PubMed:8724132 JSONTXT

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    sentences

    {"project":"sentences","denotations":[{"id":"TextSentencer_T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":145},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T2","span":{"begin":146,"end":286},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T3","span":{"begin":287,"end":375},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T4","span":{"begin":376,"end":621},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T5","span":{"begin":622,"end":768},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T6","span":{"begin":769,"end":899},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T7","span":{"begin":900,"end":994},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T8","span":{"begin":995,"end":1147},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T9","span":{"begin":1148,"end":1253},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T10","span":{"begin":1254,"end":1478},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T11","span":{"begin":1479,"end":1586},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T12","span":{"begin":1587,"end":1676},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T13","span":{"begin":1677,"end":1900},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T14","span":{"begin":1901,"end":2014},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T15","span":{"begin":2015,"end":2223},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":145},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":146,"end":286},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":287,"end":375},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":376,"end":621},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":622,"end":768},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":769,"end":899},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":900,"end":994},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":995,"end":1147},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1148,"end":1253},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1254,"end":1478},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1479,"end":1586},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1587,"end":1676},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1677,"end":1900},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1901,"end":2014},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":2015,"end":2223},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    GlycoBiology-FMA

    {"project":"GlycoBiology-FMA","denotations":[{"id":"_T1","span":{"begin":235,"end":257},"obj":"FMAID:196780"},{"id":"_T2","span":{"begin":235,"end":257},"obj":"FMAID:82786"},{"id":"_T3","span":{"begin":679,"end":687},"obj":"FMAID:165447"},{"id":"_T4","span":{"begin":679,"end":687},"obj":"FMAID:67257"},{"id":"_T5","span":{"begin":734,"end":738},"obj":"FMAID:165676"},{"id":"_T6","span":{"begin":1165,"end":1171},"obj":"FMAID:178661"},{"id":"_T7","span":{"begin":1280,"end":1286},"obj":"FMAID:178661"},{"id":"_T8","span":{"begin":1681,"end":1693},"obj":"FMAID:197276"},{"id":"_T9","span":{"begin":1681,"end":1693},"obj":"FMAID:82737"},{"id":"_T10","span":{"begin":2162,"end":2173},"obj":"FMAID:164989"},{"id":"_T11","span":{"begin":2162,"end":2173},"obj":"FMAID:66835"},{"id":"_T12","span":{"begin":2162,"end":2173},"obj":"FMAID:165187"},{"id":"_T13","span":{"begin":2162,"end":2188},"obj":"FMAID:199171"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"FMAID","uri":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    uniprot-human

    {"project":"uniprot-human","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":188,"end":192},"obj":"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NY76"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":309,"end":313},"obj":"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NY76"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1767,"end":1771},"obj":"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NY76"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":496,"end":499},"obj":"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P20132"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1947,"end":1950},"obj":"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P20132"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":2085,"end":2088},"obj":"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P20132"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    uniprot-mouse

    {"project":"uniprot-mouse","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":188,"end":192},"obj":"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8JZM8"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":309,"end":313},"obj":"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8JZM8"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1767,"end":1771},"obj":"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8JZM8"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    GlycoBiology-NCBITAXON

    {"project":"GlycoBiology-NCBITAXON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":177,"end":186},"obj":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/STY/T192"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":846,"end":854},"obj":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NCBITAXON/604139"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1260,"end":1268},"obj":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NCBITAXON/604139"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1994,"end":2002},"obj":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NCBITAXON/604139"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":2102,"end":2110},"obj":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NCBITAXON/604139"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    GO-BP

    {"project":"GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":387,"end":403},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051099"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":1122,"end":1138},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051099"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1220,"end":1236},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051099"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1659,"end":1675},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051099"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1815,"end":1831},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051099"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":2054,"end":2070},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051099"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1754,"end":1763},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007586"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    GO-MF

    {"project":"GO-MF","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":12},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097617"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":878,"end":890},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097617"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1200,"end":1208},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097617"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":17,"end":23},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":380,"end":386},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":447,"end":453},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":625,"end":631},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1213,"end":1219},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1808,"end":1814},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1884,"end":1890},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":2047,"end":2053},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":197,"end":201},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":387,"end":394},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":632,"end":639},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":910,"end":917},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1122,"end":1129},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1220,"end":1227},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1494,"end":1501},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1659,"end":1666},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":1815,"end":1822},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":1851,"end":1858},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":1911,"end":1918},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":2054,"end":2061},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070026"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":197,"end":201},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":387,"end":394},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":632,"end":639},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":910,"end":917},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1122,"end":1129},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":1220,"end":1227},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1494,"end":1501},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":1659,"end":1666},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":1815,"end":1822},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":1851,"end":1858},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1911,"end":1918},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":2054,"end":2061},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003680"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":197,"end":201},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":387,"end":394},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":632,"end":639},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":910,"end":917},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":1122,"end":1129},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":1220,"end":1227},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":1494,"end":1501},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":1659,"end":1666},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":1815,"end":1822},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":1851,"end":1858},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":1911,"end":1918},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":2054,"end":2061},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017091"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":197,"end":201},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":387,"end":394},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":632,"end":639},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":910,"end":917},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":1122,"end":1129},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":1220,"end":1227},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":1494,"end":1501},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":1659,"end":1666},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":1815,"end":1822},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":1851,"end":1858},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":1911,"end":1918},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":2054,"end":2061},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    GO-CC

