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PubMed:22891926 JSONTXT

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PubMed_Structured_Abstracts

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 65-331 BACKGROUND denotes Diabetic tendinopathy is characterized by increased stiffness, thickness, and excess calcification of affected tendons. We investigated the hypothesis that proteoglycans (PGs), as key regulators of tendon structure and calcification, are altered in diabetic tendons.
T2 341-945 METHODS denotes Adult porcine patellar tendons were incubated in iso-osmolar media with high or normal glucose levels for 2 weeks. The PG fraction was isolated and analyzed. Protein and mRNA levels of five PGs were measured. PG production was assessed in primary tenocyte monolayers by (35)S-sulfate labeling in high and normal glucose conditions with and without exposure to advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Levels of transforming growth factor β, which commonly mediates some effects of hyperglycemia, were also measured and the effects of free radical scavengers on (35)S-sulfate incorporation were determined.
T3 955-1491 RESULTS denotes PG levels were significantly decreased in tendons exposed to high glucose media compared with tendons in iso-osmolar control media. Relative quantities of individual PGs were unchanged by exposure to hyperglycemia and mRNAs for PGs were variably affected. High glucose media decreased PG production by tenocytes as measured by (35)S-sulfate labeling, whereas AGE-modified type I collagen and free radical scavengers had no effects. Hyperglycemic conditions increased levels of transforming growth factor β1 in an AGE-independent manner.
T4 1505-1697 CONCLUSIONS denotes Hyperglycemia produces a reduction in PG levels related to decreased synthesis or sulfation of glycosaminoglycans, which may contribute to the tendon pathology observed clinically in diabetes.

Goldhamster2_Cellosaurus

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 185-187 CVCL_5M23|Cancer_cell_line|Mesocricetus auratus denotes We
T2 460-462 CVCL_JZ52|Spontaneously_immortalized_cell_line|Potorous tridactylus denotes PG
T3 550-552 CVCL_JZ52|Spontaneously_immortalized_cell_line|Potorous tridactylus denotes PG
T4 612-614 CVCL_4630|Cancer_cell_line|Rattus norvegicus denotes 35
T5 625-633 CVCL_3734|Finite_cell_line|Homo sapiens denotes labeling
T6 734-738 CVCL_Z433|Spontaneously_immortalized_cell_line|Anthonomus grandis denotes AGEs
T7 902-904 CVCL_4630|Cancer_cell_line|Rattus norvegicus denotes 35
T8 955-957 CVCL_JZ52|Spontaneously_immortalized_cell_line|Potorous tridactylus denotes PG
T9 1240-1242 CVCL_JZ52|Spontaneously_immortalized_cell_line|Potorous tridactylus denotes PG
T10 1283-1285 CVCL_4630|Cancer_cell_line|Rattus norvegicus denotes 35
T11 1296-1304 CVCL_3734|Finite_cell_line|Homo sapiens denotes labeling
T12 1314-1317 CVCL_Z433|Spontaneously_immortalized_cell_line|Anthonomus grandis denotes AGE
T13 1465-1467 CVCL_8754|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens denotes an
T14 1465-1467 CVCL_H241|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens denotes an
T15 1468-1471 CVCL_Z433|Spontaneously_immortalized_cell_line|Anthonomus grandis denotes AGE
T16 1528-1529 CVCL_6479|Finite_cell_line|Mus musculus denotes a
T17 1543-1545 CVCL_JZ52|Spontaneously_immortalized_cell_line|Potorous tridactylus denotes PG
T18 1626-1629 CVCL_E773|Transformed_cell_line|Homo sapiens denotes may

