PubMed:7759548 JSONTXT

{"project":"sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":115},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":366},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":367,"end":535},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":536,"end":812},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":813,"end":942},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":943,"end":1067},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1068,"end":1147},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1148,"end":1237},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1238,"end":1354},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1355,"end":1539},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1540,"end":1691},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":115},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":366},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":367,"end":535},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":536,"end":812},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":813,"end":942},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":943,"end":1067},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1068,"end":1147},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1148,"end":1237},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1238,"end":1354},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1355,"end":1539},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1540,"end":1691},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Identification of two novel regulatory elements within the 5'-untranslated region of the human A gamma-globin gene.\nInteraction between the stage selector element (SSE) in the proximal gamma-globin promoter and hypersensitivity site 2 in the locus control region partly mediates the competitive silencing of the beta-globin promoter in the fetal developmental stage. We have now demonstrated that a second SSE-like element in the 5'-untranslated region of the gamma-gene also contributes to this competitive silencing of the beta-gene. Utilizing transient transfection assays in the fetal erythroid cell line, K562, we have shown that the core enhancer of hypersensitivity site 2 can preferentially interact with the proximal gamma-promoter in the absence of the SSE, completely silencing a linked beta-promoter. Mutation of a 20-base pair sequence of the gamma-gene 5'-untranslated region (UTR) led to derepression of beta-promoter activity. A marked activation of gamma-promoter activity was also observed with this mutation, suggesting the presence of a repressor. Fine mutagenesis dissected these activities to different regions of the 5'-UTR. The stage selector activity was localized to a region centered on nucleotides +13 to +15. Electromobility shift assays utilizing this sequence demonstrated binding of a fetal and erythroid-specific protein. The repressor activity of the 5'-UTR was localized to tandem GATA-like sites, which appear to bind a complex of two proteins, one of which is the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. These results indicate that the 5'-UTR of the gamma-gene contains sequences that may be important for its transcriptional and developmental regulation."}

{"project":"Glycosmos6-MAT","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":176,"end":184},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000491"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":717,"end":725},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000491"}],"text":"Identification of two novel regulatory elements within the 5'-untranslated region of the human A gamma-globin gene.\nInteraction between the stage selector element (SSE) in the proximal gamma-globin promoter and hypersensitivity site 2 in the locus control region partly mediates the competitive silencing of the beta-globin promoter in the fetal developmental stage. We have now demonstrated that a second SSE-like element in the 5'-untranslated region of the gamma-gene also contributes to this competitive silencing of the beta-gene. Utilizing transient transfection assays in the fetal erythroid cell line, K562, we have shown that the core enhancer of hypersensitivity site 2 can preferentially interact with the proximal gamma-promoter in the absence of the SSE, completely silencing a linked beta-promoter. Mutation of a 20-base pair sequence of the gamma-gene 5'-untranslated region (UTR) led to derepression of beta-promoter activity. A marked activation of gamma-promoter activity was also observed with this mutation, suggesting the presence of a repressor. Fine mutagenesis dissected these activities to different regions of the 5'-UTR. The stage selector activity was localized to a region centered on nucleotides +13 to +15. Electromobility shift assays utilizing this sequence demonstrated binding of a fetal and erythroid-specific protein. The repressor activity of the 5'-UTR was localized to tandem GATA-like sites, which appear to bind a complex of two proteins, one of which is the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. These results indicate that the 5'-UTR of the gamma-gene contains sequences that may be important for its transcriptional and developmental regulation."}

