PubMed:29777476
Annnotations
sonoma2
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T0 | 0-10 | REG | denotes | Comparison |
| T1 | 14-27 | GENE | denotes | procalcitonin |
| T2 | 60-69 | MPA | denotes | biomarker |
| T3 | 73-80 | CPA | denotes | frailty |
| T4 | 85-98 | GENE | denotes | interleukin-6 |
| T5 | 85-98 | GENE | denotes | interleukin-6 |
| T6 | 103-113 | GENE | denotes | C-reactive |
| T7 | 103-121 | GENE | denotes | C-reactive protein |
| T8 | 114-121 | GENE | denotes | protein |
| T9 | 170-183 | GENE | denotes | Procalcitonin |
| T10 | 185-188 | GENE | denotes | PCT |
| T11 | 194-204 | REG | denotes | predictive |
| T12 | 228-247 | DISEASE | denotes | infectious disease |
| T13 | 229-248 | DISEASE | denotes | infectious diseases |
| T14 | 267-274 | REG | denotes | studied |
| T15 | 278-285 | CPA | denotes | frailty |
| T16 | 328-331 | GENE | denotes | PCT |
| T17 | 358-368 | MPA | denotes | biomarkers |
| T18 | 369-382 | GENE | denotes | [interleukin- |
| T19 | 370-383 | GENE | denotes | interleukin-6 |
| T20 | 384-388 | GENE | denotes | (IL- |
| T21 | 385-389 | GENE | denotes | IL-6 |
| T22 | 395-413 | GENE | denotes | C-reactive protei |
| T23 | 396-414 | GENE | denotes | C-reactive protein |
| T24 | 415-418 | GENE | denotes | (CR |
| T25 | 416-419 | GENE | denotes | CRP |
| T26 | 430-441 | REG | denotes | association |
| T27 | 447-454 | CPA | denotes | frailty |
| T28 | 574-584 | MPA | denotes | biomarkers |
| T29 | 620-627 | CPA | denotes | Frailty |
| T30 | 714-725 | REG | denotes | association |
| T31 | 729-739 | MPA | denotes | biomarkers |
| T32 | 743-752 | DISEASE | denotes | h infecti |
| T33 | 745-754 | CPA | denotes | infection |
| T34 | 798-807 | DISEASE | denotes | o pneumon |
| T35 | 800-809 | DISEASE | denotes | pneumonia |
| T36 | 819-829 | CPA | denotes | infections |
| T37 | 833-843 | DISEASE | denotes | d "pneumon |
| T38 | 836-845 | DISEASE | denotes | pneumonia |
| T39 | 1004-1013 | DISEASE | denotes | e pneumon |
| T40 | 1006-1015 | DISEASE | denotes | pneumonia |
| T41 | 1023-1033 | REG | denotes | Prevalence |
| T42 | 1037-1044 | CPA | denotes | frailty |
| T43 | 1094-1101 | DISEASE | denotes | frailty |
| T44 | 1128-1138 | REG | denotes | associated |
| T45 | 1144-1150 | POSREG | denotes | higher |
| T46 | 1151-1154 | GENE | denotes | PCT |
| T47 | 1157-1161 | GENE | denotes | d IL |
| T48 | 1159-1163 | GENE | denotes | IL-6 |
| T49 | 1164-1170 | MPA | denotes | levels |
| T50 | 1177-1180 | GENE | denotes | t C |
| T51 | 1179-1182 | GENE | denotes | CRP |
| T52 | 1184-1194 | REG | denotes | Prevalence |
| T53 | 1198-1205 | CPA | denotes | frailty |
| T54 | 1211-1220 | DISEASE | denotes | e pneumon |
| T55 | 1213-1222 | DISEASE | denotes | pneumonia |
| T56 | 1253-1260 | CPA | denotes | frailty |
| T57 | 1265-1275 | REG | denotes | associated |
| T58 | 1291-1301 | MPA | denotes | biomarkers |
| T59 | 1378-1388 | GENE | denotes | hemoglobin |
| T60 | 1390-1397 | GENE | denotes | albumin |
| T61 | 1399-1410 | CPA | denotes | neutrophils |
| T62 | 1415-1425 | GENE | denotes | creatinine |
| T63 | 1427-1430 | GENE | denotes | PCT |
| T64 | 1434-1446 | GENE | denotes | t IL-6 and C |
| T65 | 1436-1440 | GENE | denotes | IL-6 |
| T66 | 1445-1448 | GENE | denotes | CRP |
| T67 | 1454-1464 | REG | denotes | associated |
| T68 | 1470-1477 | CPA | denotes | frailty |
| T69 | 1566-1576 | MPA | denotes | biomarkers |
| T70 | 1582-1592 | REG | denotes | associated |
| T71 | 1598-1605 | CPA | denotes | frailty |
| T72 | 1611-1620 | DISEASE | denotes | e pneumon |
| T73 | 1613-1622 | DISEASE | denotes | pneumonia |
| T74 | 1707-1710 | GENE | denotes | PCT |
| T75 | 1716-1720 | GENE | denotes | ot I |
| T76 | 1719-1723 | GENE | denotes | IL-6 |
