PubMed:26102481 JSONTXT

{"project":"silkworm_phenotype","denotations":[{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":857,"end":863},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":591,"end":597},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":580,"end":586},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":572,"end":578},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1327,"end":1332},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1164,"end":1169},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1006,"end":1011},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":488,"end":493},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":1443,"end":1452},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":788,"end":797},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":740,"end":749},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":651,"end":660},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":175,"end":184},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":121,"end":130},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":820,"end":832},"obj":"BMO_00228"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":504,"end":507},"obj":"BMO_00349"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":82,"end":94},"obj":"BMO_00228"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":55,"end":58},"obj":"BMO_00349"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1218,"end":1228},"obj":"Species:7227"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":920,"end":930},"obj":"Species:7227"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":754,"end":764},"obj":"Species:7227"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":432,"end":443},"obj":"Species:7091"}],"text":"Analyses of interactions among pair-rule genes and the gap gene Krüppel in Bombyx segmentation.\nIn the short-germ insect Tribolium, a pair-rule gene circuit consisting of the Tribolium homologs of even-skipped, runt, and odd-skipped (Tc-eve, Tc-run and Tc-odd, respectively) has been implicated in segment formation. To examine the application of the model to other taxa, I studied the expression and function of pair-rule genes in Bombyx mori, together with a Bombyx homolog of Krüppel (Bm-Kr), a known gap gene. Knockdown embryos of Bombyx homologs of eve, run and odd (Bm-eve, Bm-run and Bm-odd) exhibited asegmental phenotypes similar to those of Tribolium knockdowns. However, pair-rule gene interactions were similar to those of both Tribolium and Drosophila, which, different from Tribolium, shows a hierarchical segmentation mode. Additionally, the Bm-odd expression pattern shares characteristics with those of Drosophila pair-rule genes that receive upstream regulatory input. On the other hand, Bm-Kr knockdowns exhibited a large posterior segment deletion as observed in short-germ insects. However, a detailed analysis of these embryos indicated that Bm-Kr modulates expression of pair-rule genes like in Drosophila, although the mechanisms appear to be different. This suggested hierarchical interactions between Bm-Kr and pair-rule genes. Based on these results, I concluded that the pair-rule gene circuit model that describes Tribolium development is not applicable to Bombyx."}

{"project":"silkworm","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":221,"end":232},"obj":"Gene:33583"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":237,"end":240},"obj":"Gene:36039"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":432,"end":443},"obj":"Species:7091"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":554,"end":557},"obj":"Gene:36039"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":575,"end":578},"obj":"Gene:36039"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":754,"end":764},"obj":"Species:7227"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":920,"end":930},"obj":"Species:7227"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1218,"end":1228},"obj":"Species:7227"}],"text":"Analyses of interactions among pair-rule genes and the gap gene Krüppel in Bombyx segmentation.\nIn the short-germ insect Tribolium, a pair-rule gene circuit consisting of the Tribolium homologs of even-skipped, runt, and odd-skipped (Tc-eve, Tc-run and Tc-odd, respectively) has been implicated in segment formation. To examine the application of the model to other taxa, I studied the expression and function of pair-rule genes in Bombyx mori, together with a Bombyx homolog of Krüppel (Bm-Kr), a known gap gene. Knockdown embryos of Bombyx homologs of eve, run and odd (Bm-eve, Bm-run and Bm-odd) exhibited asegmental phenotypes similar to those of Tribolium knockdowns. However, pair-rule gene interactions were similar to those of both Tribolium and Drosophila, which, different from Tribolium, shows a hierarchical segmentation mode. Additionally, the Bm-odd expression pattern shares characteristics with those of Drosophila pair-rule genes that receive upstream regulatory input. On the other hand, Bm-Kr knockdowns exhibited a large posterior segment deletion as observed in short-germ insects. However, a detailed analysis of these embryos indicated that Bm-Kr modulates expression of pair-rule genes like in Drosophila, although the mechanisms appear to be different. This suggested hierarchical interactions between Bm-Kr and pair-rule genes. Based on these results, I concluded that the pair-rule gene circuit model that describes Tribolium development is not applicable to Bombyx."}

{"project":"silkwormbase","denotations":[{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":432,"end":443},"obj":"Species:7091"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":754,"end":764},"obj":"Species:7227"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":920,"end":930},"obj":"Species:7227"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1218,"end":1228},"obj":"Species:7227"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":55,"end":58},"obj":"BMO_00349"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":82,"end":94},"obj":"BMO_00228"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":504,"end":507},"obj":"BMO_00349"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":820,"end":832},"obj":"BMO_00228"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":121,"end":130},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":175,"end":184},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":651,"end":660},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":740,"end":749},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":788,"end":797},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":1443,"end":1452},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":488,"end":493},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1006,"end":1011},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1164,"end":1169},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1327,"end":1332},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":572,"end":578},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":580,"end":586},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":591,"end":597},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":857,"end":863},"obj":"Gene"}],"text":"Analyses of interactions among pair-rule genes and the gap gene Krüppel in Bombyx segmentation.\nIn the short-germ insect Tribolium, a pair-rule gene circuit consisting of the Tribolium homologs of even-skipped, runt, and odd-skipped (Tc-eve, Tc-run and Tc-odd, respectively) has been implicated in segment formation. To examine the application of the model to other taxa, I studied the expression and function of pair-rule genes in Bombyx mori, together with a Bombyx homolog of Krüppel (Bm-Kr), a known gap gene. Knockdown embryos of Bombyx homologs of eve, run and odd (Bm-eve, Bm-run and Bm-odd) exhibited asegmental phenotypes similar to those of Tribolium knockdowns. However, pair-rule gene interactions were similar to those of both Tribolium and Drosophila, which, different from Tribolium, shows a hierarchical segmentation mode. Additionally, the Bm-odd expression pattern shares characteristics with those of Drosophila pair-rule genes that receive upstream regulatory input. On the other hand, Bm-Kr knockdowns exhibited a large posterior segment deletion as observed in short-germ insects. However, a detailed analysis of these embryos indicated that Bm-Kr modulates expression of pair-rule genes like in Drosophila, although the mechanisms appear to be different. This suggested hierarchical interactions between Bm-Kr and pair-rule genes. Based on these results, I concluded that the pair-rule gene circuit model that describes Tribolium development is not applicable to Bombyx."}