{"project":"jnlpba-st-training","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":28,"end":47},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":59,"end":81},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":89,"end":114},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":140,"end":162},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":176,"end":206},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":211,"end":234},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":242,"end":262},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":312,"end":332},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":406,"end":422},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":430,"end":452},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":460,"end":470},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":525,"end":534},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":583,"end":608},"obj":"cell_line"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":610,"end":614},"obj":"cell_line"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":639,"end":652},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":656,"end":679},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":717,"end":740},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":763,"end":766},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":791,"end":811},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":856,"end":889},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":891,"end":894},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":919,"end":932},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":966,"end":980},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":1140,"end":1146},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":1214,"end":1236},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1317,"end":1353},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1385,"end":1391},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1416,"end":1431},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":1501,"end":1531},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1532,"end":1538},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":1572,"end":1578},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":1586,"end":1596},"obj":"DNA"}],"text":"Identification of two novel regulatory elements within the 5'-untranslated region of the human A gamma-globin gene.\nInteraction between the stage selector element (SSE) in the proximal gamma-globin promoter and hypersensitivity site 2 in the locus control region partly mediates the competitive silencing of the beta-globin promoter in the fetal developmental stage. We have now demonstrated that a second SSE-like element in the 5'-untranslated region of the gamma-gene also contributes to this competitive silencing of the beta-gene. Utilizing transient transfection assays in the fetal erythroid cell line, K562, we have shown that the core enhancer of hypersensitivity site 2 can preferentially interact with the proximal gamma-promoter in the absence of the SSE, completely silencing a linked beta-promoter. Mutation of a 20-base pair sequence of the gamma-gene 5'-untranslated region (UTR) led to derepression of beta-promoter activity. A marked activation of gamma-promoter activity was also observed with this mutation, suggesting the presence of a repressor. Fine mutagenesis dissected these activities to different regions of the 5'-UTR. The stage selector activity was localized to a region centered on nucleotides +13 to +15. Electromobility shift assays utilizing this sequence demonstrated binding of a fetal and erythroid-specific protein. The repressor activity of the 5'-UTR was localized to tandem GATA-like sites, which appear to bind a complex of two proteins, one of which is the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. These results indicate that the 5'-UTR of the gamma-gene contains sequences that may be important for its transcriptional and developmental regulation."}

{"project":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark","denotations":[{"id":"S1","span":{"begin":0,"end":115},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S2","span":{"begin":116,"end":366},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S3","span":{"begin":367,"end":535},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S4","span":{"begin":536,"end":812},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S5","span":{"begin":813,"end":942},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S6","span":{"begin":943,"end":1067},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S7","span":{"begin":1068,"end":1147},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S8","span":{"begin":1148,"end":1237},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S9","span":{"begin":1238,"end":1354},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S10","span":{"begin":1355,"end":1539},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S11","span":{"begin":1540,"end":1691},"obj":"Sentence"}],"text":"Identification of two novel regulatory elements within the 5'-untranslated region of the human A gamma-globin gene.\nInteraction between the stage selector element (SSE) in the proximal gamma-globin promoter and hypersensitivity site 2 in the locus control region partly mediates the competitive silencing of the beta-globin promoter in the fetal developmental stage. We have now demonstrated that a second SSE-like element in the 5'-untranslated region of the gamma-gene also contributes to this competitive silencing of the beta-gene. Utilizing transient transfection assays in the fetal erythroid cell line, K562, we have shown that the core enhancer of hypersensitivity site 2 can preferentially interact with the proximal gamma-promoter in the absence of the SSE, completely silencing a linked beta-promoter. Mutation of a 20-base pair sequence of the gamma-gene 5'-untranslated region (UTR) led to derepression of beta-promoter activity. A marked activation of gamma-promoter activity was also observed with this mutation, suggesting the presence of a repressor. Fine mutagenesis dissected these activities to different regions of the 5'-UTR. The stage selector activity was localized to a region centered on nucleotides +13 to +15. Electromobility shift assays utilizing this sequence demonstrated binding of a fetal and erythroid-specific protein. The repressor activity of the 5'-UTR was localized to tandem GATA-like sites, which appear to bind a complex of two proteins, one of which is the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. These results indicate that the 5'-UTR of the gamma-gene contains sequences that may be important for its transcriptional and developmental regulation."}

