PubMed:25515248
Annnotations
PubMed_ArguminSci
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 180-343 | DRI_Background | denotes | (P. amarus) has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammation and antiarthritis properties leading to our interest to examine its beneficial effect in osteoarthritis. |
| T2 | 344-524 | DRI_Background | denotes | Thus, this study aimed to explore the chondroprotective potential of P. amarus extract (PAE) and its major compounds, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, in a cartilage explant model. |
| T3 | 525-708 | DRI_Background | denotes | Various concentrations of P. amarus extract, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, were treated on porcine articular cartilage explants induced with 25 ng/ml of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). |
| T4 | 709-923 | DRI_Background | denotes | After 4 days of incubation, the culture medium was measured for the release of sulfate glycosaminoglycans (s-GAGs) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity by DMMB binding assay and zymography, respectively. |
| T5 | 924-1091 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | The explant tissues were analyzed for the remaining of uronic acid content by colorimetric assay and stained with safranin-O for investigation of proteoglycan content. |
| T6 | 1092-1172 | DRI_Approach | denotes | Cell viability of this model was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. |
| T7 | 1173-1488 | DRI_Outcome | denotes | Chondroprotective potential of PAE and the major components against IL-1β-induced cartilage explant degradation were revealed by the decreased s-GAGs level and MMP-2 activity in culture medium consistent with an increase in uronic acid and proteoglycan contents in the explants when compared to the IL-1β treatment. |
| T8 | 1489-1578 | DRI_Background | denotes | These results agreed with those of diacerein and sesamin which used as positive controls. |
| T9 | 1579-1723 | DRI_Approach | denotes | In addition, better chondroprotective activities of P. amarus crude extracts than those of the purified components were disclosed in this study. |
| T10 | 1724-1888 | DRI_Approach | denotes | Hence, this is a pioneering study presenting the chondroprotective potential of PAE which may augment its application for therapeutic use as an antiarthritic agent. |
Goldhamster2_Cellosaurus
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 192-195 | CVCL_6758|Undefined_cell_line_type|Cricetulus griseus | denotes | has |
| T2 | 192-195 | CVCL_E689|Transformed_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | has |
| T3 | 498-499 | CVCL_6479|Finite_cell_line|Mus musculus | denotes | a |
| T4 | 672-674 | CVCL_6D57|Cancer_cell_line|Rattus norvegicus | denotes | ng |
| T5 | 675-677 | CVCL_F566|Transformed_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | ml |
| T6 | 675-677 | CVCL_W799|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | ml |
| T7 | 695-699 | CVCL_R799|Transformed_cell_line|Gorilla gorilla gorilla | denotes | beta |
| T8 | 863-871 | CVCL_C410|Hybridoma|Mus musculus | denotes | activity |
| T9 | 1339-1347 | CVCL_C410|Hybridoma|Mus musculus | denotes | activity |
| T10 | 1382-1384 | CVCL_8754|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | an |
| T11 | 1382-1384 | CVCL_H241|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | an |
| T12 | 1617-1627 | CVCL_C410|Hybridoma|Mus musculus | denotes | activities |
| T13 | 1739-1740 | CVCL_6479|Finite_cell_line|Mus musculus | denotes | a |
| T14 | 1814-1817 | CVCL_E773|Transformed_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | may |
| T15 | 1865-1867 | CVCL_8754|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | an |
| T16 | 1865-1867 | CVCL_H241|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | an |
GoldHamster
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T2 | 31-49 | 293060 | denotes | Phyllanthus amarus |
| T3 | 31-49 | D029803 | denotes | Phyllanthus amarus |
| T4 | 92-101 | UBERON:0002418 | denotes | cartilage |
| T5 | 92-101 | UBERON:0007844 | denotes | cartilage |
| T6 | 102-113 | GO:0009056 | denotes | degradation |
| T7 | 226-238 | GO:0006954 | denotes | inflammation |
| T8 | 226-238 | D007249 | denotes | inflammation |
| T9 | 226-238 | D007249 | denotes | inflammation |
| T10 | 328-342 | D010003 | denotes | osteoarthritis |
| T11 | 328-342 | D010003 | denotes | osteoarthritis |
| T12 | 432-435 | P14756 | denotes | PAE |
| T13 | 462-473 | C517985 | denotes | phyllanthin |
| T14 | 462-473 | CHEBI:8177 | denotes | phyllanthin |
