Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T1 |
0-205 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In vitro comparison of major memory-support dietary supplements for their effectiveness in reduction/inhibition of beta-amyloid protein fibrils and tau protein tangles: key primary targets for memory loss. |
T2 |
206-434 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Memory loss is primarily caused by the accumulation of both brain plaques [(consisting of beta-amyloid protein (Aβ) 1-42)] and neurofibrillary tangles (consisting of paired helical and straight filaments containing tau protein). |
T3 |
435-551 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Neuroinflammation is the third key and important factor that leads to accelerated memory loss and eventual dementia. |
T4 |
552-726 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Brain plaques, tangles and inflammation is the trilogy mainly responsible for causing memory loss that has now been documented for over 20 years in the scientific literature. |
T5 |
727-1055 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The present investigation used in vitro quantitative methods to directly compare the ability of major memory-support dietary supplements to reduce pre-formed Aβ 1-42 fibrils (21 supplements tested) and tau protein paired helical/straight filaments (13 supplements tested)-two of the three most important targets for memory loss. |
T6 |
1056-1444 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Additionally, 18 different manufacturers of cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) were directly compared for their ability to inhibit/reduce Aβ 1-42 fibrils and/or tau paired helical/straight filaments based on recent findings that PTI-00703 cat's claw is a specific and potent inhibitor/reducer of all three targets -brain plaques, tangles and inflammation (Snow et al. in Sci Rep 9:561, 2019). |
T7 |
1445-1660 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In the present investigation quantitative Thioflavin T fluorometry was used on a comparative weight-to-weight basis at increasing concentrations with ingredients tested from the actual capsules the consumer ingests. |
T8 |
1661-1844 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Major memory-support dietary supplements were directly compared for their ability to inhibit and disaggregate/reduce both Aβ 1-42 fibrils and/or tau paired helical/straight filaments. |
T9 |
1845-2267 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Dietary supplements touted to enhance memory comparatively tested included Prevagen, FOCUSfactor, PROCERA AVH, Alpha Brain, NAD+OVIM, BRAIN JUICE, Cebria, EXCELEROL, NOOCUBE, US Doctor's Clinical Brain Power ADVANCED, healthycell pro, LUMONOL, Brain Awake, BRAIN ARMOR, brainMD (BRAIN & MEMORY POWER BOOST), Brain Support, Clarity (BRAIN HEALTH FORMULA), brainMD (NEUROVITE PLUS), neuriva (Original and Plus) and percepta. |
T10 |
2268-2419 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This is the first paper to actually comparatively test these memory-support supplements for their ability to reduce Aβ fibrils and tau protein tangles. |
T11 |
2420-2784 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Percepta (PTI-00703 cat's claw and a specific oolong tea extract) was determined to be the most effective and potent memory support dietary supplement to disaggregate/disrupt Aβ 1-42 fibrils (range of 25-89%) and tau paired helical/straight filaments (range of 26-86%) at all 3-4 doses tested in comparison to other major memory-support dietary supplements tested. |
T12 |
2785-2942 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This was at least more than double (> 50%) for percepta reducing Aβ 1-42 fibrils and in comparison to the other 20 memory-support dietary supplements tested. |
T13 |
2943-3596 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The ranking order for memory-support supplement effects based on reducing Aβ 1-42 fibrils (Aβ 1-42: memory-support supplement at 1:0.1 weight-to-weight in a 3-day study) was percepta (69.6% reduction) >>> Alpha Brain (34.9% reduction) = US Doctor's Clinical Brain Power ADVANCED (32.4%) = BRAIN JUICE (30.1%) = neuriva Plus (27%) = neuriva Original (27%) > NEUROVITE PLUS (22.9%) = NOOCUBE (19.9%) = EXCELEROL (17.3%) = healthycell pro (17.2%) > Prevagen (12.9%) > PROCERA AVH (6.5%) = FOCUSfactor (5.5%) > Cebria (0%) = Brain Awake (0%) = Brain Support (0%) = brainMD (BRAIN & MEMORY POWER BOOST) (0%) = NAD+OVIM (0%) = BRAIN ARMOR (0%) = LUMONOL (0%). |
T14 |
3597-4080 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The ranking order for memory support supplement effects on reducing tau paired helical/straight filaments (tau:memory supplement at 1:1 weight-to-weight at 3 days) was percepta (85.7% reduction) >>> neuriva Plus (57.9%) >> BRAIN JUICE (41.9%) = EXCELEROL (41.0%) = neuriva Original (38.4%) = US Doctor's Clinical Brain Power ADVANCED (38.3%) = healthycell pro (37.6%) >> Alpha Brain (27.9%) >> NOOCUBE (17.6%) >> FOCUSfactor (8.7%) > Cebria (3.6%) = PROCERA AVH (0%) = Prevagen (0%). |
T15 |
4081-4258 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Congo red staining, Thioflavin S fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and electron microscopy confirmed the positive results observed with the supplement percepta. |
T16 |
