PMC:2678986 / 3251-4722
Annnotations
{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/2678986","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"2678986","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/2678986","text":"In the late stages of AIDS, the CNS is also vulnerable to several severe opportunistic diseases including cryptococcal meningitis and primary CNS lymphoma. All these neurological conditions were initially associated with high morbidity and mortality, and this continues to be the situation in resource-poor countries where highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is not readily available (Table 1). However, where there is wide-spread use of HAART there has been a profound reduction in the incidence/severity of HAD (d’Arminio et al., 2004) and the major CNS opportunistic infections, although the prevalence of minor HIV-1 associated cognitive impairment appears to be rising. Various factors including toxicity, insurgence of drug resistance, poor medication adherence and sometimes limited access to HAART, contribute to this phenomenon. It has also been speculated that the constant presence of HIV and the associated immunoactivation and inflammation in CSF is linked to this more subtle form of brain injury. As elevated viral loads in the CSF, predict subsequent neuro-cognitive impairments (Ellis et al., 2002). Overall it would suggest that treatment of CNS disease associated with HIV-infection may be sub-optimal and clinical data has suggested that the CNS effectiveness of anti-HIV drug regimens can be significantly improved by treating with CSF-penetrating antiretroviral drugs in patients with cognitive impairments (Letendre et al., 2004, 2008a,b).","tracks":[{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"19176219-14991809-99578259","span":{"begin":541,"end":545},"obj":"14991809"},{"id":"19176219-14991809-99578259","span":{"begin":541,"end":545},"obj":"14991809"},{"id":"19176219-14991809-3576914","span":{"begin":541,"end":545},"obj":"14991809"},{"id":"19176219-14991809-3576914","span":{"begin":541,"end":545},"obj":"14991809"},{"id":"19176219-12056927-3576915","span":{"begin":1119,"end":1123},"obj":"12056927"},{"id":"19176219-12056927-3576915","span":{"begin":1119,"end":1123},"obj":"12056927"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"19176219-14991809-99578259","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-14991809-99578259","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-14991809-3576914","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-14991809-3576914","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-12056927-3576915","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-12056927-3576915","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"2_test","color":"#939dec","default":true}]}]}}