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LitCovid-OGER-BB

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 29-38 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T2 29-38 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T3 29-38 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T4 48-57 DG_13 denotes darunavir
T5 67-82 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T6 122-127 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T7 153-164 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancies
T8 233-247 CHEBI:35705 denotes antiretroviral
T9 233-247 CHEBI:35705 denotes antiretroviral
T10 318-327 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T11 334-349 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T12 354-360 UBERON:0000395 denotes spiral
T13 361-367 UBERON:0001637 denotes artery
T14 405-414 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T15 405-414 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T16 405-414 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T17 419-428 DG_13 denotes darunavir
T18 480-491 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancies
T19 526-535 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T20 556-565 DG_13 denotes darunavir
T21 587-594 UBERON:0000995 denotes uterine
T22 595-610 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T23 615-621 UBERON:0000395 denotes spiral
T24 622-628 UBERON:0001637 denotes artery
T25 648-653 SP_6 denotes human
T26 648-653 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T27 666-671 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T28 768-776 GO:0007565 denotes pregnant
T29 814-819 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T30 869-880 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancies
T31 948-958 GO:0000003 denotes conception
T32 1024-1029 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T33 1139-1148 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T34 1159-1166 UBERON:0000995 denotes uterine
T35 1167-1182 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T36 1187-1193 UBERON:0000395 denotes spiral
T37 1194-1200 UBERON:0001637 denotes artery
T38 1243-1252 CHEBI:31781 denotes Lopinavir
T39 1243-1252 DG_23 denotes Lopinavir
T40 1243-1252 CHEBI:31781 denotes Lopinavir
T41 1257-1266 CHEBI:367163 denotes darunavir
T42 1257-1266 DG_13 denotes darunavir
T43 1257-1266 CHEBI:367163 denotes darunavir
T44 1335-1340 SP_6 denotes human
T45 1335-1340 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T46 1357-1365 UBERON:0001987 denotes placenta
T47 1366-1373 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidua
T48 1401-1406 SP_6 denotes human
T49 1401-1406 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T50 1415-1423 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidual
T51 1460-1465 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T52 1466-1475 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T53 1504-1515 GO:0007565 denotes gestational
T54 1532-1537 SP_6 denotes human
T55 1532-1537 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T56 1538-1546 UBERON:0001987 denotes placenta
T57 1547-1554 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidua
T58 1555-1561 UBERON:0000479 denotes tissue
T59 1638-1647 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T60 1664-1668 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T61 1717-1726 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T62 1717-1726 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T63 1717-1726 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T64 1733-1742 CHEBI:367163 denotes darunavir
T65 1733-1742 DG_13 denotes darunavir
T66 1733-1742 CHEBI:367163 denotes darunavir
T67 1751-1756 CHEBI:15377 denotes water
T68 1751-1756 CHEBI:15377 denotes water
T69 1806-1810 UBERON:0010148 denotes plug
T70 1874-1885 SP_6 denotes HODS: Human
T71 1874-1885 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes HODS: Human
T72 1887-1893 UBERON:0005396 denotes Spiral
T73 1894-1900 UBERON:0001637 denotes artery
T74 1976-1984 UBERON:0001987 denotes placenta
T75 1985-1992 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidua
T76 2020-2031 UBERON:0000088 denotes Trophoblast
T77 2063-2072 UBERON:0001987 denotes placental
T78 2092-2099 CL:0000001 denotes primary
T79 2100-2108 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidual
T80 2160-2166 UBERON:0002405 denotes immune
T81 2160-2171 CL:0000738 denotes immune cell
T82 2244-2259 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T83 2264-2276 GO:0001525 denotes angiogenesis
T84 2327-2334 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidua
T85 2354-2359 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mouse
T86 2368-2373 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T87 2374-2383 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T88 2391-2402 GO:0007565 denotes gestational
T89 2418-2430 GO:0007566 denotes implantation
T90 2457-2472 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T91 2474-2480 UBERON:0000395 denotes spiral
T92 2481-2487 UBERON:0001637 denotes artery
T93 2503-2510 UBERON:0000995 denotes uterine
T94 2511-2525 CL:0000623 denotes natural killer
T95 2591-2596 PR:000002089 denotes STAT3
T96 2641-2646 SP_6 denotes human
T97 2641-2646 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T98 2647-2654 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidua
T99 2659-2664 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T100 2665-2677 GO:0007566 denotes implantation
T101 2694-2731 DG_23 denotes LTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Lopinavir
T102 2746-2755 DG_13 denotes darunavir
T103 2771-2778 UBERON:0000995 denotes uterine
T104 2779-2794 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T105 2806-2812 UBERON:0001637 denotes artery