{"project":"genia-medco-coref","denotations":[{"id":"C1","span":{"begin":55,"end":114},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C2","span":{"begin":136,"end":168},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C3","span":{"begin":172,"end":206},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C4","span":{"begin":211,"end":234},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C5","span":{"begin":279,"end":332},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C7","span":{"begin":426,"end":470},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C6","span":{"begin":397,"end":470},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C8","span":{"begin":491,"end":534},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C9","span":{"begin":579,"end":608},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C10","span":{"begin":610,"end":614},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C12","span":{"begin":656,"end":679},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C11","span":{"begin":635,"end":679},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C13","span":{"begin":713,"end":740},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C14","span":{"begin":759,"end":766},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C16","span":{"begin":852,"end":895},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C15","span":{"begin":813,"end":895},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C17","span":{"begin":966,"end":989},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C18","span":{"begin":1013,"end":1026},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C19","span":{"begin":1095,"end":1111},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C20","span":{"begin":1136,"end":1146},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C21","span":{"begin":1193,"end":1236},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C22","span":{"begin":1277,"end":1290},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C23","span":{"begin":1381,"end":1391},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C24","span":{"begin":1409,"end":1431},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C25","span":{"begin":1433,"end":1438},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C26","span":{"begin":1467,"end":1479},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C27","span":{"begin":1488,"end":1493},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C28","span":{"begin":1568,"end":1596},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C29","span":{"begin":1606,"end":1615},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C30","span":{"begin":1616,"end":1620},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C31","span":{"begin":1642,"end":1645},"obj":"NP"}],"relations":[{"id":"R1","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C7","obj":"C1"},{"id":"R2","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C8","obj":"C5"},{"id":"R3","pred":"coref-appos","subj":"C10","obj":"C9"},{"id":"R4","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C12","obj":"C4"},{"id":"R5","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C11","obj":"C6"},{"id":"R6","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C13","obj":"C3"},{"id":"R7","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C14","obj":"C2"},{"id":"R8","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C16","obj":"C7"},{"id":"R9","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C18","obj":"C15"},{"id":"R10","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C19","obj":"C17"},{"id":"R11","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C20","obj":"C16"},{"id":"R12","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C22","obj":"C21"},{"id":"R13","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C23","obj":"C20"},{"id":"R14","pred":"coref-relat","subj":"C25","obj":"C24"},{"id":"R15","pred":"coref-relat","subj":"C27","obj":"C26"},{"id":"R16","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C28","obj":"C23"},{"id":"R17","pred":"coref-relat","subj":"C30","obj":"C29"},{"id":"R18","pred":"coref-pron","subj":"C31","obj":"C28"}],"text":"Identification of two novel regulatory elements within the 5'-untranslated region of the human A gamma-globin gene.\nInteraction between the stage selector element (SSE) in the proximal gamma-globin promoter and hypersensitivity site 2 in the locus control region partly mediates the competitive silencing of the beta-globin promoter in the fetal developmental stage. We have now demonstrated that a second SSE-like element in the 5'-untranslated region of the gamma-gene also contributes to this competitive silencing of the beta-gene. Utilizing transient transfection assays in the fetal erythroid cell line, K562, we have shown that the core enhancer of hypersensitivity site 2 can preferentially interact with the proximal gamma-promoter in the absence of the SSE, completely silencing a linked beta-promoter. Mutation of a 20-base pair sequence of the gamma-gene 5'-untranslated region (UTR) led to derepression of beta-promoter activity. A marked activation of gamma-promoter activity was also observed with this mutation, suggesting the presence of a repressor. Fine mutagenesis dissected these activities to different regions of the 5'-UTR. The stage selector activity was localized to a region centered on nucleotides +13 to +15. Electromobility shift assays utilizing this sequence demonstrated binding of a fetal and erythroid-specific protein. The repressor activity of the 5'-UTR was localized to tandem GATA-like sites, which appear to bind a complex of two proteins, one of which is the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. These results indicate that the 5'-UTR of the gamma-gene contains sequences that may be important for its transcriptional and developmental regulation."}