| T77 | 1724-1727 | GENE | denotes | or |
| T78 | 1727-1730 | GENE | denotes | CRP |
| T79 | 1736-1746 | REG | denotes | associated |
| T80 | 1752-1759 | CPA | denotes | frailty |
| T81 | 1788-1797 | DISEASE | denotes | ut infect |
| T82 | 1791-1800 | DISEASE | denotes | infection |
| T83 | 1816-1826 | MPA | denotes | biomarkers |
| T84 | 1832-1842 | REG | denotes | associated |
| T85 | 1848-1855 | CPA | denotes | frailty |
| T86 | 1873-1882 | DISEASE | denotes | th pneumo |
| T87 | 1876-1885 | DISEASE | denotes | pneumonia |
| R0 | T2 | T0 | ThemeOf | biomarker,Comparison |
| R1 | T1 | T0 | ThemeOf | procalcitonin,Comparison |
| R2 | T1 | T2 | ThemeOf | procalcitonin,biomarker |
| R3 | T3 | T0 | ThemeOf | frailty,Comparison |
| R4 | T3 | T2 | ThemeOf | frailty,biomarker |
| R5 | T4 | T0 | ThemeOf | interleukin-6,Comparison |
| R6 | T4 | T2 | ThemeOf | interleukin-6,biomarker |
| R7 | T6 | T0 | ThemeOf | C-reactive,Comparison |
| R8 | T6 | T2 | ThemeOf | C-reactive,biomarker |
| R9 | T6 | T8 | ThemeOf | C-reactive,protein |
| R10 | T8 | T0 | ThemeOf | protein,Comparison |
| R11 | T8 | T2 | ThemeOf | protein,biomarker |
| R12 | T9 | T11 | ThemeOf | Procalcitonin,predictive |
| R13 | T9 | T14 | ThemeOf | Procalcitonin,studied |
| R14 | T10 | T11 | ThemeOf | PCT,predictive |
| R15 | T10 | T14 | ThemeOf | PCT,studied |
| R16 | T11 | T14 | ThemeOf | predictive,studied |
| R17 | T13 | T11 | ThemeOf | infectious diseases,predictive |
| R18 | T13 | T14 | ThemeOf | infectious diseases,studied |
| R19 | T15 | T11 | ThemeOf | frailty,predictive |
| R20 | T15 | T14 | ThemeOf | frailty,studied |
| R21 | T16 | T17 | ThemeOf | PCT,biomarkers |
| R26 | T21 | T17 | ThemeOf | IL-6,biomarkers |
| R22 | T16 | T26 | ThemeOf | PCT,association |
| R23 | T17 | T26 | ThemeOf | biomarkers,association |
| R24 | T19 | T17 | ThemeOf | interleukin-6,biomarkers |
| R25 | T19 | T26 | ThemeOf | interleukin-6,association |
| R27 | T21 | T26 | ThemeOf | IL-6,association |
| R28 | T23 | T17 | ThemeOf | C-reactive protein,biomarkers |
| R29 | T25 | T23 | ThemeOf | CRP,C-reactive protein |
| R30 | T23 | T26 | ThemeOf | C-reactive protein,association |
| R31 | T25 | T17 | ThemeOf | CRP,biomarkers |
| R32 | T25 | T26 | ThemeOf | CRP,association |
| R33 | T27 | T26 | ThemeOf | frailty,association |
| R34 | T31 | T30 | ThemeOf | biomarkers,association |
| R35 | T33 | T30 | ThemeOf | infection,association |
| R36 | T33 | T31 | ThemeOf | infection,biomarkers |
| R37 | T35 | T30 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,association |
| R38 | T35 | T31 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,biomarkers |
| R39 | T36 | T30 | ThemeOf | infections,association |
| R40 | T36 | T31 | ThemeOf | infections,biomarkers |
| R41 | T38 | T30 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,association |
| R42 | T38 | T31 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,biomarkers |
| R43 | T42 | T41 | ThemeOf | frailty,Prevalence |
| R44 | T42 | T44 | ThemeOf | frailty,associated |
| R45 | T42 | T45 | ThemeOf | frailty,higher |
| R46 | T43 | T41 | ThemeOf | frailty,Prevalence |
| R47 | T43 | T44 | ThemeOf | frailty,associated |
| R48 | T46 | T44 | ThemeOf | PCT,associated |
| R49 | T46 | T45 | ThemeOf | PCT,higher |
| R50 | T46 | T49 | ThemeOf | PCT,levels |
| R51 | T48 | T44 | ThemeOf | IL-6,associated |
| R52 | T48 | T45 | ThemeOf | IL-6,higher |
| R53 | T48 | T49 | ThemeOf | IL-6,levels |
| R54 | T49 | T41 | ThemeOf | levels,Prevalence |
| R55 | T49 | T44 | ThemeOf | levels,associated |
| R56 | T49 | T45 | ThemeOf | levels,higher |
| R57 | T51 | T41 | ThemeOf | CRP,Prevalence |
| R58 | T51 | T44 | ThemeOf | CRP,associated |
| R59 | T51 | T45 | ThemeOf | CRP,higher |
| R60 | T51 | T49 | ThemeOf | CRP,levels |
| R61 | T53 | T52 | ThemeOf | frailty,Prevalence |
