PubMed:24700975 JSONTXT

{"project":"PubmedHPO","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":312,"end":328},"obj":"HP_0002721"}],"text":"The incremental cost of switching from Option B to Option B+ for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.\nOBJECTIVE: To estimate the incremental cost over 5 years of a policy switch from the Option B to the Option B+ protocol for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).\nMETHODS: Data from cost studies and other published sources were used to determine the cost, per woman and per cohort (1000 breastfeeding and 1000 non-breastfeeding women), of switching from Option B (maternal triple antiretroviral [ARV] regimen during pregnancy and breastfeeding plus daily nevirapine for the infant for 6 weeks) to Option B+ (maternal triple ARV regimen initiated during pregnancy and continued for life). The variables used to model the different scenarios were maternal CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4+ cell) count (350-500 versus \u003e 500 cells/µl), rate of decline in CD4+ cells (average, rapid, slow), breastfeeding status (yes, no) and breastfeeding duration (12, 18 or 24 months).\nFINDINGS: For women with CD4+ cell counts of 350-500 cells/µl, the incremental cost per 1000 women was 157,345 United States dollars (US$) for breastfeeding women and US$ 92,813 for non-breastfeeding women. For women with CD4+ cell counts \u003e 500 cells/µl, the incremental cost per 1000 women ranged from US$ 363,443 to US$ 484,591 for breastfeeding women and was US$ 605,739 for non-breastfeeding women.\nCONCLUSION: From a cost perspective, a policy switch from Option B to Option B+ is feasible in PMTCT programme settings where resources are currently being allocated to Option B."}

{"project":"Allie","denotations":[{"id":"SS1_24700975_2_0","span":{"begin":248,"end":290},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_24700975_2_0","span":{"begin":292,"end":297},"obj":"abbr"},{"id":"SS1_24700975_2_1","span":{"begin":306,"end":334},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_24700975_2_1","span":{"begin":336,"end":339},"obj":"abbr"},{"id":"SS1_24700975_4_0","span":{"begin":559,"end":573},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_24700975_4_0","span":{"begin":575,"end":578},"obj":"abbr"}],"relations":[{"id":"AE1_24700975_2_0","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_24700975_2_0","obj":"SS2_24700975_2_0"},{"id":"AE1_24700975_2_1","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_24700975_2_1","obj":"SS2_24700975_2_1"},{"id":"AE1_24700975_4_0","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_24700975_4_0","obj":"SS2_24700975_4_0"}],"text":"The incremental cost of switching from Option B to Option B+ for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.\nOBJECTIVE: To estimate the incremental cost over 5 years of a policy switch from the Option B to the Option B+ protocol for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).\nMETHODS: Data from cost studies and other published sources were used to determine the cost, per woman and per cohort (1000 breastfeeding and 1000 non-breastfeeding women), of switching from Option B (maternal triple antiretroviral [ARV] regimen during pregnancy and breastfeeding plus daily nevirapine for the infant for 6 weeks) to Option B+ (maternal triple ARV regimen initiated during pregnancy and continued for life). The variables used to model the different scenarios were maternal CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4+ cell) count (350-500 versus \u003e 500 cells/µl), rate of decline in CD4+ cells (average, rapid, slow), breastfeeding status (yes, no) and breastfeeding duration (12, 18 or 24 months).\nFINDINGS: For women with CD4+ cell counts of 350-500 cells/µl, the incremental cost per 1000 women was 157,345 United States dollars (US$) for breastfeeding women and US$ 92,813 for non-breastfeeding women. For women with CD4+ cell counts \u003e 500 cells/µl, the incremental cost per 1000 women ranged from US$ 363,443 to US$ 484,591 for breastfeeding women and was US$ 605,739 for non-breastfeeding women.\nCONCLUSION: From a cost perspective, a policy switch from Option B to Option B+ is feasible in PMTCT programme settings where resources are currently being allocated to Option B."}