PubMed:36178534 JSONTXT

{"project":"chenxin_473849_800_3","denotations":[{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":113,"end":128},"obj":"DP"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":270,"end":285},"obj":"DP"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":435,"end":450},"obj":"DP"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":576,"end":591},"obj":"DP"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1935,"end":1950},"obj":"DP"}],"text":"Hyperbaric oxygen rapidly improves tissue-specific insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial capacity in humans with type 2 diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial.\nAIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy may improve hyperglycaemia in humans with type 2 diabetes, but underlying mechanisms are unclear. Our objective was to examine the glucometabolic effects of HBO on whole-body glucose disposal in humans with type 2 diabetes.\nMETHODS: In a randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial located at the German Diabetes Center, 12 male individuals with type 2 diabetes (age 18-75 years, BMI \u003c35 kg/m2, HbA1c 42-75 mmol/mol [6-9%]), randomly allocated by one person, underwent 2-h HBO, once with 100% (240 kPa; HBO) and once with 21% oxygen (240 kPa; control, CON). Insulin sensitivity was assessed by hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps with D-[6,6-2H2]glucose, hepatic and skeletal muscle energy metabolism were assessed by 1H/31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, while high-resolution respirometry measured skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue (WAT) mitochondrial capacity. All participants and people assessing the outcomes were blinded.\nRESULTS: HBO decreased fasting blood glucose by 19% and increased whole-body, hepatic and WAT insulin sensitivity about one-third (p\u003c0.05 vs CON). Upon HBO, hepatic γ-ATP concentrations doubled, mitochondrial respiratory control doubled in skeletal muscle and tripled in WAT (p\u003c0.05 vs CON). HBO increased myocellular insulin-stimulated serine-473/threonine-308 phosphorylation of Akt but decreased basal inhibitory serine-1101 phosphorylation of IRS-1 and endoplasmic reticulum stress (p\u003c0.05 vs CON).\nCONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: HBO-mediated improvement of insulin sensitivity likely results from decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress and increased mitochondrial capacity, possibly leading to low-dose reactive oxygen species-mediated mitohormesis in humans with type 2 diabetes.\nTRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04219215 FUNDING: German Federal Ministry of Health, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, North-Rhine Westfalia Ministry of Culture and Science, European-Regional-Development-Fund, German-Research-Foundation (DFG), Schmutzler Stiftung."}

{"project":"yangbin123xm_800_3","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":113,"end":128},"obj":"DP"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":270,"end":285},"obj":"DP"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":435,"end":450},"obj":"DP"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":576,"end":591},"obj":"DP"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1935,"end":1950},"obj":"DP"}],"text":"Hyperbaric oxygen rapidly improves tissue-specific insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial capacity in humans with type 2 diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial.\nAIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy may improve hyperglycaemia in humans with type 2 diabetes, but underlying mechanisms are unclear. Our objective was to examine the glucometabolic effects of HBO on whole-body glucose disposal in humans with type 2 diabetes.\nMETHODS: In a randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial located at the German Diabetes Center, 12 male individuals with type 2 diabetes (age 18-75 years, BMI \u003c35 kg/m2, HbA1c 42-75 mmol/mol [6-9%]), randomly allocated by one person, underwent 2-h HBO, once with 100% (240 kPa; HBO) and once with 21% oxygen (240 kPa; control, CON). Insulin sensitivity was assessed by hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps with D-[6,6-2H2]glucose, hepatic and skeletal muscle energy metabolism were assessed by 1H/31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, while high-resolution respirometry measured skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue (WAT) mitochondrial capacity. All participants and people assessing the outcomes were blinded.\nRESULTS: HBO decreased fasting blood glucose by 19% and increased whole-body, hepatic and WAT insulin sensitivity about one-third (p\u003c0.05 vs CON). Upon HBO, hepatic γ-ATP concentrations doubled, mitochondrial respiratory control doubled in skeletal muscle and tripled in WAT (p\u003c0.05 vs CON). HBO increased myocellular insulin-stimulated serine-473/threonine-308 phosphorylation of Akt but decreased basal inhibitory serine-1101 phosphorylation of IRS-1 and endoplasmic reticulum stress (p\u003c0.05 vs CON).\nCONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: HBO-mediated improvement of insulin sensitivity likely results from decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress and increased mitochondrial capacity, possibly leading to low-dose reactive oxygen species-mediated mitohormesis in humans with type 2 diabetes.\nTRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04219215 FUNDING: German Federal Ministry of Health, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, North-Rhine Westfalia Ministry of Culture and Science, European-Regional-Development-Fund, German-Research-Foundation (DFG), Schmutzler Stiftung."}