T106 2853-2862 CHEBI:31781 denotes Lopinavir
T107 2853-2862 DG_23 denotes Lopinavir
T108 2853-2862 CHEBI:31781 denotes Lopinavir
T109 2945-2956 UBERON:0000088 denotes trophoblast
T110 2957-2966 GO:0051546 denotes migration
T111 2981-2993 UBERON:0001987 denotes placentation
T112 2981-2993 GO:0001890 denotes placentation
T113 2999-3008 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T114 2999-3008 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T115 2999-3008 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T116 3020-3035 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T117 3077-3087 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T118 3112-3117 PR:000002089 denotes STAT3
T119 3128-3136 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T120 3137-3152 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T121 3210-3219 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T122 3234-3243 DG_13 denotes darunavir
T123 3285-3304 UBERON:0001295 denotes uterine endometrium
T124 3339-3345 UBERON:0001637 denotes artery
T125 3361-3373 UBERON:0001987 denotes placentation
T126 3361-3373 GO:0001890 denotes placentation
T127 3405-3410 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T128 3482-3487 SP_6 denotes human
T129 3482-3487 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T130 3504-3512 UBERON:0001987 denotes placenta
T131 3513-3520 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidua
T132 3608-3617 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T133 3671-3678 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidua
T134 3684-3692 GO:0007565 denotes pregnant
T135 3809-3815 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animal
T136 3918-3924 UBERON:0002405 denotes immune
T137 3969-3979 GO:0001525 denotes angiogenic
T138 3992-4013 GO:0006956 denotes complement activation
T139 4044-4052 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidual
T140 4057-4066 UBERON:0001987 denotes placental
T141 4266-4271 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T142 4310-4321 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancies
T143 4333-4342 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T144 4333-4342 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T145 4333-4342 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T146 4385-4398 GO:0065007 denotes dysregulation
T147 4402-4417 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T148 4449-4458 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T149 4473-4482 DG_13 denotes darunavir
T150 4502-4511 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T151 4526-4531 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T152 4551-4560 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T153 4551-4560 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T154 4551-4560 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T155 4598-4607 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T156 4783-4792 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T157 4783-4792 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T158 4783-4792 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T159 4800-4809 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T160 4828-4837 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T161 4828-4837 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T162 4828-4837 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T163 4899-4908 DG_13 denotes darunavir
T164 4958-4967 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T165 5001-5009 SP_7 denotes COVID-19
T166 5020-5029 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T167 5020-5029 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T168 5020-5029 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T169 5047-5051 CHEBI:23888 denotes drug
T170 5047-5051 CHEBI:23888 denotes drug
T171 5195-5206 UBERON:0001004 denotes respiratory
T172 5264-5273 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T173 5264-5273 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T174 5264-5273 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T175 5332-5338 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes people
T176 5443-5454 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancies
T177 5497-5508 GO:0007565 denotes gestational
T178 5584-5595 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancies
T179 5621-5625 CHEBI:23888 denotes drug
T180 5621-5625 CHEBI:23888 denotes drug
T181 5643-5658 UBERON:0002450 denotes decidualization
T182 5729-5738 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T183 5729-5738 DG_23 denotes lopinavir
T184 5729-5738 CHEBI:31781 denotes lopinavir
T185 5746-5755 GO:0007565 denotes pregnancy
T186 5771-5783 GO:0000003 denotes reproductive
T187 6127-6130 CHEBI:37958 denotes Lye
T188 6127-6130 CHEBI:37958 denotes Lye

Inflammaging

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-165 Sentence denotes Periconceptional exposure to lopinavir, but not darunavir, impairs decidualization: a potential mechanism leading to poor birth outcomes in HIV-positive pregnancies.
T2 166-181 Sentence denotes STUDY QUESTION:
T3 182-379 Sentence denotes Does HIV protease inhibitor (PI)-based combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiated at periconception affect key events in early pregnancy, i.e. decidualization and spiral artery remodeling?
T4 380-395 Sentence denotes SUMMARY ANSWER:
T5 396-700 Sentence denotes Two PIs, lopinavir and darunavir, currently offered as cART options in HIV-positive pregnancies were evaluated, and we found that lopinavir-based cART, but not darunavir-based cART, impaired uterine decidualization and spiral artery remodeling in both human ex vivo and mouse in vivo experimental models.
