PMC:539061 / 4409-6391 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

    craft-ca-core-dev

    {"project":"craft-ca-core-dev","denotations":[{"id":"T632","span":{"begin":99,"end":109},"obj":"UBERON:0000483"},{"id":"T633","span":{"begin":114,"end":125},"obj":"UBERON:0003104"},{"id":"T634","span":{"begin":148,"end":151},"obj":"PR:000000034"},{"id":"T635","span":{"begin":170,"end":176},"obj":"PR:000000021"},{"id":"T636","span":{"begin":208,"end":234},"obj":"PR:000009751"},{"id":"T637","span":{"begin":217,"end":225},"obj":"SO:0000165"},{"id":"T638","span":{"begin":235,"end":244},"obj":"PR:000002198"},{"id":"T639","span":{"begin":246,"end":251},"obj":"PR:000009751"},{"id":"T640","span":{"begin":252,"end":261},"obj":"PR:000002198"},{"id":"T641","span":{"begin":272,"end":276},"obj":"SO:0000704"},{"id":"T642","span":{"begin":302,"end":318},"obj":"UBERON:0011817"},{"id":"T643","span":{"begin":445,"end":449},"obj":"SO:0000704"},{"id":"T644","span":{"begin":459,"end":469},"obj":"PR:000001447"},{"id":"T645","span":{"begin":488,"end":498},"obj":"UBERON:0000483"},{"id":"T646","span":{"begin":499,"end":507},"obj":"PR:000001327"},{"id":"T647","span":{"begin":528,"end":536},"obj":"GO:0016020"},{"id":"T648","span":{"begin":545,"end":577},"obj":"GO:0005913"},{"id":"T649","span":{"begin":579,"end":582},"obj":"GO:0005912"},{"id":"T650","span":{"begin":622,"end":632},"obj":"PR:000001447"},{"id":"T651","span":{"begin":663,"end":668},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T652","span":{"begin":675,"end":688},"obj":"UBERON:0002073"},{"id":"T653","span":{"begin":675,"end":702},"obj":"GO:0031069"},{"id":"T654","span":{"begin":731,"end":741},"obj":"PR:000001447"},{"id":"T655","span":{"begin":781,"end":790},"obj":"GO:0065007"},{"id":"T656","span":{"begin":835,"end":848},"obj":"GO:0009653"},{"id":"T657","span":{"begin":859,"end":864},"obj":"PR:000009751"},{"id":"T658","span":{"begin":866,"end":876},"obj":"PR:000001447"},{"id":"T659","span":{"begin":891,"end":900},"obj":"PR:000002198"},{"id":"T660","span":{"begin":942,"end":952},"obj":"PR:000001447"},{"id":"T661","span":{"begin":953,"end":962},"obj":"PR:000002198"},{"id":"T662","span":{"begin":963,"end":972},"obj":"GO:0032991"},{"id":"T663","span":{"begin":1033,"end":1053},"obj":"GO:0030041"},{"id":"T664","span":{"begin":1039,"end":1053},"obj":"MOP:0000629"},{"id":"T665","span":{"begin":1094,"end":1097},"obj":"GO:0005912"},{"id":"T666","span":{"begin":1116,"end":1128},"obj":"GO:0005856"},{"id":"T667","span":{"begin":1139,"end":1155},"obj":"UBERON:0010136"},{"id":"T668","span":{"begin":1203,"end":1208},"obj":"PR:P20154"},{"id":"T669","span":{"begin":1210,"end":1215},"obj":"PR:000009116"},{"id":"T670","span":{"begin":1217,"end":1222},"obj":"PR:P09088"},{"id":"T671","span":{"begin":1237,"end":1242},"obj":"PR:000009231"},{"id":"T672","span":{"begin":1260,"end":1265},"obj":"PR:000018242"},{"id":"T673","span":{"begin":1366,"end":1373},"obj":"CHEBI:52290"},{"id":"T674","span":{"begin":1443,"end":1446},"obj":"GO:0005912"},{"id":"T675","span":{"begin":1483,"end":1495},"obj":"GO:0005856"},{"id":"T676","span":{"begin":1521,"end":1528},"obj":"GO:0005634"},{"id":"T677","span":{"begin":1533,"end":1544},"obj":"GO:0005737"},{"id":"T678","span":{"begin":1606,"end":1616},"obj":"PR:000001447"},{"id":"T679","span":{"begin":1760,"end":1769},"obj":"GO:0065007"},{"id":"T680","span":{"begin":1770,"end":1780},"obj":"PR:000001447"},{"id":"T681","span":{"begin":1781,"end":1789},"obj":"SO:0000167"},{"id":"T682","span":{"begin":1848,"end":1853},"obj":"PR:000009751"},{"id":"T683","span":{"begin":1854,"end":1863},"obj":"PR:000002198"},{"id":"T684","span":{"begin":1864,"end":1876},"obj":"SO:0000409"},{"id":"T685","span":{"begin":1905,"end":1910},"obj":"PR:000015308"},{"id":"T686","span":{"begin":1911,"end":1915},"obj":"PR:000015309"}],"text":"nto the six concentric layers of the mature follicle.\nPreviously, we delineated how two respective epithelial and mesenchymal signals, Wnts and the BMP-inhibitory factor noggin, function in concert to induce lymphoid enhancer factor-1/β-catenin (LEF-1/β-catenin)-mediated gene transcription within the follicle placode [4]. The downstream changes elicited through convergence of these two early signaling pathways include down-regulation of the gene encoding E-cadherin, the prototypical epithelial cadherin that forms the transmembrane core of intercellular adherens junctions (AJs) [5]. We subsequently showed that when E-cadherin is transgenically elevated in mouse skin, hair follicle morphogenesis is blocked, suggesting that E-cadherin down-regulation is a critical event in governing the adhesion dynamics necessary for budding morphogenesis [4]. Like LEF-1, E-cadherin also binds to β-catenin. At sites of cell-cell contact, however, E-cadherin-β-catenin complexes recruit α-catenin, which in turn coordinates the associated actin polymerization dynamics necessary to stabilize nascent AJs and integrate the cytoskeleton across an epithelial sheet [6,7,8]. α-Catenin also binds to the class III Lin-1, Isl-1, Mec-3 (LIM) protein Ajuba (a member of the zyxin family of proteins), which appears to function dually in both adhesion and in activation of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway [9,10]. Through these links, AJs appear able to couple adhesion with cytoskeletal dynamics as well as with nuclear and cytoplasmic signaling. This provides a framework for conceptualizing why E-cadherin levels appear to impact upon a plethora of developmental processes (reviewed in [11]).\nAs we probed more deeply into the underlying mechanisms governing E-cadherin promoter activity, we were intrigued by the close proximity of the LEF-1/β-catenin binding site to a site known to bind the Snail/Slug family of zinc finger transcriptional repressor proteins [12,13,14"}

