PMC:1134658 / 1403-4028 JSON TXT

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pmc-enju-pas

bionlp-st-ge-2016-coref

{"project":"bionlp-st-ge-2016-coref","denotations":[{"id":"T1600","span":{"begin":1929,"end":1947},"obj":"Anaphor"},{"id":"T1601","span":{"begin":1949,"end":1955},"obj":"Antecedent"},{"id":"T1602","span":{"begin":1957,"end":1963},"obj":"Antecedent"},{"id":"T1603","span":{"begin":1969,"end":1975},"obj":"Antecedent"},{"id":"T1604","span":{"begin":1978,"end":1990},"obj":"Anaphor"},{"id":"T1605","span":{"begin":2506,"end":2522},"obj":"Anaphor"},{"id":"T1606","span":{"begin":2523,"end":2526},"obj":"Antecedent"},{"id":"T1607","span":{"begin":2527,"end":2530},"obj":"Antecedent"}],"relations":[{"id":"R1312","pred":"boundBy","subj":"T1600","obj":"T1601"},{"id":"R1313","pred":"boundBy","subj":"T1600","obj":"T1602"},{"id":"R1314","pred":"boundBy","subj":"T1600","obj":"T1603"},{"id":"R1315","pred":"boundBy","subj":"T1604","obj":"T1601"},{"id":"R1316","pred":"boundBy","subj":"T1604","obj":"T1602"},{"id":"R1317","pred":"boundBy","subj":"T1604","obj":"T1603"},{"id":"R1318","pred":"boundBy","subj":"T1605","obj":"T1606"},{"id":"R1319","pred":"boundBy","subj":"T1605","obj":"T1607"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://bionlp.dbcls.jp/ontology/ge.owl#"}],"text":"Background\nMembers of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily play central roles in controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis [1]. These cytokines can be divided into three subgroups: TGF-β, the activins/inhibins, and the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), of which the latter constitute the largest family. BMPs are 30–38 kDa hetero- or homodimeric proteins originally identified by their ability to induce ectopic cartilage and bone formation [2,3]. Several studies have demonstrated an essential role of these proteins during embryogenesis, and more recently, also in adult tissues [1]. TGF-β has been intensively studied in normal and malignant haematopoietic cells and is one of the most potent endogenous negative regulators known to date. [4]. In contrast, the effect of BMPs in the immune system has not been widely investigated. In that respect, BMP- 2, -4 and -7 have been found to control differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells [5] and early T cell development [6,7]. BMP-6 has been reported to reduce the number of cobblestone-area-forming cells of normal human haematopoietic cells [8]. Furthermore, BMP-2, -4, 6 and -7 had an antiproliferative and a proapoptotic effect on multiple myeloma cells [9-11]. In addition, by gene expression profiling, BMP-6 significantly increased the predictive value for a multi-gene signature test and was associated with a poor outcome in diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) [12].\nBMP-6, like the other BMP members, signals through ligation and heterodimerzation of BMP type I [activin-like-kinase (ALK)] and type II serine-threonine kinase receptors, which subsequently propagates the signal downstream by phosphorylating Smad proteins. BMP-6 can signal through the ligation of the type I receptors Act-RIA, BMP-RIA, and BMP-RIB and the type II receptors BMP-RII, Act-RIIA and Act-RIIB, which lead to the phosphorylation of the receptor Smads (Smad-1, Smad-5, and Smad-8). The R- Smads then form complexes with the co-Smad (Smad4) and are translocated into the nucleus where they exert gene regulation [1,13].\nGiven the reported role of BMP-6 in B-cell malignancies and haematopoietic progenitor cells, we wanted to explore its potential role in normal human B cells. We studied the effects of BMP-6 on proliferation and apoptosis on resting and stimulated B cells. Furthermore, the expression of BMP receptors and BMP-6 induced activation of the Smad signalling pathway with subsequent regulation of the target genes Id1–Id4, were resolved. Finally, we investigated whether B cells also were capable of producing BMP-6."}