{"project":"GENIAcorpus","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":28,"end":47},"obj":"DNA_family_or_group"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":59,"end":81},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":89,"end":114},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":140,"end":162},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":164,"end":167},"obj":"DNA_substructure"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":176,"end":206},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":211,"end":234},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":242,"end":262},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":312,"end":332},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":406,"end":422},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":430,"end":452},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":460,"end":470},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":525,"end":534},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":546,"end":575},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":583,"end":608},"obj":"cell_line"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":610,"end":614},"obj":"cell_line"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":639,"end":652},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":656,"end":679},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":717,"end":740},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":763,"end":766},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":791,"end":811},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":856,"end":889},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":891,"end":894},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":919,"end":932},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":966,"end":980},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1018,"end":1026},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1073,"end":1084},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1140,"end":1146},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":1152,"end":1175},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1214,"end":1236},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":1238,"end":1266},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":1359,"end":1377},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":1385,"end":1391},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1416,"end":1431},"obj":"DNA_family_or_group"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":1501,"end":1510},"obj":"protein_family_or_group"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":1511,"end":1531},"obj":"protein_family_or_group"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":1532,"end":1538},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":1572,"end":1578},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":1586,"end":1596},"obj":"DNA_domain_or_region"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":1646,"end":1661},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":1666,"end":1690},"obj":"other_name"}],"text":"Identification of two novel regulatory elements within the 5'-untranslated region of the human A gamma-globin gene.\nInteraction between the stage selector element (SSE) in the proximal gamma-globin promoter and hypersensitivity site 2 in the locus control region partly mediates the competitive silencing of the beta-globin promoter in the fetal developmental stage. We have now demonstrated that a second SSE-like element in the 5'-untranslated region of the gamma-gene also contributes to this competitive silencing of the beta-gene. Utilizing transient transfection assays in the fetal erythroid cell line, K562, we have shown that the core enhancer of hypersensitivity site 2 can preferentially interact with the proximal gamma-promoter in the absence of the SSE, completely silencing a linked beta-promoter. Mutation of a 20-base pair sequence of the gamma-gene 5'-untranslated region (UTR) led to derepression of beta-promoter activity. A marked activation of gamma-promoter activity was also observed with this mutation, suggesting the presence of a repressor. Fine mutagenesis dissected these activities to different regions of the 5'-UTR. The stage selector activity was localized to a region centered on nucleotides +13 to +15. Electromobility shift assays utilizing this sequence demonstrated binding of a fetal and erythroid-specific protein. The repressor activity of the 5'-UTR was localized to tandem GATA-like sites, which appear to bind a complex of two proteins, one of which is the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. These results indicate that the 5'-UTR of the gamma-gene contains sequences that may be important for its transcriptional and developmental regulation."}

{"project":"Anatomy-MAT","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":176,"end":184},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":717,"end":725},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000491"},{"id":"A2","pred":"mat_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000491"}],"text":"Identification of two novel regulatory elements within the 5'-untranslated region of the human A gamma-globin gene.\nInteraction between the stage selector element (SSE) in the proximal gamma-globin promoter and hypersensitivity site 2 in the locus control region partly mediates the competitive silencing of the beta-globin promoter in the fetal developmental stage. We have now demonstrated that a second SSE-like element in the 5'-untranslated region of the gamma-gene also contributes to this competitive silencing of the beta-gene. Utilizing transient transfection assays in the fetal erythroid cell line, K562, we have shown that the core enhancer of hypersensitivity site 2 can preferentially interact with the proximal gamma-promoter in the absence of the SSE, completely silencing a linked beta-promoter. Mutation of a 20-base pair sequence of the gamma-gene 5'-untranslated region (UTR) led to derepression of beta-promoter activity. A marked activation of gamma-promoter activity was also observed with this mutation, suggesting the presence of a repressor. Fine mutagenesis dissected these activities to different regions of the 5'-UTR. The stage selector activity was localized to a region centered on nucleotides +13 to +15. Electromobility shift assays utilizing this sequence demonstrated binding of a fetal and erythroid-specific protein. The repressor activity of the 5'-UTR was localized to tandem GATA-like sites, which appear to bind a complex of two proteins, one of which is the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. These results indicate that the 5'-UTR of the gamma-gene contains sequences that may be important for its transcriptional and developmental regulation."}

