
PubMed:27226552
Annnotations
PubMed_ArguminSci
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 207-362 | DRI_Background | denotes | The protein kinase casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a pleiotropic and constitutively active kinase that plays crucial roles in cellular proliferation and survival. |
T2 | 363-598 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | Overexpression of CK2, particularly the α catalytic subunit (CK2α, CSNK2A1), has been implicated in a wide variety of cancers and is associated with poorer survival and resistance to both conventional and targeted anticancer therapies. |
T3 | 599-706 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | Here, we found that CK2α protein is elevated in melanoma cell lines compared with normal human melanocytes. |
T4 | 707-851 | DRI_Approach | denotes | We then tested the involvement of CK2α in drug resistance to Food and Drug Administration-approved single agent targeted therapies for melanoma. |
T5 | 852-1060 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | In BRAF mutant melanoma cells, ectopic CK2α decreased sensitivity to vemurafenib (BRAF inhibitor), dabrafenib (BRAF inhibitor), and trametinib (MEK inhibitor) by a mechanism distinct from that of mutant NRAS. |
T6 | 1061-1131 | DRI_Background | denotes | Conversely, knockdown of CK2α sensitized cells to inhibitor treatment. |
T7 | 1132-1145 | REPLACED | denotes | CK2α-mediated |
T8 | 1154-1243 | DRI_Background | denotes | kinase inhibitor resistance was tightly linked to its maintenance of ERK phosphorylation. |
T9 | 1244-1257 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | We found that |
T10 | 1284-1417 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | regulates the ERK-specific phosphatase dual specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) in a kinase dependent-manner, decreasing its abundance. |
T11 | 1418-1598 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | However, we unexpectedly showed, by using a kinase-inactive mutant of CK2α, that RAF-MEK inhibitor resistance did not rely on CK2α kinase catalytic function, and both wild-type and |
T12 | 1620-1682 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | maintained ERK phosphorylation upon inhibition of BRAF or MEK. |
T13 | 1683-1706 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | That both wild-type and |
T14 | 1728-1879 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | bound equally well to the RAF-MEK-ERK scaffold kinase suppressor of Ras 1 (KSR1) suggested that CK2α increases KSR facilitation of ERK phosphorylation. |
T15 | 1880-1995 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | Accordingly, CK2α did not cause resistance to direct inhibition of ERK by the ERK1/2-selective inhibitor SCH772984. |
T16 | 1996-2127 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | Our findings support a kinase-independent scaffolding function of CK2α that promotes resistance to RAF- and MEK-targeted therapies. |
sentences
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 0-206 | Sentence | denotes | Protein Kinase CK2α Maintains Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase (ERK) Activity in a CK2α Kinase-independent Manner to Promote Resistance to Inhibitors of RAF and MEK but Not ERK in BRAF Mutant Melanoma. |
T2 | 207-362 | Sentence | denotes | The protein kinase casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a pleiotropic and constitutively active kinase that plays crucial roles in cellular proliferation and survival. |
T3 | 363-598 | Sentence | denotes | Overexpression of CK2, particularly the α catalytic subunit (CK2α, CSNK2A1), has been implicated in a wide variety of cancers and is associated with poorer survival and resistance to both conventional and targeted anticancer therapies. |
T4 | 599-706 | Sentence | denotes | Here, we found that CK2α protein is elevated in melanoma cell lines compared with normal human melanocytes. |
T5 | 707-851 | Sentence | denotes | We then tested the involvement of CK2α in drug resistance to Food and Drug Administration-approved single agent targeted therapies for melanoma. |
T6 | 852-1060 | Sentence | denotes | In BRAF mutant melanoma cells, ectopic CK2α decreased sensitivity to vemurafenib (BRAF inhibitor), dabrafenib (BRAF inhibitor), and trametinib (MEK inhibitor) by a mechanism distinct from that of mutant NRAS. |
T7 | 1061-1131 | Sentence | denotes | Conversely, knockdown of CK2α sensitized cells to inhibitor treatment. |
T8 | 1132-1243 | Sentence | denotes | CK2α-mediated RAF-MEK kinase inhibitor resistance was tightly linked to its maintenance of ERK phosphorylation. |
T9 | 1244-1417 | Sentence | denotes | We found that CK2α post-translationally regulates the ERK-specific phosphatase dual specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) in a kinase dependent-manner, decreasing its abundance. |
T10 | 1418-1682 | Sentence | denotes | However, we unexpectedly showed, by using a kinase-inactive mutant of CK2α, that RAF-MEK inhibitor resistance did not rely on CK2α kinase catalytic function, and both wild-type and kinase-inactive CK2α maintained ERK phosphorylation upon inhibition of BRAF or MEK. |
T11 | 1683-1879 | Sentence | denotes | That both wild-type and kinase-inactive CK2α bound equally well to the RAF-MEK-ERK scaffold kinase suppressor of Ras 1 (KSR1) suggested that CK2α increases KSR facilitation of ERK phosphorylation. |
T12 | 1880-1995 | Sentence | denotes | Accordingly, CK2α did not cause resistance to direct inhibition of ERK by the ERK1/2-selective inhibitor SCH772984. |
T13 | 1996-2127 | Sentence | denotes | Our findings support a kinase-independent scaffolding function of CK2α that promotes resistance to RAF- and MEK-targeted therapies. |
mondo_disease
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | mondo_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 197-205 | Disease | denotes | Melanoma | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005105 |
T2 | 647-655 | Disease | denotes | melanoma | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005105 |
T3 | 842-850 | Disease | denotes | melanoma | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005105 |
T4 | 867-875 | Disease | denotes | melanoma | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005105 |
HP-phenotype
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | hp_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 197-205 | Phenotype | denotes | Melanoma | HP:0002861 |
T2 | 647-655 | Phenotype | denotes | melanoma | HP:0002861 |
T3 | 749-764 | Phenotype | denotes | drug resistance | HP:0020174 |
T4 | 842-850 | Phenotype | denotes | melanoma | HP:0002861 |
T5 | 867-875 | Phenotype | denotes | melanoma | HP:0002861 |
NCBITAXON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | db_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 688-693 | OrganismTaxon | denotes | human | 9606 |
Anatomy-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | uberon_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 30-43 | Body_part | denotes | Extracellular | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005576 |
T2 | 694-705 | Body_part | denotes | melanocytes | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000148 |
CL-cell
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | cl_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 694-705 | Cell | denotes | melanocytes | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL:0000148 |