    {"project":"GO-CC","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":2162,"end":2173},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":2175,"end":2188},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016021"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":2175,"end":2188},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044214"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    UBERON-AE

    {"project":"UBERON-AE","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":734,"end":738},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001913"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    GlyCosmos600-FMA

    {"project":"GlyCosmos600-FMA","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":679,"end":687},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":734,"end":738},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1681,"end":1693},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":2162,"end":2173},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A2","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62100"},{"id":"A3","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82737"},{"id":"A4","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66835"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    GlyCosmos600-GlycoProteins

    {"project":"GlyCosmos600-GlycoProteins","denotations":[{"id":"PD-GlycoProteins-B_T1","span":{"begin":65,"end":92},"obj":"http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P07307"},{"id":"PD-GlycoProteins-B_T2","span":{"begin":65,"end":92},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/gpdb/id/GPDB0003511"},{"id":"PD-GlycoProteins-B_T3","span":{"begin":65,"end":92},"obj":"http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P07306"},{"id":"PD-GlycoProteins-B_T4","span":{"begin":65,"end":92},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/gpdb/id/GPDB0001846"},{"id":"PD-GlycoProteins-B_T5","span":{"begin":65,"end":92},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/gpdb/id/GPDB0003577"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    pubmed-enju-pas

    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:"EnjuParser_R351","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T345","obj":"EnjuParser_T343"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R352","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T345","obj":"EnjuParser_T344"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://kmcs.nii.ac.jp/enju/"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    performance-test

    {"project":"performance-test","denotations":[{"id":"PD-UBERON-AE-B_T1","span":{"begin":734,"end":738},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001913"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    NCBITAXON

    {"project":"NCBITAXON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":61,"end":64},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"db_id","subj":"T1","obj":"10114"},{"id":"A2","pred":"db_id","subj":"T1","obj":"10116"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}

    Anatomy-UBERON

    {"project":"Anatomy-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":721,"end":724},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":734,"end":738},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":2162,"end":2173},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":2175,"end":2188},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001013"},{"id":"A2","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001913"},{"id":"A3","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737"},{"id":"A4","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020"}],"text":"Renaturation and ligand blotting of the major subunit of the rat asialoglycoprotein receptor after denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.\nRat hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-Rs) bind terminal clustered galactosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues with high affinity. The affinity-purified ASGP-R consists of three subunits designated RHL1, RHL2, and RHL3. The ligand-binding activity of individual subunits was investigated by ligand blotting, after separation of subunits by SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions, electrotransfer to nitrocellulose, and incubation with 125I-asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). No ligand-binding to any subunits could be detected when proteins such as BSA, casein, gelatin, or fat-free dry milk were used as blocking agents. However, subsequent incubation of BSA-blocked nitrocellulose blots with some nonionic detergents resulted in renaturation of RHL1. 125I-ASOR-binding to RHL2 or RHL3 was weaker and could be detected only after longer exposure. Similarly, direct use of detergents such as Tween 20, Nonidet P-40, or Triton X-100 as blocking agents also preserved the ASOR-binding activity of RHL1. Ionic detergents tested did not show any ability to renature the ligand-binding activity of RHL subunits. Among nonionic detergents tested, Tween 20, Tween 85, Lubrol PX, Nonidet P-40, and Triton X-100 were more effective than Tween 40, Tween 65, Tween 80, or Brij 35, whereas SPAN, digitonin, or octyl-glucoside showed no effect. Weak 125I-ASOR binding to RHL2 or RHL3 could be detected only when the Tween series or Lubrol PX were used. Incubation of blots with dithiothreitol caused a dose-dependent loss of binding activity. The carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of RHL1, isolated after subtilisin digestion of ASGP-R bound to ASOR-Sepharose, retained ligand-binding activity as assessed by its binding to ASOR-Sepharose and by ligand blotting. 125I-ASOR binding to electroblotted CRD after SDS-PAGE was also dependent on the presence of nonionic detergents. We conclude that restoration of ligand-binding activity of RHL1 after SDS-PAGE by some nonionic detergents is not dependent on the presence of the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or stalk domains of this subunit."}