PubMed:21057870 JSONTXT

{"project":"GlyCosmos600-Glycan-Motif-Structure","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G84224TW"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G74621DY"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G20420WT"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G84224TW"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G74621DY"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G20420WT"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1284,"end":1300},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G71142DF"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G91237TK"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G56516VH"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos600-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":352,"end":378},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":380,"end":383},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":385,"end":390},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":595,"end":604},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053348"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":595,"end":598},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":674,"end":683},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053348"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":674,"end":677},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":756,"end":765},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053348"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":756,"end":759},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1014,"end":1023},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053348"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1014,"end":1017},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1222,"end":1231},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053348"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1222,"end":1225},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1247,"end":1251},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1411,"end":1420},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053348"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1411,"end":1414},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1481,"end":1490},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053348"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1481,"end":1484},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1584,"end":1593},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053348"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":1584,"end":1587},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":1667,"end":1676},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053348"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":1667,"end":1670},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos6-Glycan-Motif-Image","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"Glycan_Motif"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"Glycan_Motif"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1284,"end":1300},"obj":"Glycan_Motif"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"Glycan_Motif"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"image","subj":"T1","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A2","pred":"image","subj":"T1","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G74621DY"},{"id":"A3","pred":"image","subj":"T1","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G20420WT"},{"id":"A4","pred":"image","subj":"T4","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A5","pred":"image","subj":"T4","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G74621DY"},{"id":"A6","pred":"image","subj":"T4","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G20420WT"},{"id":"A7","pred":"image","subj":"T7","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G71142DF"},{"id":"A8","pred":"image","subj":"T8","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G91237TK"},{"id":"A9","pred":"image","subj":"T8","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/0.10.0/png/binary/G56516VH"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"Glycosmos6-GlycoEpitope","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0078"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0078"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos6-Glycan-Motif-Structure","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G20420WT"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G74621DY"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G84224TW"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G20420WT"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G74621DY"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G84224TW"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1284,"end":1300},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G71142DF"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G56516VH"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G91237TK"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"sentences","denotations":[{"id":"TextSentencer_T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":85},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T2","span":{"begin":86,"end":255},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T3","span":{"begin":256,"end":431},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T4","span":{"begin":432,"end":749},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T5","span":{"begin":750,"end":812},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T6","span":{"begin":813,"end":1024},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T7","span":{"begin":1025,"end":1232},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T8","span":{"begin":1233,"end":1491},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T9","span":{"begin":1492,"end":1677},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T10","span":{"begin":1678,"end":1762},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":85},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":86,"end":255},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":256,"end":431},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":432,"end":749},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":750,"end":812},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":813,"end":1024},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1025,"end":1232},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1233,"end":1491},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1492,"end":1677},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1678,"end":1762},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"Allie","denotations":[{"id":"SS1_21057870_1_0","span":{"begin":92,"end":119},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_21057870_1_0","span":{"begin":121,"end":131},"obj":"abbr"},{"id":"SS1_21057870_1_1","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_21057870_1_1","span":{"begin":226,"end":233},"obj":"abbr"},{"id":"SS1_21057870_2_0","span":{"begin":352,"end":378},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_21057870_2_0","span":{"begin":380,"end":383},"obj":"abbr"},{"id":"SS1_21057870_2_1","span":{"begin":396,"end":408},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_21057870_2_1","span":{"begin":410,"end":417},"obj":"abbr"}],"relations":[{"id":"AE1_21057870_1_0","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_21057870_1_0","obj":"SS2_21057870_1_0"},{"id":"AE1_21057870_1_1","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_21057870_1_1","obj":"SS2_21057870_1_1"},{"id":"AE1_21057870_2_0","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_21057870_2_0","obj":"SS2_21057870_2_0"},{"id":"AE1_21057870_2_1","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_21057870_2_1","obj":"SS2_21057870_2_1"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos600-GlycoEpitope","denotations":[{"id":"PD-GlycoEpitope-B_T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0078"},{"id":"PD-GlycoEpitope-B_T2","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0078"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos600-FMA","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":127,"end":131},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":368,"end":378},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":385,"end":390},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":402,"end":406},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":475,"end":479},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":533,"end":537},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":540,"end":544},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":599,"end":604},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":678,"end":683},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":738,"end":742},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":760,"end":765},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":824,"end":828},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1018,"end":1023},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1137,"end":1150},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1226,"end":1231},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1247,"end":1251},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1284,"end":1300},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1415,"end":1420},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1485,"end":1490},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":1588,"end":1593},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":1671,"end":1676},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":1719,"end":1723},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62820"},{"id":"A2","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63877"},{"id":"A3","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A4","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62820"},{"id":"A5","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62820"},{"id":"A6","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62820"},{"id":"A7","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402"},{"id":"A8","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A9","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A10","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