| R62 | T53 | T55 | ThemeOf | frailty,pneumonia |
| R63 | T53 | T57 | ThemeOf | frailty,associated |
| R64 | T55 | T52 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,Prevalence |
| R65 | T55 | T57 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,associated |
| R66 | T56 | T52 | ThemeOf | frailty,Prevalence |
| R67 | T56 | T57 | ThemeOf | frailty,associated |
| R68 | T56 | T58 | ThemeOf | frailty,biomarkers |
| R69 | T58 | T57 | ThemeOf | biomarkers,associated |
| R70 | T60 | T67 | ThemeOf | albumin,associated |
| R71 | T61 | T67 | ThemeOf | neutrophils,associated |
| R72 | T62 | T67 | ThemeOf | creatinine,associated |
| R73 | T63 | T67 | ThemeOf | PCT,associated |
| R74 | T65 | T67 | ThemeOf | IL-6,associated |
| R75 | T66 | T67 | ThemeOf | CRP,associated |
| R76 | T68 | T67 | ThemeOf | frailty,associated |
| R77 | T69 | T70 | ThemeOf | biomarkers,associated |
| R78 | T71 | T70 | ThemeOf | frailty,associated |
| R79 | T73 | T71 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,frailty |
| R80 | T73 | T69 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,biomarkers |
| R81 | T73 | T70 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,associated |
| R82 | T74 | T79 | ThemeOf | PCT,associated |
| R83 | T74 | T83 | ThemeOf | PCT,biomarkers |
| R84 | T76 | T79 | ThemeOf | IL-6,associated |
| R85 | T76 | T83 | ThemeOf | IL-6,biomarkers |
| R86 | T78 | T79 | ThemeOf | CRP,associated |
| R87 | T78 | T83 | ThemeOf | CRP,biomarkers |
| R88 | T78 | T84 | ThemeOf | CRP,associated |
| R89 | T80 | T79 | ThemeOf | frailty,associated |
| R90 | T80 | T83 | ThemeOf | frailty,biomarkers |
| R91 | T80 | T84 | ThemeOf | frailty,associated |
| R92 | T82 | T79 | ThemeOf | infection,associated |
| R93 | T82 | T80 | ThemeOf | infection,frailty |
| R94 | T82 | T83 | ThemeOf | infection,biomarkers |
| R95 | T82 | T84 | ThemeOf | infection,associated |
| R96 | T83 | T79 | ThemeOf | biomarkers,associated |
| R97 | T83 | T84 | ThemeOf | biomarkers,associated |
| R98 | T85 | T83 | ThemeOf | frailty,biomarkers |
| R99 | T85 | T84 | ThemeOf | frailty,associated |
| R100 | T87 | T83 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,biomarkers |
| R101 | T87 | T84 | ThemeOf | pneumonia,associated |
Inflammaging
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 0-164 | Sentence | denotes | Comparison of procalcitonin, a potentially new inflammatory biomarker of frailty, to interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein among older Chinese hospitalized patients. |
| T2 | 165-169 | Sentence | denotes | AIM: |
| T3 | 170-286 | Sentence | denotes | Procalcitonin (PCT) has predictive value for patients with infectious diseases, but has not been studied in frailty. |
| T4 | 287-489 | Sentence | denotes | The purpose of this study was to compare PCT to two other inflammatory biomarkers [interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and C-reactive protein (CRP) in their association with frailty among older hospitalized patients. |
| T5 | 490-498 | Sentence | denotes | METHODS: |
| T6 | 499-619 | Sentence | denotes | Retrospective study of inpatients (June-December, 2016), who had all three biomarkers measured within 24 h of admission. |
| T7 | 620-702 | Sentence | denotes | Frailty was defined according to the Chinese version of a validated frailty scale. |
| T8 | 703-880 | Sentence | denotes | Due to the association of biomarkers with infection, we divided patients into "non-infected" (no pneumonia or other infections) and "pneumonia" (using standard criteria) groups. |
| T9 | 881-889 | Sentence | denotes | RESULTS: |
| T10 | 890-1022 | Sentence | denotes | Of 435 patients (mean age 81.6 ± 8.6 years), 181 (41.6%) were designated the non-infected group and 254 (58.4%) the pneumonia group. |
