BB-rel@ldeleger:BB-rel-24361838 JSONTXT

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bionlp-ost-19-BB-rel-train

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-114 Title denotes Evaluation of a lytic bacteriophage, Φ st1, for biocontrol of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in chickens.
T3 16-21 Phenotype denotes lytic
T4 37-42 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T5 62-101 Microorganism denotes Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
T6 105-113 Habitat denotes chickens
T2 115-2050 Paragraph denotes In this study, a Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage, Φ st1, which was isolated from chicken faecal material, was evaluated as a candidate for biocontrol of Salmonella in chickens. The morphology of Φ st1 showed strong resemblance to members of the Siphoviridae family. Φ st1 was observed to be a DNA phage with an estimated genome size of 121 kbp. It was found to be able to infect S. Typhimurium and S. Hadar, with a stronger lytic activity against the former. Subsequent characterisation of Φ st1 against S. Typhimurium showed that Φ st1 has a latent period of 40 min with an average burst size of 22 particles per infective centre. Approximately 86.1% of the phage adsorbed to the host cells within the initial 5 min of infection. At the optimum multiplicity of infection (MOI) (0.1), the highest reduction rate of S. Typhimurium (6.6 log₁₀ CFU/ml) and increment in phage titre (3.8 log₁₀ PFU/ml) was observed. Φ st1 produced adsorption rates of 88.4-92.2% at pH7-9 and demonstrated the highest bacteria reduction (6.6 log₁₀ CFU/ml) at pH9. Φ st1 also showed an insignificant different (P>0.05) reduction rate of host cells at 37 °C (6.4 log₁₀ CFU/ml) and 42 °C (6.0 log₁₀ CFU/ml). The in vivo study using Φ st1 showed that intracloacal inoculation of ~10¹² PFU/ml of the phage in the chickens challenged with ~10¹⁰ CFU/ml of S. Typhimurium was able to reduce (P<0.05) the S. Typhimurium more rapidly than the untreated group. The Salmonella count reduced to 2.9 log₁₀ CFU/ml within 6h of post-challenge and S. Typhimurium was not detected at and after 24h of post-challenge. Reduction of Salmonella count in visceral organs was also observed at 6h post-challenge. Approximately 1.6 log₁₀ FU/ml Φ st1 was found to persist in the caecal wall of the chicks at 72 h of post-challenge. The present study indicated that Φ st1 may serve as a potential biocontrol agent to reduce the Salmonella count in caecal content of chickens.
T7 132-174 Microorganism denotes Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage
T8 132-154 Microorganism denotes Salmonella Typhimurium
T9 155-160 Phenotype denotes lytic
T10 176-181 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T12 207-230 Habitat denotes chicken faecal material
T11 207-214 Habitat denotes chicken
T13 279-289 Microorganism denotes Salmonella
T14 293-301 Habitat denotes chickens
T15 321-326 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T16 371-383 Microorganism denotes Siphoviridae
T17 392-397 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T18 505-519 Microorganism denotes S. Typhimurium
T19 524-532 Microorganism denotes S. Hadar
T20 550-564 Phenotype denotes lytic activity
T21 616-621 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T22 630-644 Microorganism denotes S. Typhimurium
T23 657-662 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T24 807-817 Habitat denotes host cells
T25 941-955 Microorganism denotes S. Typhimurium
T26 1037-1042 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T27 1167-1172 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T28 1239-1249 Habitat denotes host cells
T29 1332-1337 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T30 1350-1362 Habitat denotes intracloacal
T31 1411-1419 Habitat denotes chickens
T32 1452-1466 Microorganism denotes S. Typhimurium
T33 1499-1513 Microorganism denotes S. Typhimurium
T34 1557-1567 Microorganism denotes Salmonella
T35 1634-1648 Microorganism denotes S. Typhimurium
T36 1715-1725 Microorganism denotes Salmonella
T37 1735-1750 Habitat denotes visceral organs
T38 1821-1826 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T40 1855-1880 Habitat denotes caecal wall of the chicks