4259-4406 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CD spectroscopy demonstrated that percepta caused a marked inhibition of beta-sheet secondary folding of tau protein into paired helical filaments. |
T17 |
4407-4657 |
Sentence |
denotes |
PTI-00703 cat's claw (main ingredient in percepta) was also identified as the most potent cat's claw bark powder (Uncaria tomentosa) to reduce and inhibit Aβ 1-42 fibrils and tau tangles in comparison to 17 other manufacturers of cat's claw extracts. |
T18 |
4658-5000 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Although there are thousands of brain memory-support dietary supplements in the marketplace today, none of them have been directly compared and analyzed for their ability to reduce and/or inhibit two major targets of memory loss i.e. Aβ 1-42 fibrils and tau paired helical/straight filaments (major constituents of brain plaques and tangles). |
T19 |
5001-5388 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In our comparison studies, we show that percepta has the most potent ability to disaggregate/reduce Aβ 1-42 fibrils and tau protein paired helical/straight filaments as demonstrated by a variety of methods most likely due to the specific polyphenol content in PTI-00703 cat's claw (i.e. polyphenols and proanthocyanidins) as we have previously shown (Snow et al. in Sci Rep 9:561, 2019). |
T20 |
5389-5611 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Memory-support dietary supplements tested that also contained polyphenols and/or cat's claw in their product demonstrated some Aβ fibril and tau protein tangle reducing activity, but were much less effective than percepta. |
T21 |
5612-5924 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Percepta's main ingredient, PTI-00703 cat's claw, has previously been shown to reduce brain amyloid plaques and Aβ 1-42/40 insoluble/soluble levels in brain (in plaque-producing transgenic mice) with marked concurrent memory improvements (shown by Morris water maze testing) (Snow et al. in Sci Rep 9:561, 2019). |
T22 |
5925-6154 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The present investigation further confirms that percepta is one of the best dietary supplements that causes a marked reduction and inhibition of Aβ fibrils and tau tangle filaments -two important major targets for memory-support. |
T23 |
6155-6434 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In addition, PTI-00703 cat's claw was the most effective cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) ingredient for reducing /disaggregating and inhibiting Aβ 1-42 fibrils and tau protein paired helical/straight filaments in comparison to 17 other manufacturers of cat's claw extracts tested. |
T1 |
0-205 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In vitro comparison of major memory-support dietary supplements for their effectiveness in reduction/inhibition of beta-amyloid protein fibrils and tau protein tangles: key primary targets for memory loss. |
T2 |
206-434 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Memory loss is primarily caused by the accumulation of both brain plaques [(consisting of beta-amyloid protein (Aβ) 1-42)] and neurofibrillary tangles (consisting of paired helical and straight filaments containing tau protein). |
T3 |
435-551 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Neuroinflammation is the third key and important factor that leads to accelerated memory loss and eventual dementia. |
T4 |
552-726 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Brain plaques, tangles and inflammation is the trilogy mainly responsible for causing memory loss that has now been documented for over 20 years in the scientific literature. |
T5 |
727-1055 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The present investigation used in vitro quantitative methods to directly compare the ability of major memory-support dietary supplements to reduce pre-formed Aβ 1-42 fibrils (21 supplements tested) and tau protein paired helical/straight filaments (13 supplements tested)-two of the three most important targets for memory loss. |
T6 |
1056-1444 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Additionally, 18 different manufacturers of cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) were directly compared for their ability to inhibit/reduce Aβ 1-42 fibrils and/or tau paired helical/straight filaments based on recent findings that PTI-00703 cat's claw is a specific and potent inhibitor/reducer of all three targets -brain plaques, tangles and inflammation (Snow et al. in Sci Rep 9:561, 2019). |
T7 |
1445-1660 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In the present investigation quantitative Thioflavin T fluorometry was used on a comparative weight-to-weight basis at increasing concentrations with ingredients tested from the actual capsules the consumer ingests. |
T8 |
1661-1844 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Major memory-support dietary supplements were directly compared for their ability to inhibit and disaggregate/reduce both Aβ 1-42 fibrils and/or tau paired helical/straight filaments. |
T9 |
1845-2267 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Dietary supplements touted to enhance memory comparatively tested included Prevagen, FOCUSfactor, PROCERA AVH, Alpha Brain, NAD+OVIM, BRAIN JUICE, Cebria, EXCELEROL, NOOCUBE, US Doctor's Clinical Brain Power ADVANCED, healthycell pro, LUMONOL, Brain Awake, BRAIN ARMOR, brainMD (BRAIN & MEMORY POWER BOOST), Brain Support, Clarity (BRAIN HEALTH FORMULA), brainMD (NEUROVITE PLUS), neuriva (Original and Plus) and percepta. |
