| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T1 |
0-19 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Effects of ACT Out! |
| T2 |
20-110 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Social Issue Theater on Social-Emotional Competence and Bullying in Youth and Adolescents: |
| T3 |
111-147 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. |
| T4 |
148-159 |
Sentence |
denotes |
BACKGROUND: |
| T5 |
160-363 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Schools increasingly prioritize social-emotional competence and bullying and cyberbullying prevention, so the development of novel, low-cost, and high-yield programs addressing these topics is important. |
| T6 |
364-455 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Further, rigorous assessment of interventions prior to widespread dissemination is crucial. |
| T7 |
456-466 |
Sentence |
denotes |
OBJECTIVE: |
| T8 |
467-548 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This study assesses the effectiveness and implementation fidelity of the ACT Out! |
| T9 |
549-701 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Social Issue Theater program, a 1-hour psychodramatic intervention by professional actors; it also measures students' receptiveness to the intervention. |
| T10 |
702-710 |
Sentence |
denotes |
METHODS: |
| T11 |
711-1030 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This study is a 2-arm cluster randomized control trial with 1:1 allocation that randomized either to the ACT Out! intervention or control (treatment as usual) at the classroom level (n=76 classrooms in 12 schools across 5 counties in Indiana, comprised of 1571 students at pretest in fourth, seventh, and tenth grades). |
| T12 |
1031-1372 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The primary outcomes were self-reported social-emotional competence, bullying perpetration, and bullying victimization; the secondary outcomes were receptiveness to the intervention, implementation fidelity (independent observer observation), and prespecified subanalyses of social-emotional competence for seventh- and tenth-grade students. |
| T13 |
1373-1520 |
Sentence |
denotes |
All outcomes were collected at baseline and 2-week posttest, with planned 3-months posttest data collection prevented due to the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| T14 |
1521-1529 |
Sentence |
denotes |
RESULTS: |
| T15 |
1530-1644 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Intervention fidelity was uniformly excellent (>96% adherence), and students were highly receptive to the program. |
| T16 |
1645-1778 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, trial results did not support the hypothesis that the intervention would increase participants' social-emotional competence. |
| T17 |
1779-1985 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The intervention's impact on bullying was complicated to interpret and included some evidence of small interaction effects (reduced cyberbullying victimization and increased physical bullying perpetration). |
| T18 |
1986-2112 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Additionally, pooled within-group reductions were also observed and discussed but were not appropriate for causal attribution. |
| T19 |
2113-2125 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CONCLUSIONS: |
| T20 |
2126-2331 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This study found no superiority for a 1-hour ACT Out! intervention compared to treatment as usual for social-emotional competence or offline bullying, but some evidence of a small effect for cyberbullying. |
| T21 |
2332-2544 |
Sentence |
denotes |
On the basis of these results and the within-group effects, as a next step, we encourage research into whether the ACT Out! intervention may engender a bystander effect not amenable to randomization by classroom. |
| T22 |
2545-2783 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Therefore, we recommend a larger trial of the ACT Out! intervention that focuses specifically on cyberbullying, measures bystander behavior, is randomized by school, and is controlled for extant bullying prevention efforts at each school. |
| T23 |
2784-2803 |
Sentence |
denotes |
TRIAL REGISTRATION: |
| T24 |
2804-2884 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04097496; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04097496. |
| T25 |
2885-2955 |
Sentence |
denotes |
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/17900. |