62820"},{"id":"A11","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A12","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62820"},{"id":"A13","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A14","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62925"},{"id":"A15","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A16","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A17","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82820"},{"id":"A18","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T18","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A19","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T19","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A20","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T20","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A21","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T21","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A22","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62820"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos600-GlycoGenes2","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":22,"end":51},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":120,"end":134},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":127,"end":131},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg184"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":396,"end":408},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":402,"end":406},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg184"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":410,"end":417},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":469,"end":484},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg082"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":469,"end":484},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":469,"end":484},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg080"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":469,"end":484},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg079"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":469,"end":484},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg078"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":469,"end":484},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg077"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":475,"end":479},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg184"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":527,"end":539},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":533,"end":537},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg184"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":548,"end":555},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":570,"end":577},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":650,"end":657},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":738,"end":742},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg184"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":824,"end":828},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg184"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":949,"end":956},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":967,"end":974},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":989,"end":996},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":1157,"end":1164},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":1175,"end":1182},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1197,"end":1204},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1364,"end":1371},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1386,"end":1393},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":1457,"end":1464},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg052"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":1559,"end":1566},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":1643,"end":1650},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":1713,"end":1725},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg081"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1719,"end":1723},"obj":"https://acgg.asia/db/ggdb/info/gg184"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"glycosmos-test-glycan-structure","denotations":[{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa19/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T2","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa19/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T3","span":{"begin":226,"end":229},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa26/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T4","span":{"begin":1335,"end":1338},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa26/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T5","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1528},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa26/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T6","span":{"begin":1741,"end":1744},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa26/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T7","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa15/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T8","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa50/trivialname"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"glycosmos-test-structure-v1","denotations":[{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa19/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T2","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa19/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T3","span":{"begin":226,"end":229},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa26/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T4","span":{"begin":1335,"end":1338},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa26/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T5","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1528},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa26/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T7","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa15/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T8","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa50/trivialname"},{"id":"PD-GlycanStructures-B_T6","span":{"begin":1741,"end":1744},"obj":"http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa26/trivialname"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"pubmed-enju-pas","denotations":[{"id":"EnjuParser_T0","span":{"begin":0,"end":11},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T1","span":{"begin":12,"end":14},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T2","span":{"begin":15,"end":21},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T3","span":{"begin":22,"end":49},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T4","span":{"begin":50,"end":51},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T5","span":{"begin":52,"end":54},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T6","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T7","span":{"begin":72,"end":84},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T8","span":{"begin":86,"end":91},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T9","span":{"begin":92,"end":119},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T10","span":{"begin":120,"end":121},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T11","span":{"begin":121,"end":131},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T12","span":{"begin":131,"end":132},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T13","span":{"begin":133,"end":134},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T14","span":{"begin":135,"end":138},"obj":"VBD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T15","span":{"begin":139,"end":144},"obj":"VBN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T16","span":{"begin":145,"end":147},"obj":"TO"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T17","span":{"begin":148,"end":150},"obj":"VB"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T18","span":{"begin":151,"end":159},"obj":"VBN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T19","span":{"begin":160,"end":162},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T20","span":{"begin":163,"end":166},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T21","span":{"begin":167,"end":179},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T22","span":{"begin":180,"end":182},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T23","span":{"begin":183,"end":192},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T24","span":{"begin":192,"end":193},"obj":"-COMMA-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T25","span":{"begin":194,"end":203},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T26","span":{"begin":204,"end":207},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T27","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T28","span":{"begin":225,"end":226},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T29","span":{"begin":226,"end":233},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T30","span":{"begin":233,"end":234},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T31","span":{"begin":235,"end":237},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T32","span":{"begin":238,"end":240},"obj":"FW"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T33","span":{"begin":241,"end":246},"obj":"FW"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T34","span":{"begin":247,"end":254},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T35","span":{"begin":256,"end":258},"obj":"TO"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T36","span":{"begin":259,"end":268},"obj":"VB"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T37","span":{"begin":269,"end":272},"obj":"PRP-DOLLAR-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T38","span":{"begin":273,"end":282},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T39","span":{"begin":283,"end":294},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T40","span":{"begin":294,"end":295},"obj":"-COMMA-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T41","span":{"begin":296,"end":305},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T42","span":{"begin":306,"end":314},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