T10 |
2268-2419 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This is the first paper to actually comparatively test these memory-support supplements for their ability to reduce Aβ fibrils and tau protein tangles. |
T11 |
2420-2784 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Percepta (PTI-00703 cat's claw and a specific oolong tea extract) was determined to be the most effective and potent memory support dietary supplement to disaggregate/disrupt Aβ 1-42 fibrils (range of 25-89%) and tau paired helical/straight filaments (range of 26-86%) at all 3-4 doses tested in comparison to other major memory-support dietary supplements tested. |
T12 |
2785-2942 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This was at least more than double (> 50%) for percepta reducing Aβ 1-42 fibrils and in comparison to the other 20 memory-support dietary supplements tested. |
T13 |
2943-3596 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The ranking order for memory-support supplement effects based on reducing Aβ 1-42 fibrils (Aβ 1-42: memory-support supplement at 1:0.1 weight-to-weight in a 3-day study) was percepta (69.6% reduction) >>> Alpha Brain (34.9% reduction) = US Doctor's Clinical Brain Power ADVANCED (32.4%) = BRAIN JUICE (30.1%) = neuriva Plus (27%) = neuriva Original (27%) > NEUROVITE PLUS (22.9%) = NOOCUBE (19.9%) = EXCELEROL (17.3%) = healthycell pro (17.2%) > Prevagen (12.9%) > PROCERA AVH (6.5%) = FOCUSfactor (5.5%) > Cebria (0%) = Brain Awake (0%) = Brain Support (0%) = brainMD (BRAIN & MEMORY POWER BOOST) (0%) = NAD+OVIM (0%) = BRAIN ARMOR (0%) = LUMONOL (0%). |
T14 |
3597-4080 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The ranking order for memory support supplement effects on reducing tau paired helical/straight filaments (tau:memory supplement at 1:1 weight-to-weight at 3 days) was percepta (85.7% reduction) >>> neuriva Plus (57.9%) >> BRAIN JUICE (41.9%) = EXCELEROL (41.0%) = neuriva Original (38.4%) = US Doctor's Clinical Brain Power ADVANCED (38.3%) = healthycell pro (37.6%) >> Alpha Brain (27.9%) >> NOOCUBE (17.6%) >> FOCUSfactor (8.7%) > Cebria (3.6%) = PROCERA AVH (0%) = Prevagen (0%). |
T15 |
4081-4258 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Congo red staining, Thioflavin S fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and electron microscopy confirmed the positive results observed with the supplement percepta. |
T16 |
4259-4406 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CD spectroscopy demonstrated that percepta caused a marked inhibition of beta-sheet secondary folding of tau protein into paired helical filaments. |
T17 |
4407-4657 |
Sentence |
denotes |
PTI-00703 cat's claw (main ingredient in percepta) was also identified as the most potent cat's claw bark powder (Uncaria tomentosa) to reduce and inhibit Aβ 1-42 fibrils and tau tangles in comparison to 17 other manufacturers of cat's claw extracts. |
T18 |
4658-5000 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Although there are thousands of brain memory-support dietary supplements in the marketplace today, none of them have been directly compared and analyzed for their ability to reduce and/or inhibit two major targets of memory loss i.e. Aβ 1-42 fibrils and tau paired helical/straight filaments (major constituents of brain plaques and tangles). |
T19 |
5001-5388 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In our comparison studies, we show that percepta has the most potent ability to disaggregate/reduce Aβ 1-42 fibrils and tau protein paired helical/straight filaments as demonstrated by a variety of methods most likely due to the specific polyphenol content in PTI-00703 cat's claw (i.e. polyphenols and proanthocyanidins) as we have previously shown (Snow et al. in Sci Rep 9:561, 2019). |
T20 |
5389-5611 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Memory-support dietary supplements tested that also contained polyphenols and/or cat's claw in their product demonstrated some Aβ fibril and tau protein tangle reducing activity, but were much less effective than percepta. |
T21 |
5612-5924 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Percepta's main ingredient, PTI-00703 cat's claw, has previously been shown to reduce brain amyloid plaques and Aβ 1-42/40 insoluble/soluble levels in brain (in plaque-producing transgenic mice) with marked concurrent memory improvements (shown by Morris water maze testing) (Snow et al. in Sci Rep 9:561, 2019). |
T22 |
5925-6154 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The present investigation further confirms that percepta is one of the best dietary supplements that causes a marked reduction and inhibition of Aβ fibrils and tau tangle filaments -two important major targets for memory-support. |
T23 |
6155-6434 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In addition, PTI-00703 cat's claw was the most effective cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) ingredient for reducing /disaggregating and inhibiting Aβ 1-42 fibrils and tau protein paired helical/straight filaments in comparison to 17 other manufacturers of cat's claw extracts tested. |