    2_test

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    craft-ca-core-ex-dev

    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the six concentric layers of the mature follicle.\nPreviously, we delineated how two respective epithelial and mesenchymal signals, Wnts and the BMP-inhibitory factor noggin, function in concert to induce lymphoid enhancer factor-1/β-catenin (LEF-1/β-catenin)-mediated gene transcription within the follicle placode [4]. 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At sites of cell-cell contact, however, E-cadherin-β-catenin complexes recruit α-catenin, which in turn coordinates the associated actin polymerization dynamics necessary to stabilize nascent AJs and integrate the cytoskeleton across an epithelial sheet [6,7,8]. α-Catenin also binds to the class III Lin-1, Isl-1, Mec-3 (LIM) protein Ajuba (a member of the zyxin family of proteins), which appears to function dually in both adhesion and in activation of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway [9,10]. Through these links, AJs appear able to couple adhesion with cytoskeletal dynamics as well as with nuclear and cytoplasmic signaling. This provides a framework for conceptualizing why E-cadherin levels appear to impact upon a plethora of developmental processes (reviewed in [11]).\nAs we probed more deeply into the underlying mechanisms governing E-cadherin promoter activity, we were intrigued by the close proximity of the LEF-1/β-catenin binding site to a site known to bind the Snail/Slug family of zinc finger transcriptional repressor proteins [12,13,14"}

    craft-sa-dev

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the six concentric layers of the mature follicle.\nPreviously, we delineated how two respective epithelial and mesenchymal signals, Wnts and the BMP-inhibitory factor noggin, function in concert to induce lymphoid enhancer factor-1/β-catenin (LEF-1/β-catenin)-mediated gene transcription within the follicle placode [4]. The downstream changes elicited through convergence of these two early signaling pathways include down-regulation of the gene encoding E-cadherin, the prototypical epithelial cadherin that forms the transmembrane core of intercellular adherens junctions (AJs) [5]. We subsequently showed that when E-cadherin is transgenically elevated in mouse skin, hair follicle morphogenesis is blocked, suggesting that E-cadherin down-regulation is a critical event in governing the adhesion dynamics necessary for budding morphogenesis [4]. Like LEF-1, E-cadherin also binds to β-catenin. At sites of cell-cell contact, however, E-cadherin-β-catenin complexes recruit α-catenin, which in turn coordinates the associated actin polymerization dynamics necessary to stabilize nascent AJs and integrate the cytoskeleton across an epithelial sheet [6,7,8]. α-Catenin also binds to the class III Lin-1, Isl-1, Mec-3 (LIM) protein Ajuba (a member of the zyxin family of proteins), which appears to function dually in both adhesion and in activation of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway [9,10]. Through these links, AJs appear able to couple adhesion with cytoskeletal dynamics as well as with nuclear and cytoplasmic signaling. This provides a framework for conceptualizing why E-cadherin levels appear to impact upon a plethora of developmental processes (reviewed in [11]).\nAs we probed more deeply into the underlying mechanisms governing E-cadherin promoter activity, we were intrigued by the close proximity of the LEF-1/β-catenin binding site to a site known to bind the Snail/Slug family of zinc finger transcriptional repressor proteins [12,13,14"}