bionlp-st-ge-2016-spacy-parsed

UBERON-AE

{"project":"UBERON-AE","denotations":[{"id":"T1030","span":{"begin":80,"end":87},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012131"},{"id":"T1031","span":{"begin":626,"end":633},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479"},{"id":"T1032","span":{"begin":839,"end":852},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405"},{"id":"T1033","span":{"begin":1830,"end":1833},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002228"}],"text":"Background\nMembers of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily play central roles in controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis [1]. These cytokines can be divided into three subgroups: TGF-β, the activins/inhibins, and the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), of which the latter constitute the largest family. BMPs are 30–38 kDa hetero- or homodimeric proteins originally identified by their ability to induce ectopic cartilage and bone formation [2,3]. Several studies have demonstrated an essential role of these proteins during embryogenesis, and more recently, also in adult tissues [1]. TGF-β has been intensively studied in normal and malignant haematopoietic cells and is one of the most potent endogenous negative regulators known to date. [4]. In contrast, the effect of BMPs in the immune system has not been widely investigated. In that respect, BMP- 2, -4 and -7 have been found to control differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells [5] and early T cell development [6,7]. BMP-6 has been reported to reduce the number of cobblestone-area-forming cells of normal human haematopoietic cells [8]. Furthermore, BMP-2, -4, 6 and -7 had an antiproliferative and a proapoptotic effect on multiple myeloma cells [9-11]. In addition, by gene expression profiling, BMP-6 significantly increased the predictive value for a multi-gene signature test and was associated with a poor outcome in diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) [12].\nBMP-6, like the other BMP members, signals through ligation and heterodimerzation of BMP type I [activin-like-kinase (ALK)] and type II serine-threonine kinase receptors, which subsequently propagates the signal downstream by phosphorylating Smad proteins. BMP-6 can signal through the ligation of the type I receptors Act-RIA, BMP-RIA, and BMP-RIB and the type II receptors BMP-RII, Act-RIIA and Act-RIIB, which lead to the phosphorylation of the receptor Smads (Smad-1, Smad-5, and Smad-8). The R- Smads then form complexes with the co-Smad (Smad4) and are translocated into the nucleus where they exert gene regulation [1,13].\nGiven the reported role of BMP-6 in B-cell malignancies and haematopoietic progenitor cells, we wanted to explore its potential role in normal human B cells. We studied the effects of BMP-6 on proliferation and apoptosis on resting and stimulated B cells. Furthermore, the expression of BMP receptors and BMP-6 induced activation of the Smad signalling pathway with subsequent regulation of the target genes Id1–Id4, were resolved. Finally, we investigated whether B cells also were capable of producing BMP-6."}

GO-BP

GO-MF

{"project":"GO-MF","denotations":[{"id":"T2205","span":{"begin":39,"end":54},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005160"},{"id":"T2206","span":{"begin":243,"end":251},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005160"},{"id":"T2207","span":{"begin":252,"end":260},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005160"}],"text":"Background\nMembers of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily play central roles in controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis [1]. These cytokines can be divided into three subgroups: TGF-β, the activins/inhibins, and the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), of which the latter constitute the largest family. BMPs are 30–38 kDa hetero- or homodimeric proteins originally identified by their ability to induce ectopic cartilage and bone formation [2,3]. Several studies have demonstrated an essential role of these proteins during embryogenesis, and more recently, also in adult tissues [1]. TGF-β has been intensively studied in normal and malignant haematopoietic cells and is one of the most potent endogenous negative regulators known to date. [4]. In contrast, the effect of BMPs in the immune system has not been widely investigated. In that respect, BMP- 2, -4 and -7 have been found to control differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells [5] and early T cell development [6,7]. BMP-6 has been reported to reduce the number of cobblestone-area-forming cells of normal human haematopoietic cells [8]. Furthermore, BMP-2, -4, 6 and -7 had an antiproliferative and a proapoptotic effect on multiple myeloma cells [9-11]. In addition, by gene expression profiling, BMP-6 significantly increased the predictive value for a multi-gene signature test and was associated with a poor outcome in diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) [12].\nBMP-6, like the other BMP members, signals through ligation and heterodimerzation of BMP type I [activin-like-kinase (ALK)] and type II serine-threonine kinase receptors, which subsequently propagates the signal downstream by phosphorylating Smad proteins. BMP-6 can signal through the ligation of the type I receptors Act-RIA, BMP-RIA, and BMP-RIB and the type II receptors BMP-RII, Act-RIIA and Act-RIIB, which lead to the phosphorylation of the receptor Smads (Smad-1, Smad-5, and Smad-8). The R- Smads then form complexes with the co-Smad (Smad4) and are translocated into the nucleus where they exert gene regulation [1,13].\nGiven the reported role of BMP-6 in B-cell malignancies and haematopoietic progenitor cells, we wanted to explore its potential role in normal human B cells. We studied the effects of BMP-6 on proliferation and apoptosis on resting and stimulated B cells. Furthermore, the expression of BMP receptors and BMP-6 induced activation of the Smad signalling pathway with subsequent regulation of the target genes Id1–Id4, were resolved. Finally, we investigated whether B cells also were capable of producing BMP-6."}