| T15 | 462-473 | C517985 | denotes | phyllanthin |
| T16 | 478-493 | C512682 | denotes | hypophyllanthin |
| T17 | 478-493 | C512682 | denotes | hypophyllanthin |
| T18 | 500-509 | UBERON:0002418 | denotes | cartilage |
| T19 | 500-509 | UBERON:0007844 | denotes | cartilage |
| T20 | 570-581 | C517985 | denotes | phyllanthin |
| T21 | 570-581 | CHEBI:8177 | denotes | phyllanthin |
| T22 | 570-581 | C517985 | denotes | phyllanthin |
| T23 | 586-601 | C512682 | denotes | hypophyllanthin |
| T24 | 586-601 | C512682 | denotes | hypophyllanthin |
| T27 | 627-646 | UBERON:0010996 | denotes | articular cartilage |
| T35 | 681-699 | P26889 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T36 | 681-699 | Q865X8 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T37 | 681-699 | A4UYK8 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T38 | 681-699 | P79182 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T39 | 681-699 | P51745 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T40 | 681-699 | P51493 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T41 | 681-699 | P14628 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T42 | 681-699 | P09428 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T44 | 681-699 | PR:000001136 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T45 | 681-699 | Q8WNR2 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T46 | 681-699 | Q6PUD2 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T47 | 681-699 | Q6R2X3 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T48 | 681-699 | Q2HZH0 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T49 | 681-699 | P10749 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T50 | 681-699 | P41687 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T51 | 681-699 | P46648 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T52 | 681-699 | Q63264 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T53 | 681-699 | P79162 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T54 | 681-699 | Q9XS77 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T55 | 681-699 | P01584 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T56 | 681-699 | Q2MH07 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T57 | 681-699 | Q28386 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T58 | 681-699 | Q9YGD3 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T60 | 681-699 | P21621 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T61 | 681-699 | Q28292 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T62 | 681-699 | P48090 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T63 | 681-699 | Q9WVG1 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T43 | 681-699 | D053583 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T59 | 681-699 | D053583 | denotes | interleukin-1 beta |
| T67 | 701-705 | D007375 | denotes | IL-1 |
| T68 | 701-705 | D007375 | denotes | IL-1 |
| T66 | 701-705 | GO:0005149 | denotes | IL-1 |
| T69 | 788-795 | CHEBI:16189 | denotes | sulfate |
| T70 | 796-814 | CHEBI:18085 | denotes | glycosaminoglycans |
| T71 | 796-814 | D006025 | denotes | glycosaminoglycans |
| T72 | 796-814 | D006025 | denotes | glycosaminoglycans |
| T73 | 828-834 | UBERON:0027368 | denotes | matrix |
| T74 | 828-854 | Q9GLE5 | denotes | matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| T75 | 828-854 | P08253 | denotes | matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| T76 | 828-854 | Q8MPP3 | denotes | matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| T77 | 828-854 | Q90611 | denotes | matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| T79 | 828-854 | PR:000010479 | denotes | matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| T80 | 828-854 | P33436 | denotes | matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| T81 | 828-854 | P33434 | denotes | matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| T82 | 828-854 | P50757 | denotes | matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| T78 | 828-854 | D020778 | denotes | matrix metalloproteinase-2 |
| T84 | 853-859 | PR:O04529 | denotes | 2 (MMP |
| T85 | 856-859 | CHEBI:340824 | denotes | MMP |
| T88 | 856-859 | CHEBI:59761 | denotes | MMP |