GoldHamster

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-13 D006943 denotes Hyperglycemia
T2 0-13 D006943 denotes Hyperglycemia
T3 22-34 CHEBI:37396 denotes proteoglycan
T5 22-34 D011509 denotes proteoglycan
T6 22-34 D011509 denotes proteoglycan
T4 22-34 GO:0005203 denotes proteoglycan
T7 74-86 D052256 denotes tendinopathy
T8 74-86 D052256 denotes tendinopathy
T9 221-234 CHEBI:37396 denotes proteoglycans
T10 221-234 D011509 denotes proteoglycans
T11 221-234 D011509 denotes proteoglycans
T12 236-239 C535773 denotes PGs
T13 263-269 UBERON:0000043 denotes tendon
T16 428-435 4850 denotes glucose
T14 428-435 D005947 denotes glucose
T15 428-435 D005947 denotes glucose
T17 428-435 CHEBI:42758 denotes glucose
T18 428-435 CHEBI:4167 denotes glucose
T19 428-435 CHEBI:17234 denotes glucose
T21 499-506 CHEBI:16541 denotes Protein
T24 511-515 SO:0000234 denotes mRNA
T22 511-515 D012333 denotes mRNA
T23 511-515 CHEBI:33699 denotes mRNA
T25 531-534 C535773 denotes PGs
T26 588-596 CL:0000388 denotes tenocyte
T27 612-616 CHEBI:37983 denotes 35)S
T28 617-624 CHEBI:16189 denotes sulfate
T31 653-660 4850 denotes glucose
T29 653-660 D005947 denotes glucose
T30 653-660 D005947 denotes glucose
T32 653-660 CHEBI:42758 denotes glucose
T33 653-660 CHEBI:4167 denotes glucose
T34 653-660 CHEBI:17234 denotes glucose
T35 701-732 D017127 denotes advanced glycation end-products
T36 701-732 CHEBI:84123 denotes advanced glycation end-products
T37 734-738 CHEBI:84123 denotes AGEs
T38 751-777 D015291 denotes transforming growth factor
T39 751-777 D015291 denotes transforming growth factor
T40 764-777 P08441 denotes growth factor
T41 764-777 P08072 denotes growth factor
T42 764-777 Q776B5 denotes growth factor
T43 764-777 Q6RZT5 denotes growth factor
T44 764-777 Q8V307 denotes growth factor
T45 821-834 D006943 denotes hyperglycemia
T46 821-834 D006943 denotes hyperglycemia
T48 874-897 D016166 denotes free radical scavengers
T49 874-897 D016166 denotes free radical scavengers
T50 874-897 CHEBI:48578 denotes free radical scavengers
T52 902-906 CHEBI:37983 denotes 35)S
T53 907-914 CHEBI:16189 denotes sulfate
T56 1021-1028 4850 denotes glucose
T54 1021-1028 D005947 denotes glucose
T55 1021-1028 D005947 denotes glucose
T57 1021-1028 CHEBI:42758 denotes glucose
T58 1021-1028 CHEBI:4167 denotes glucose
T59 1021-1028 CHEBI:17234 denotes glucose
T60 1121-1124 C535773 denotes PGs
T61 1155-1168 D006943 denotes hyperglycemia
T62 1155-1168 D006943 denotes hyperglycemia
T63 1183-1186 C535773 denotes PGs
T66 1216-1223 4850 denotes glucose
T64 1216-1223 D005947 denotes glucose
T65 1216-1223 D005947 denotes glucose
T67 1216-1223 CHEBI:42758 denotes glucose
T68 1216-1223 CHEBI:4167 denotes glucose
T69 1216-1223 CHEBI:17234 denotes glucose
T70 1283-1287 CHEBI:37983 denotes 35)S
T71 1288-1295 CHEBI:16189 denotes sulfate
T72 1314-1317 CVCL_Z433 denotes AGE
T73 1314-1317 P17560 denotes AGE
T74 1314-1317 P51607 denotes AGE
T75 1314-1317 P82343 denotes AGE
T76 1314-1317 O18921 denotes AGE
T77 1314-1317 P51606 denotes AGE
T79 1314-1317 PR:000013884 denotes AGE
T80 1314-1317 Q2KIS1 denotes AGE
T78 1314-1317 CHEBI:84123 denotes AGE
T81 1327-1342 D024042 denotes type I collagen
T83 1334-1342 2714 denotes collagen
T82 1334-1342 GO:0005202 denotes collagen
T87 1347-1370 D016166 denotes free radical scavengers
T88 1347-1370 D016166 denotes free radical scavengers
T89 1347-1370 CHEBI:48578 denotes free radical scavengers
T91 1432-1458 D015291 denotes transforming growth factor
T92 1432-1458 D015291 denotes transforming growth factor
T93 1445-1458 P08441 denotes growth factor
T94 1445-1458 P08072 denotes growth factor
T95 1445-1458 Q776B5 denotes growth factor
T96 1445-1458 Q6RZT5 denotes growth factor
T97 1445-1458 Q8V307 denotes growth factor
T99 1468-1471 P17560 denotes AGE
T100 1468-1471 P51607 denotes AGE
T101 1468-1471 P82343 denotes AGE
T102 1468-1471 O18921 denotes AGE
T103 1468-1471 P51606 denotes AGE
T105 1468-1471 PR:000013884 denotes AGE
T106 1468-1471 Q2KIS1 denotes AGE
T98 1468-1471 CVCL_Z433 denotes AGE
T104 1468-1471 CHEBI:84123 denotes AGE
T107 1505-1518 D006943 denotes Hyperglycemia
T108 1505-1518 D006943 denotes Hyperglycemia
T109 1530-1539 MOP:0000569 denotes reduction
T110 1574-1583 GO:0009058 denotes synthesis
T111 1587-1596 GO:0051923 denotes sulfation
T112 1600-1618 CHEBI:18085 denotes glycosaminoglycans
T113 1600-1618 D006025 denotes glycosaminoglycans
T114 1600-1618 D006025 denotes glycosaminoglycans
T115 1648-1654 UBERON:0000043 denotes tendon

Allie

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
SS1_22891926_3_0 221-234 expanded denotes proteoglycans
SS2_22891926_3_0 236-239 abbr denotes PGs
SS1_22891926_8_0 701-732 expanded denotes advanced glycation end-products
SS2_22891926_8_0 734-738 abbr denotes AGEs
AE1_22891926_3_0 SS1_22891926_3_0 SS2_22891926_3_0 abbreviatedTo proteoglycans,PGs
AE1_22891926_8_0 SS1_22891926_8_0 SS2_22891926_8_0 abbreviatedTo advanced glycation end-products,AGEs