PMC:6288205 / 20654-22548
Annnotations
{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/6288205","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"6288205","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/6288205","text":"Dnah9 Is Essential for Determination of Left-Right Body Asymmetry and Is Expressed in Nodal Cells Carrying Motile Nodal Monocilia Important to Generate the Nodal Flow\n(A) The chest X-ray radiograph of MS-SI46 II1 depicts situs inversus totalis.\n(B) Schematic of the “two cilia” nodal flow hypothesis. Motile cilia of the pit cells (pc) generate a leftward nodal fluid flow which is sensed by the sensory cilia of the crown cells (cc), which is necessary to start the signaling cascade to establish correct left-right body asymmetry.\n(C) In situ hybridization analyses in wild-type mouse embryos show specific expression of Dnah9. Lateral (I) and ventral (II) view of a 0 somite wild-type mouse embryo demonstrate that Dnah9 expression is restricted exclusively to the left-right organizer (LRO) as indicated by the spot like dark blue signal. (III) Sense probe does not show any specific staining (I-III). Asterisks indicate the position of the LRO. Scale bars represent 100 μm. (IV) Dnah9 expression indicated by the grayish to black signal is found predominantly in the pit cells (pc) of the mouse LRO. (V) Cryosection of the embryo that previously underwent in situ hybridization using the probe directed against Dnah9. The white rectangle in V marks the region magnified in IV. (IV-V) Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI and are depicted in blue. Scale bars represent 50 μm (IV) or 5 μm (V).\n(D) Comparison of expression profiles of genes encoding components of the outer dynein arm at five different time points of differentiation in ALI-cultured nasal epithelial cells. The RNA expression level is very low at early time points (t = 0 to t = 3) increasing heavily at later time points (t = 15) and slightly decreasing at t = 30. The differentiation-dependent expression profile of DNAH9 (in red) in ALI-cultured nasal epithelial cells resembles that of known outer dynein arm components.","divisions":[{"label":"p","span":{"begin":0,"end":166}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":167,"end":244}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":245,"end":532}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":533,"end":1396}}],"tracks":[]}