T6 701-723 Sentence denotes WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY:
T7 724-799 Sentence denotes Early initiation of cART is recommended for pregnant women living with HIV.
T8 800-959 Sentence denotes However, poor birth outcomes are frequently observed in HIV-positive pregnancies exposed to PI-based cART, especially when it is initiated prior to conception.
T9 960-1212 Sentence denotes The correlation between early initiation of PI-cART and adverse birth outcomes is poorly understood, due to lack of data on the specific effects of PI-cART on the early stages of pregnancy involving uterine decidualization and spiral artery remodeling.
T10 1213-1242 Sentence denotes STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION:
T11 1243-1482 Sentence denotes Lopinavir and darunavir were evaluated in clinically relevant combinations using an ex vivo human first-trimester placenta-decidua explant model, an in vitro human primary decidual cell culture system, and an in vivo mouse pregnancy model.
T12 1483-1648 Sentence denotes The first-trimester (gestational age, 6-8 weeks) human placenta-decidua tissue was obtained from 11 to 15 healthy women undergoing elective termination of pregnancy.
T13 1649-1837 Sentence denotes C57Bl/6 female mice (four/treatment group) were administered either lopinavir-cART, darunavir-cART or water by oral gavage once daily starting on the day of plug detection until sacrifice.
T14 1838-1879 Sentence denotes PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS:
T15 1880-1886 Sentence denotes Human:
T16 1887-2019 Sentence denotes Spiral artery remodeling was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis of first-trimester placenta-decidua explant co-culture system.
T17 2020-2089 Sentence denotes Trophoblast migration was measured using a placental explant culture.
T18 2090-2202 Sentence denotes A primary decidual cell culture was used to evaluate the viability of immune cell populations by flow cytometry.
T19 2203-2353 Sentence denotes Soluble factors, including biomarkers of decidualization and angiogenesis, were quantified by ELISA and Luminex assay using decidua-conditioned media.
T20 2354-2360 Sentence denotes Mouse:
T21 2361-2569 Sentence denotes In the mouse pregnancy model, gestational day 6.5 or 9.5 implantation sites were used to assess decidualization, spiral artery remodeling and uterine natural killer (uNK) cell numbers by immunohistochemistry.
T22 2570-2684 Sentence denotes Transcription factor STAT3 was assayed by immunohistochemistry in both human decidua and mouse implantation sites.
T23 2685-2721 Sentence denotes MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE:
T24 2722-2852 Sentence denotes Lopinavir-cART, but not darunavir-cART, impaired uterine decidualization and spiral artery remodeling in both experimental models.
T25 2853-2994 Sentence denotes Lopinavir-cART treatment was also associated with selective depletion of uNK cells, reduced trophoblast migration and defective placentation.
T26 2995-3153 Sentence denotes The lopinavir-associated decidualization defects were attributed to a decrease in expression of transcription factor STAT3, known to regulate decidualization.
T27 3154-3420 Sentence denotes Our results suggest that periconceptional initiation of lopinavir-cART, but not darunavir-cART, causes defective maturation of the uterine endometrium, leading to impairments in spiral artery remodeling and placentation, thus contributing to the poor birth outcomes.
T28 3421-3443 Sentence denotes LARGE SCALE DATA: N/A.
T29 3444-3477 Sentence denotes LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION:
T30 3478-3618 Sentence denotes The human first-trimester placenta/decidua samples could only be obtained from healthy females undergoing elective termination of pregnancy.
T31 3619-3791 Sentence denotes As biopsy is the only way to obtain first-trimester decidua from pregnant women living with HIV on PI-cART, ethics approval and participant consent are difficult to obtain.
T32 3792-3879 Sentence denotes Furthermore, our animal model is limited to the study of cART and does not include HIV.
T33 3880-4115 Sentence denotes HIV infection is also associated with immune dysregulation, inflammation, alterations in angiogenic factors and complement activation, all of which could influence decidual and placental vascular remodeling and modify any cART effects.
T34 4116-4151 Sentence denotes WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS:
T35 4152-4364 Sentence denotes Our findings provide mechanistic insight with direct clinical implications, rationalizing why the highest adverse birth outcomes are reported in HIV-positive pregnancies exposed to lopinavir-cART from conception.
T36 4365-4541 Sentence denotes We demonstrate that dysregulation of decidualization is the mechanism through which lopinavir-cART, but not darunavir-cART, use in early pregnancy leads to poor birth outcomes.