GO-CC

{"project":"GO-CC","denotations":[{"id":"T2208","span":{"begin":713,"end":718},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T2209","span":{"begin":987,"end":992},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T2210","span":{"begin":1106,"end":1111},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T2211","span":{"begin":1143,"end":1148},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T2212","span":{"begin":1258,"end":1263},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T2213","span":{"begin":2201,"end":2206},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T2214","span":{"begin":2266,"end":2271},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T2215","span":{"begin":2364,"end":2369},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T2216","span":{"begin":2582,"end":2587},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T2217","span":{"begin":2066,"end":2073},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005634"}],"text":"Background\nMembers of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily play central roles in controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis [1]. These cytokines can be divided into three subgroups: TGF-β, the activins/inhibins, and the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), of which the latter constitute the largest family. BMPs are 30–38 kDa hetero- or homodimeric proteins originally identified by their ability to induce ectopic cartilage and bone formation [2,3]. Several studies have demonstrated an essential role of these proteins during embryogenesis, and more recently, also in adult tissues [1]. TGF-β has been intensively studied in normal and malignant haematopoietic cells and is one of the most potent endogenous negative regulators known to date. [4]. In contrast, the effect of BMPs in the immune system has not been widely investigated. In that respect, BMP- 2, -4 and -7 have been found to control differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells [5] and early T cell development [6,7]. BMP-6 has been reported to reduce the number of cobblestone-area-forming cells of normal human haematopoietic cells [8]. Furthermore, BMP-2, -4, 6 and -7 had an antiproliferative and a proapoptotic effect on multiple myeloma cells [9-11]. In addition, by gene expression profiling, BMP-6 significantly increased the predictive value for a multi-gene signature test and was associated with a poor outcome in diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) [12].\nBMP-6, like the other BMP members, signals through ligation and heterodimerzation of BMP type I [activin-like-kinase (ALK)] and type II serine-threonine kinase receptors, which subsequently propagates the signal downstream by phosphorylating Smad proteins. BMP-6 can signal through the ligation of the type I receptors Act-RIA, BMP-RIA, and BMP-RIB and the type II receptors BMP-RII, Act-RIIA and Act-RIIB, which lead to the phosphorylation of the receptor Smads (Smad-1, Smad-5, and Smad-8). The R- Smads then form complexes with the co-Smad (Smad4) and are translocated into the nucleus where they exert gene regulation [1,13].\nGiven the reported role of BMP-6 in B-cell malignancies and haematopoietic progenitor cells, we wanted to explore its potential role in normal human B cells. We studied the effects of BMP-6 on proliferation and apoptosis on resting and stimulated B cells. Furthermore, the expression of BMP receptors and BMP-6 induced activation of the Smad signalling pathway with subsequent regulation of the target genes Id1–Id4, were resolved. Finally, we investigated whether B cells also were capable of producing BMP-6."}

sentences

ICD10

{"project":"ICD10","denotations":[{"id":"T2218","span":{"begin":1241,"end":1257},"obj":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/ICD10/C90.0"}],"text":"Background\nMembers of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily play central roles in controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis [1]. These cytokines can be divided into three subgroups: TGF-β, the activins/inhibins, and the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), of which the latter constitute the largest family. BMPs are 30–38 kDa hetero- or homodimeric proteins originally identified by their ability to induce ectopic cartilage and bone formation [2,3]. Several studies have demonstrated an essential role of these proteins during embryogenesis, and more recently, also in adult tissues [1]. TGF-β has been intensively studied in normal and malignant haematopoietic cells and is one of the most potent endogenous negative regulators known to date. [4]. In contrast, the effect of BMPs in the immune system has not been widely investigated. In that respect, BMP- 2, -4 and -7 have been found to control differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells [5] and early T cell development [6,7]. BMP-6 has been reported to reduce the number of cobblestone-area-forming cells of normal human haematopoietic cells [8]. Furthermore, BMP-2, -4, 6 and -7 had an antiproliferative and a proapoptotic effect on multiple myeloma cells [9-11]. In addition, by gene expression profiling, BMP-6 significantly increased the predictive value for a multi-gene signature test and was associated with a poor outcome in diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) [12].\nBMP-6, like the other BMP members, signals through ligation and heterodimerzation of BMP type I [activin-like-kinase (ALK)] and type II serine-threonine kinase receptors, which subsequently propagates the signal downstream by phosphorylating Smad proteins. BMP-6 can signal through the ligation of the type I receptors Act-RIA, BMP-RIA, and BMP-RIB and the type II receptors BMP-RII, Act-RIIA and Act-RIIB, which lead to the phosphorylation of the receptor Smads (Smad-1, Smad-5, and Smad-8). The R- Smads then form complexes with the co-Smad (Smad4) and are translocated into the nucleus where they exert gene regulation [1,13].\nGiven the reported role of BMP-6 in B-cell malignancies and haematopoietic progenitor cells, we wanted to explore its potential role in normal human B cells. We studied the effects of BMP-6 on proliferation and apoptosis on resting and stimulated B cells. Furthermore, the expression of BMP receptors and BMP-6 induced activation of the Smad signalling pathway with subsequent regulation of the target genes Id1–Id4, were resolved. Finally, we investigated whether B cells also were capable of producing BMP-6."}

events-check-again

bionlp-st-ge-2016-reference-tees

bionlp-st-ge-2016-reference

bionlp-st-ge-2016-uniprot

tees-test

PMC:1134658 / 1403-4028 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

PMC:1134658 / 1403-4028 JSON TXT