| T11 | 1023-1183 | Sentence | denotes | Prevalence of frailty in the non-infected group was 32.0% (58/181) and frailty (univariate analysis) was associated with higher PCT and IL-6 levels but not CRP. |
| T12 | 1184-1302 | Sentence | denotes | Prevalence of frailty in the pneumonia group was 40.2% (102/254) and frailty was associated with all three biomarkers. |
| T13 | 1303-1629 | Sentence | denotes | In multivariable analysis adjusting for age, gender, smoking, alcohol use, hemoglobin, albumin, neutrophils and creatinine, PCT (not IL-6 and CRP) was associated with frailty in the non-infected group (OR = 5.244; 95% CI, 1.622-16.947; P = 0.006) and none of the biomarkers were associated with frailty in the pneumonia group. |
| T14 | 1630-1642 | Sentence | denotes | CONCLUSIONS: |
| T15 | 1643-1801 | Sentence | denotes | Although the study is limited due to the retrospective methods, PCT but not IL-6 or CRP, was associated with frailty among older inpatients without infection. |
| T16 | 1802-1886 | Sentence | denotes | None of these biomarkers were associated with frailty among patients with pneumonia. |
| T1 | 0-164 | Sentence | denotes | Comparison of procalcitonin, a potentially new inflammatory biomarker of frailty, to interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein among older Chinese hospitalized patients. |
| T2 | 165-169 | Sentence | denotes | AIM: |
| T3 | 170-286 | Sentence | denotes | Procalcitonin (PCT) has predictive value for patients with infectious diseases, but has not been studied in frailty. |
| T4 | 287-489 | Sentence | denotes | The purpose of this study was to compare PCT to two other inflammatory biomarkers [interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and C-reactive protein (CRP) in their association with frailty among older hospitalized patients. |
| T5 | 490-498 | Sentence | denotes | METHODS: |
| T6 | 499-619 | Sentence | denotes | Retrospective study of inpatients (June-December, 2016), who had all three biomarkers measured within 24 h of admission. |
| T7 | 620-702 | Sentence | denotes | Frailty was defined according to the Chinese version of a validated frailty scale. |
| T8 | 703-880 | Sentence | denotes | Due to the association of biomarkers with infection, we divided patients into "non-infected" (no pneumonia or other infections) and "pneumonia" (using standard criteria) groups. |
| T9 | 881-889 | Sentence | denotes | RESULTS: |
| T10 | 890-1022 | Sentence | denotes | Of 435 patients (mean age 81.6 ± 8.6 years), 181 (41.6%) were designated the non-infected group and 254 (58.4%) the pneumonia group. |
| T11 | 1023-1183 | Sentence | denotes | Prevalence of frailty in the non-infected group was 32.0% (58/181) and frailty (univariate analysis) was associated with higher PCT and IL-6 levels but not CRP. |
| T12 | 1184-1302 | Sentence | denotes | Prevalence of frailty in the pneumonia group was 40.2% (102/254) and frailty was associated with all three biomarkers. |
| T13 | 1303-1629 | Sentence | denotes | In multivariable analysis adjusting for age, gender, smoking, alcohol use, hemoglobin, albumin, neutrophils and creatinine, PCT (not IL-6 and CRP) was associated with frailty in the non-infected group (OR = 5.244; 95% CI, 1.622-16.947; P = 0.006) and none of the biomarkers were associated with frailty in the pneumonia group. |
| T14 | 1630-1642 | Sentence | denotes | CONCLUSIONS: |
| T15 | 1643-1801 | Sentence | denotes | Although the study is limited due to the retrospective methods, PCT but not IL-6 or CRP, was associated with frailty among older inpatients without infection. |
| T16 | 1802-1886 | Sentence | denotes | None of these biomarkers were associated with frailty among patients with pneumonia. |