
291 | 6765-6774 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
292 | 5965-5973 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
293 | 6152-6157 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 |
294 | 6097-6103 | Chemical | denotes | CR3014 | |
295 | 6109-6115 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
317 | 7393-7397 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
318 | 7527-7531 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
319 | 7612-7616 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
320 | 7697-7701 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
321 | 7873-7877 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
322 | 6927-6936 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
323 | 7197-7204 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
324 | 7387-7392 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 |
325 | 7417-7426 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
326 | 7487-7496 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
327 | 7521-7526 | Species | denotes | human | Tax:9606 |
328 | 7721-7730 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
329 | 7894-7903 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
330 | 6859-6867 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
331 | 7799-7807 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
332 | 6887-6893 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
333 | 7243-7249 | Chemical | denotes | CR3014 | |
334 | 7337-7343 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
335 | 7376-7382 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
336 | 7656-7662 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
337 | 7763-7769 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
357 | 8115-8119 | Gene | denotes | ACE2 | Gene:59272 |
358 | 7920-7929 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
359 | 7955-7963 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
360 | 8232-8240 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
361 | 8335-8343 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
362 | 8359-8368 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
363 | 8487-8496 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
364 | 8600-8608 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
365 | 8795-8803 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
366 | 9137-9146 | Species | denotes | 2019-nCoV | Tax:2697049 |
367 | 9151-9159 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV | Tax:694009 |
368 | 9169-9182 | Species | denotes | coronaviruses | Tax:11118 |
369 | 8551-8557 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
370 | 8617-8623 | Chemical | denotes | CR3014 | |
371 | 8725-8731 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
372 | 8765-8771 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
373 | 8776-8782 | Chemical | denotes | CR3014 | |
374 | 8902-8908 | Chemical | denotes | CR3022 | |
375 | 9066-9086 | Disease | denotes | 2019-nCoV infections | MESH:C000657245 |