| T89 | 856-861 | PR:P08253 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T90 | 856-861 | Q9GLE5 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T91 | 856-861 | P08253 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T92 | 856-861 | Q90611 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T94 | 856-861 | PR:Q8MPP3 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T95 | 856-861 | P33436 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T96 | 856-861 | PR:Q90611 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T97 | 856-861 | PR:P33436 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T98 | 856-861 | PR:000010479 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T99 | 856-861 | PR:P33434 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T100 | 856-861 | P33434 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T101 | 856-861 | P50757 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T93 | 856-861 | GO:0004228 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T102 | 875-879 | C435946 | denotes | DMMB |
| T103 | 875-879 | C435946 | denotes | DMMB |
| T104 | 880-887 | SO:0100018 | denotes | binding |
| T105 | 880-887 | SO:0001091 | denotes | binding |
| T106 | 880-887 | GO:0005488 | denotes | binding |
| T107 | 979-990 | CHEBI:27252 | denotes | uronic acid |
| T112 | 1038-1048 | CHEBI:33601 | denotes | safranin-O |
| T113 | 1070-1082 | CHEBI:37396 | denotes | proteoglycan |
| T115 | 1070-1082 | D011509 | denotes | proteoglycan |
| T116 | 1070-1082 | D011509 | denotes | proteoglycan |
| T114 | 1070-1082 | GO:0005203 | denotes | proteoglycan |
| T120 | 1138-1145 | 114202 | denotes | lactate |
| T122 | 1138-1159 | D007770 | denotes | lactate dehydrogenase |
| T123 | 1146-1159 | A0A5C1RDA6 | denotes | dehydrogenase |
| T125 | 1161-1164 | P29038 | denotes | LDH |
| T126 | 1161-1164 | PR:A5I1Z6 | denotes | LDH |
| T127 | 1161-1164 | Q99289 | denotes | LDH |
| T128 | 1161-1164 | Q27888 | denotes | LDH |
| T129 | 1161-1164 | P93052 | denotes | LDH |
| T130 | 1161-1164 | Q27797 | denotes | LDH |
| T131 | 1161-1164 | P33571 | denotes | LDH |
| T132 | 1204-1207 | P14756 | denotes | PAE |
| T134 | 1241-1245 | D007375 | denotes | IL-1 |
| T135 | 1241-1245 | D007375 | denotes | IL-1 |
| T133 | 1241-1245 | GO:0005149 | denotes | IL-1 |
| T136 | 1255-1264 | UBERON:0002418 | denotes | cartilage |
| T137 | 1255-1264 | UBERON:0007844 | denotes | cartilage |
| T138 | 1273-1284 | GO:0009056 | denotes | degradation |
| T139 | 1333-1336 | CHEBI:340824 | denotes | MMP |
| T142 | 1333-1336 | CHEBI:59761 | denotes | MMP |
| T143 | 1333-1338 | PR:P08253 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T144 | 1333-1338 | Q9GLE5 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T145 | 1333-1338 | P08253 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T146 | 1333-1338 | Q90611 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T148 | 1333-1338 | PR:Q8MPP3 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T149 | 1333-1338 | P33436 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T150 | 1333-1338 | PR:Q90611 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T151 | 1333-1338 | PR:P33436 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T152 | 1333-1338 | PR:000010479 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T153 | 1333-1338 | PR:P33434 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T154 | 1333-1338 | P33434 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T155 | 1333-1338 | P50757 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T147 | 1333-1338 | GO:0004228 | denotes | MMP-2 |
| T156 | 1397-1408 | CHEBI:27252 | denotes | uronic acid |
| T158 | 1413-1425 | CHEBI:37396 | denotes | proteoglycan |
| T160 | 1413-1425 | D011509 | denotes | proteoglycan |
| T161 | 1413-1425 | D011509 | denotes | proteoglycan |
| T159 | 1413-1425 | GO:0005203 | denotes | proteoglycan |
| T163 | 1472-1476 | D007375 | denotes | IL-1 |
| T164 | 1472-1476 | D007375 | denotes | IL-1 |
| T162 | 1472-1476 | GO:0005149 | denotes | IL-1 |
| T165 | 1524-1533 | C025292 | denotes | diacerein |
| T166 | 1524-1533 | C025292 | denotes | diacerein |
| T167 | 1538-1545 | CHEBI:66470 | denotes | sesamin |
| T168 | 1538-1545 | CHEBI:9125 | denotes | sesamin |
| T169 | 1538-1545 | C054125 | denotes | sesamin |
| T170 | 1538-1545 | C054125 | denotes | sesamin |
| T171 | 1641-1655 | D045424 | denotes | crude extracts |
| T172 | 1641-1655 | D045424 | denotes | crude extracts |
| T173 | 1804-1807 | P14756 | denotes | PAE |
Inflammaging
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 0-144 | Sentence | denotes | Chondroprotective potential of Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn. in experimentally induced cartilage degradation in the explants culture model. |
| T2 | 145-343 | Sentence | denotes | Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn. (P. amarus) has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammation and antiarthritis properties leading to our interest to examine its beneficial effect in osteoarthritis. |