{"project":"HP-phenotype","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":211,"end":227},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":656,"end":672},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T1","obj":"HP:0041092"},{"id":"A2","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T2","obj":"HP:0041092"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"HP","uri":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_"}],"text":"Identification of two novel regulatory elements within the 5'-untranslated region of the human A gamma-globin gene.\nInteraction between the stage selector element (SSE) in the proximal gamma-globin promoter and hypersensitivity site 2 in the locus control region partly mediates the competitive silencing of the beta-globin promoter in the fetal developmental stage. We have now demonstrated that a second SSE-like element in the 5'-untranslated region of the gamma-gene also contributes to this competitive silencing of the beta-gene. Utilizing transient transfection assays in the fetal erythroid cell line, K562, we have shown that the core enhancer of hypersensitivity site 2 can preferentially interact with the proximal gamma-promoter in the absence of the SSE, completely silencing a linked beta-promoter. Mutation of a 20-base pair sequence of the gamma-gene 5'-untranslated region (UTR) led to derepression of beta-promoter activity. A marked activation of gamma-promoter activity was also observed with this mutation, suggesting the presence of a repressor. Fine mutagenesis dissected these activities to different regions of the 5'-UTR. The stage selector activity was localized to a region centered on nucleotides +13 to +15. Electromobility shift assays utilizing this sequence demonstrated binding of a fetal and erythroid-specific protein. The repressor activity of the 5'-UTR was localized to tandem GATA-like sites, which appear to bind a complex of two proteins, one of which is the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. These results indicate that the 5'-UTR of the gamma-gene contains sequences that may be important for its transcriptional and developmental regulation."}

{"project":"mondo_disease","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":211,"end":227},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":656,"end":672},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000605"},{"id":"A2","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005271"},{"id":"A3","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000605"},{"id":"A4","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005271"}],"text":"Identification of two novel regulatory elements within the 5'-untranslated region of the human A gamma-globin gene.\nInteraction between the stage selector element (SSE) in the proximal gamma-globin promoter and hypersensitivity site 2 in the locus control region partly mediates the competitive silencing of the beta-globin promoter in the fetal developmental stage. We have now demonstrated that a second SSE-like element in the 5'-untranslated region of the gamma-gene also contributes to this competitive silencing of the beta-gene. Utilizing transient transfection assays in the fetal erythroid cell line, K562, we have shown that the core enhancer of hypersensitivity site 2 can preferentially interact with the proximal gamma-promoter in the absence of the SSE, completely silencing a linked beta-promoter. Mutation of a 20-base pair sequence of the gamma-gene 5'-untranslated region (UTR) led to derepression of beta-promoter activity. A marked activation of gamma-promoter activity was also observed with this mutation, suggesting the presence of a repressor. Fine mutagenesis dissected these activities to different regions of the 5'-UTR. The stage selector activity was localized to a region centered on nucleotides +13 to +15. Electromobility shift assays utilizing this sequence demonstrated binding of a fetal and erythroid-specific protein. The repressor activity of the 5'-UTR was localized to tandem GATA-like sites, which appear to bind a complex of two proteins, one of which is the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. These results indicate that the 5'-UTR of the gamma-gene contains sequences that may be important for its transcriptional and developmental regulation."}

{"project":"NCBITAXON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":89,"end":94},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"db_id","subj":"T1","obj":"9606"}],"text":"Identification of two novel regulatory elements within the 5'-untranslated region of the human A gamma-globin gene.\nInteraction between the stage selector element (SSE) in the proximal gamma-globin promoter and hypersensitivity site 2 in the locus control region partly mediates the competitive silencing of the beta-globin promoter in the fetal developmental stage. We have now demonstrated that a second SSE-like element in the 5'-untranslated region of the gamma-gene also contributes to this competitive silencing of the beta-gene. Utilizing transient transfection assays in the fetal erythroid cell line, K562, we have shown that the core enhancer of hypersensitivity site 2 can preferentially interact with the proximal gamma-promoter in the absence of the SSE, completely silencing a linked beta-promoter. Mutation of a 20-base pair sequence of the gamma-gene 5'-untranslated region (UTR) led to derepression of beta-promoter activity. A marked activation of gamma-promoter activity was also observed with this mutation, suggesting the presence of a repressor. Fine mutagenesis dissected these activities to different regions of the 5'-UTR. The stage selector activity was localized to a region centered on nucleotides +13 to +15. Electromobility shift assays utilizing this sequence demonstrated binding of a fetal and erythroid-specific protein. The repressor activity of the 5'-UTR was localized to tandem GATA-like sites, which appear to bind a complex of two proteins, one of which is the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1. These results indicate that the 5'-UTR of the gamma-gene contains sequences that may be important for its transcriptional and developmental regulation."}