T39 1855-1861 Habitat denotes caecal
T41 1874-1880 Habitat denotes chicks
T42 1941-1946 Microorganism denotes Φ st1
T43 2003-2013 Microorganism denotes Salmonella
T44 2023-2049 Habitat denotes caecal content of chickens
T45 2023-2029 Habitat denotes caecal
T46 2041-2049 Habitat denotes chickens
E1 37-42 Exhibits denotes Φ st1
E2 62-101 Lives_In denotes Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
E3 132-174 Lives_In denotes Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage
E4 132-174 Exhibits denotes Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage
E5 176-181 Lives_In denotes Φ st1
E6 176-181 Exhibits denotes Φ st1
E7 279-289 Lives_In denotes Salmonella
E8 392-397 Lives_In denotes Φ st1
E9 392-397 Lives_In denotes Φ st1
E10 392-397 Exhibits denotes Φ st1
E11 1167-1172 Lives_In denotes Φ st1
E12 1332-1337 Lives_In denotes Φ st1
E13 1332-1337 Lives_In denotes Φ st1
E14 1452-1466 Lives_In denotes S. Typhimurium
E15 1452-1466 Lives_In denotes S. Typhimurium
E16 1557-1567 Lives_In denotes Salmonella
E17 1715-1725 Lives_In denotes Salmonella
E18 1715-1725 Lives_In denotes Salmonella
E19 1715-1725 Lives_In denotes Salmonella
E20 1821-1826 Lives_In denotes Φ st1
E21 1821-1826 Lives_In denotes Φ st1
E22 1941-1946 Lives_In denotes Φ st1
E23 1941-1946 Lives_In denotes Φ st1
E24 2003-2013 Lives_In denotes Salmonella
E25 2003-2013 Lives_In denotes Salmonella
R34 E17 T37 Location Salmonella,visceral organs
R1 E1 T4 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R2 E1 T3 Property Φ st1,lytic
R3 E2 T5 Microorganism Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium,Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
R4 E2 T6 Location Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium,chickens
R5 E3 T7 Microorganism Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage,Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage
R6 E3 T12 Location Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage,chicken faecal material
R7 E4 T7 Microorganism Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage,Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage
R8 E4 T9 Property Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage,lytic
R9 E5 T10 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R10 E5 T12 Location Φ st1,chicken faecal material
R11 E6 T10 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R12 E6 T9 Property Φ st1,lytic
R13 E7 T13 Microorganism Salmonella,Salmonella
R14 E7 T14 Location Salmonella,chickens
R15 E8 T17 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R16 E8 T19 Location Φ st1,S. Hadar
R17 E9 T17 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R18 E9 T18 Location Φ st1,S. Typhimurium
R19 E10 T17 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R20 E10 T20 Property Φ st1,lytic activity
R21 E11 T27 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R22 E11 T28 Location Φ st1,host cells
R23 E12 T29 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R24 E12 T30 Location Φ st1,intracloacal
R25 E13 T29 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R26 E13 T31 Location Φ st1,chickens
R27 E14 T32 Microorganism S. Typhimurium,S. Typhimurium
R28 E14 T30 Location S. Typhimurium,intracloacal
R29 E15 T32 Microorganism S. Typhimurium,S. Typhimurium
R30 E15 T31 Location S. Typhimurium,chickens
R31 E16 T34 Microorganism Salmonella,Salmonella
R32 E16 T31 Location Salmonella,chickens
R33 E17 T36 Microorganism Salmonella,Salmonella
R35 E18 T36 Microorganism Salmonella,Salmonella
R36 E18 T41 Location Salmonella,chicks
R37 E19 T36 Microorganism Salmonella,Salmonella
R38 E19 T40 Location Salmonella,caecal wall of the chicks
R39 E20 T38 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R40 E20 T40 Location Φ st1,caecal wall of the chicks
R41 E21 T38 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R42 E21 T41 Location Φ st1,chicks
R43 E22 T42 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R44 E22 T46 Location Φ st1,chickens
R45 E23 T42 Microorganism Φ st1,Φ st1
R46 E23 T44 Location Φ st1,caecal content of chickens
R47 E24 T43 Microorganism Salmonella,Salmonella
R48 E24 T46 Location Salmonella,chickens
R49 E25 T43 Microorganism Salmonella,Salmonella
R50 E25 T44 Location Salmonella,caecal content of chickens