| T3 | 344-524 | Sentence | denotes | Thus, this study aimed to explore the chondroprotective potential of P. amarus extract (PAE) and its major compounds, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, in a cartilage explant model. |
| T4 | 525-708 | Sentence | denotes | Various concentrations of P. amarus extract, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, were treated on porcine articular cartilage explants induced with 25 ng/ml of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). |
| T5 | 709-923 | Sentence | denotes | After 4 days of incubation, the culture medium was measured for the release of sulfate glycosaminoglycans (s-GAGs) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity by DMMB binding assay and zymography, respectively. |
| T6 | 924-1091 | Sentence | denotes | The explant tissues were analyzed for the remaining of uronic acid content by colorimetric assay and stained with safranin-O for investigation of proteoglycan content. |
| T7 | 1092-1172 | Sentence | denotes | Cell viability of this model was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. |
| T8 | 1173-1488 | Sentence | denotes | Chondroprotective potential of PAE and the major components against IL-1β-induced cartilage explant degradation were revealed by the decreased s-GAGs level and MMP-2 activity in culture medium consistent with an increase in uronic acid and proteoglycan contents in the explants when compared to the IL-1β treatment. |
| T9 | 1489-1578 | Sentence | denotes | These results agreed with those of diacerein and sesamin which used as positive controls. |
| T10 | 1579-1723 | Sentence | denotes | In addition, better chondroprotective activities of P. amarus crude extracts than those of the purified components were disclosed in this study. |
| T11 | 1724-1888 | Sentence | denotes | Hence, this is a pioneering study presenting the chondroprotective potential of PAE which may augment its application for therapeutic use as an antiarthritic agent. |
| T1 | 0-144 | Sentence | denotes | Chondroprotective potential of Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn. in experimentally induced cartilage degradation in the explants culture model. |
| T2 | 145-343 | Sentence | denotes | Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn. (P. amarus) has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammation and antiarthritis properties leading to our interest to examine its beneficial effect in osteoarthritis. |
| T3 | 344-524 | Sentence | denotes | Thus, this study aimed to explore the chondroprotective potential of P. amarus extract (PAE) and its major compounds, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, in a cartilage explant model. |
| T4 | 525-708 | Sentence | denotes | Various concentrations of P. amarus extract, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, were treated on porcine articular cartilage explants induced with 25 ng/ml of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). |
| T5 | 709-923 | Sentence | denotes | After 4 days of incubation, the culture medium was measured for the release of sulfate glycosaminoglycans (s-GAGs) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity by DMMB binding assay and zymography, respectively. |
| T6 | 924-1091 | Sentence | denotes | The explant tissues were analyzed for the remaining of uronic acid content by colorimetric assay and stained with safranin-O for investigation of proteoglycan content. |
| T7 | 1092-1172 | Sentence | denotes | Cell viability of this model was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. |
| T8 | 1173-1488 | Sentence | denotes | Chondroprotective potential of PAE and the major components against IL-1β-induced cartilage explant degradation were revealed by the decreased s-GAGs level and MMP-2 activity in culture medium consistent with an increase in uronic acid and proteoglycan contents in the explants when compared to the IL-1β treatment. |
| T9 | 1489-1578 | Sentence | denotes | These results agreed with those of diacerein and sesamin which used as positive controls. |
| T10 | 1579-1723 | Sentence | denotes | In addition, better chondroprotective activities of P. amarus crude extracts than those of the purified components were disclosed in this study. |
| T11 | 1724-1888 | Sentence | denotes | Hence, this is a pioneering study presenting the chondroprotective potential of PAE which may augment its application for therapeutic use as an antiarthritic agent. |