T37 4542-4701 Sentence denotes Although lopinavir is no longer a first-line regimen in pregnancy, it remains an alternate regimen and is often the only PI available in low resource settings.
T38 4702-5215 Sentence denotes Our results highlight the need for reconsidering current guidelines recommending lopinavir use in pregnancy and indicate that lopinavir should be avoided especially in the first trimester, whereas darunavir is safe to use and should be the preferred PI in pregnancy.Further, in current times of the COVID-19 pandemic, lopinavir is among the top drug candidates which are being repurposed for inclusion in clinical trials world-over, to assess their therapeutic potential against the dangerous respiratory disease.
T39 5216-5364 Sentence denotes Current trials are also testing the efficacy of lopinavir given prophylactically to protect health care workers and people with potential exposures.
T40 5365-5516 Sentence denotes Given the current extraordinary numbers, these might include women with early pregnancies, who may or may not be cognizant of their gestational status.
T41 5517-5667 Sentence denotes This is a matter of concern as it could mean that women with early pregnancies might be exposed to this drug, which can cause decidualization defects.
T42 5668-5897 Sentence denotes Our findings provide evidence of safety concerns surrounding lopinavir use in pregnancy, that women of reproductive age considering participation in such trials should be made aware of, so they can make a fully informed decision.
T43 5898-5934 Sentence denotes STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S):
T44 5935-6061 Sentence denotes This work was supported by funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (PJT-148684 and MOP-130398 to L.S.).
T45 6062-6132 Sentence denotes C.D. received support from CIHR Foundation (FDN143262 to Stephen Lye).
T46 6133-6179 Sentence denotes S.K. received a TGHRI postdoctoral fellowship.
T47 6180-6240 Sentence denotes The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
T48 6241-6345 Sentence denotes L.S. reports personal fees from ViiV Healthcare for participation in a Women and Transgender Think Tank.
T1 0-165 Sentence denotes Periconceptional exposure to lopinavir, but not darunavir, impairs decidualization: a potential mechanism leading to poor birth outcomes in HIV-positive pregnancies.
T2 166-181 Sentence denotes STUDY QUESTION:
T3 182-379 Sentence denotes Does HIV protease inhibitor (PI)-based combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiated at periconception affect key events in early pregnancy, i.e. decidualization and spiral artery remodeling?
T4 380-395 Sentence denotes SUMMARY ANSWER:
T5 396-700 Sentence denotes Two PIs, lopinavir and darunavir, currently offered as cART options in HIV-positive pregnancies were evaluated, and we found that lopinavir-based cART, but not darunavir-based cART, impaired uterine decidualization and spiral artery remodeling in both human ex vivo and mouse in vivo experimental models.
T6 701-723 Sentence denotes WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY:
T7 724-799 Sentence denotes Early initiation of cART is recommended for pregnant women living with HIV.
T8 800-959 Sentence denotes However, poor birth outcomes are frequently observed in HIV-positive pregnancies exposed to PI-based cART, especially when it is initiated prior to conception.
T9 960-1212 Sentence denotes The correlation between early initiation of PI-cART and adverse birth outcomes is poorly understood, due to lack of data on the specific effects of PI-cART on the early stages of pregnancy involving uterine decidualization and spiral artery remodeling.
T10 1213-1242 Sentence denotes STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION:
T11 1243-1482 Sentence denotes Lopinavir and darunavir were evaluated in clinically relevant combinations using an ex vivo human first-trimester placenta-decidua explant model, an in vitro human primary decidual cell culture system, and an in vivo mouse pregnancy model.
T12 1483-1648 Sentence denotes The first-trimester (gestational age, 6-8 weeks) human placenta-decidua tissue was obtained from 11 to 15 healthy women undergoing elective termination of pregnancy.
T13 1649-1837 Sentence denotes C57Bl/6 female mice (four/treatment group) were administered either lopinavir-cART, darunavir-cART or water by oral gavage once daily starting on the day of plug detection until sacrifice.
T14 1838-1879 Sentence denotes PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS:
T15 1880-1886 Sentence denotes Human:
T16 1887-2019 Sentence denotes Spiral artery remodeling was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis of first-trimester placenta-decidua explant co-culture system.
T17 2020-2089 Sentence denotes Trophoblast migration was measured using a placental explant culture.
T18 2090-2202 Sentence denotes A primary decidual cell culture was used to evaluate the viability of immune cell populations by flow cytometry.
T19 2203-2353 Sentence denotes Soluble factors, including biomarkers of decidualization and angiogenesis, were quantified by ELISA and Luminex assay using decidua-conditioned media.
T20 2354-2360 Sentence denotes Mouse:
T21 2361-2569 Sentence denotes In the mouse pregnancy model, gestational day 6.5 or 9.5 implantation sites were used to assess decidualization, spiral artery remodeling and uterine natural killer (uNK) cell numbers by immunohistochemistry.
T22 2570-2684 Sentence denotes Transcription factor STAT3 was assayed by immunohistochemistry in both human decidua and mouse implantation sites.
T23 2685-2721 Sentence denotes MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE:
T24 2722-2852 Sentence denotes Lopinavir-cART, but not darunavir-cART, impaired uterine decidualization and spiral artery remodeling in both experimental models.
T25 2853-2994 Sentence denotes Lopinavir-cART treatment was also associated with selective depletion of uNK cells, reduced trophoblast migration and defective placentation.
T26 2995-3153 Sentence denotes The lopinavir-associated decidualization defects were attributed to a decrease in expression of transcription factor STAT3, known to regulate decidualization.
T27 3154-3420 Sentence denotes Our results suggest that periconceptional initiation of lopinavir-cART, but not darunavir-cART, causes defective maturation of the uterine endometrium, leading to impairments in spiral artery remodeling and placentation, thus contributing to the poor birth outcomes.
T28 3421-3443 Sentence denotes LARGE SCALE DATA: N/A.
T29 3444-3477 Sentence denotes LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION:
T30 3478-3618 Sentence denotes The human first-trimester placenta/decidua samples could only be obtained from healthy females undergoing elective termination of pregnancy.
T31 3619-3791 Sentence denotes As biopsy is the only way to obtain first-trimester decidua from pregnant women living with HIV on PI-cART, ethics approval and participant consent are difficult to obtain.
T32 3792-3879 Sentence denotes Furthermore, our animal model is limited to the study of cART and does not include HIV.
T33 3880-4115 Sentence denotes HIV infection is also associated with immune dysregulation, inflammation, alterations in angiogenic factors and complement activation, all of which could influence decidual and placental vascular remodeling and modify any cART effects.
T34 4116-4151 Sentence denotes WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS:
T35 4152-4364 Sentence denotes Our findings provide mechanistic insight with direct clinical implications, rationalizing why the highest adverse birth outcomes are reported in HIV-positive pregnancies exposed to lopinavir-cART from conception.
T36 4365-4541 Sentence denotes We demonstrate that dysregulation of decidualization is the mechanism through which lopinavir-cART, but not darunavir-cART, use in early pregnancy leads to poor birth outcomes.
T37 4542-4701 Sentence denotes Although lopinavir is no longer a first-line regimen in pregnancy, it remains an alternate regimen and is often the only PI available in low resource settings.
T38 4702-5215 Sentence denotes Our results highlight the need for reconsidering current guidelines recommending lopinavir use in pregnancy and indicate that lopinavir should be avoided especially in the first trimester, whereas darunavir is safe to use and should be the preferred PI in pregnancy.Further, in current times of the COVID-19 pandemic, lopinavir is among the top drug candidates which are being repurposed for inclusion in clinical trials world-over, to assess their therapeutic potential against the dangerous respiratory disease.
T39 5216-5364 Sentence denotes Current trials are also testing the efficacy of lopinavir given prophylactically to protect health care workers and people with potential exposures.
T40 5365-5516 Sentence denotes Given the current extraordinary numbers, these might include women with early pregnancies, who may or may not be cognizant of their gestational status.
T41 5517-5667 Sentence denotes This is a matter of concern as it could mean that women with early pregnancies might be exposed to this drug, which can cause decidualization defects.
T42 5668-5897 Sentence denotes Our findings provide evidence of safety concerns surrounding lopinavir use in pregnancy, that women of reproductive age considering participation in such trials should be made aware of, so they can make a fully informed decision.
T43 5898-5934 Sentence denotes STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S):
T44 5935-6061 Sentence denotes This work was supported by funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (PJT-148684 and MOP-130398 to L.S.).
T45 6062-6132 Sentence denotes C.D. received support from CIHR Foundation (FDN143262 to Stephen Lye).
T46 6133-6179 Sentence denotes S.K. received a TGHRI postdoctoral fellowship.
T47 6180-6240 Sentence denotes The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
T48 6241-6345 Sentence denotes L.S. reports personal fees from ViiV Healthcare for participation in a Women and Transgender Think Tank.