T43","span":{"begin":315,"end":318},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T44","span":{"begin":319,"end":322},"obj":"PRP-DOLLAR-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T45","span":{"begin":323,"end":331},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T46","span":{"begin":332,"end":336},"obj":"VBD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T47","span":{"begin":337,"end":345},"obj":"VBN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T48","span":{"begin":346,"end":351},"obj":"VBG"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T49","span":{"begin":352,"end":357},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T50","span":{"begin":358,"end":367},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T51","span":{"begin":368,"end":378},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T52","span":{"begin":379,"end":380},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T53","span":{"begin":380,"end":383},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T54","span":{"begin":383,"end":384},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T55","span":{"begin":385,"end":390},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T56","span":{"begin":391,"end":395},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T57","span":{"begin":396,"end":406},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T58","span":{"begin":407,"end":408},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T59","span":{"begin":409,"end":410},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T60","span":{"begin":410,"end":417},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T61","span":{"begin":417,"end":418},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T62","span":{"begin":418,"end":425},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T63","span":{"begin":426,"end":430},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T64","span":{"begin":432,"end":440},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T65","span":{"begin":441,"end":443},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T66","span":{"begin":444,"end":454},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T67","span":{"begin":455,"end":461},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T68","span":{"begin":462,"end":464},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T69","span":{"begin":465,"end":468},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T70","span":{"begin":469,"end":479},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T71","span":{"begin":480,"end":484},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T72","span":{"begin":485,"end":490},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T73","span":{"begin":491,"end":499},"obj":"VBD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T74","span":{"begin":500,"end":504},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T75","span":{"begin":505,"end":508},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T76","span":{"begin":509,"end":519},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T77","span":{"begin":520,"end":522},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T78","span":{"begin":523,"end":526},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T79","span":{"begin":527,"end":537},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T80","span":{"begin":538,"end":539},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T81","span":{"begin":540,"end":544},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T82","span":{"begin":545,"end":547},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T83","span":{"begin":548,"end":555},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T84","span":{"begin":556,"end":557},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T85","span":{"begin":558,"end":561},"obj":"SYM"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T86","span":{"begin":562,"end":563},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T87","span":{"begin":564,"end":565},"obj":"-COLON-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T88","span":{"begin":566,"end":569},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T89","span":{"begin":570,"end":577},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T90","span":{"begin":578,"end":579},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T91","span":{"begin":580,"end":583},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T92","span":{"begin":584,"end":585},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T93","span":{"begin":586,"end":594},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T94","span":{"begin":595,"end":598},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T95","span":{"begin":599,"end":604},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T96","span":{"begin":605,"end":608},"obj":"VBP"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T97","span":{"begin":609,"end":610},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T98","span":{"begin":611,"end":615},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T99","span":{"begin":616,"end":619},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T100","span":{"begin":620,"end":624},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T101","span":{"begin":625,"end":629},"obj":"WRB"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T102","span":{"begin":630,"end":638},"obj":"VBN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T103","span":{"begin":639,"end":641},"obj":"TO"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T104","span":{"begin":642,"end":646},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T105","span":{"begin":647,"end":649},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T106","span":{"begin":650,"end":657},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T107","span":{"begin":658,"end":659},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T108","span":{"begin":660,"end":663},"obj":"SYM"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T109","span":{"begin":664,"end":665},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T110","span":{"begin":665,"end":673},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T111","span":{"begin":674,"end":677},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T112","span":{"begin":678,"end":683},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T113","span":{"begin":684,"end":691},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T114","span":{"begin":692,"end":700},"obj":"VBG"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T115","span":{"begin":701,"end":704},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T116","span":{"begin":705,"end":715},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T117","span":{"begin":716,"end":722},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T118","span":{"begin":723,"end":725},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T119","span":{"begin":726,"end":731},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T120","span":{"begin":732,"end":742},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T121","span":{"begin":743,"end":748},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T122","span":{"begin":750,"end":755},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T123","span":{"begin":756,"end":759},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T124","span":{"begin":760,"end":765},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T125","span":{"begin":766,"end":772},"obj":"VBD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T126","span":{"begin":773,"end":775},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T127","span":{"begin":776,"end":784},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T128","span":{"begin":785,"end":795},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T129","span":{"begin":796,"end":798},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T130","span":{"begin":799,"end":804},"obj":"PRP-DOLLAR-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T131","span":{"begin":805,"end":811},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T132","span":{"begin":813,"end":817},"obj":"WRB"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T133","span":{"begin":818,"end":828},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T134","span":{"begin":829,"end":839},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T135","span":{"begin":840,"end":844},"obj":"VBD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T136","span":{"begin":845,"end":855},"obj":"VBN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T137","span":{"begin":856,"end":863},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T138","span":{"begin":864,"end":877},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T139","span":{"begin":877,"end":878},"obj":"-COMMA-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T140","span":{"begin":879,"end":881},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T141","span":{"begin":882,"end":893},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T142","span":{"begin":894,"end":904},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T143","span":{"begin":905,"end":907},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T144","span":{"begin":908,"end":911},"obj":"PRP-DOLLAR-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T145","span":{"begin":912,"end":920},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T146","span":{"begin":921,"end":929},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T147","span":{"begin":930,"end":933},"obj":"VBD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T148","span":{"begin":934,"end":942},"obj":"VBN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T149","span":{"begin":943,"end":948},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T150","span":{"begin":949,"end":956},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T151","span":{"begin":957,"end":958},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T152","span":{"begin":959,"end":962},"obj":"SYM"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T153","span":{"begin":963,"end":964},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T154","span":{"begin":964,"end":965},"obj":"-COLON-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T155","span":{"begin":965,"end":966},"obj":"-COMMA-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T156","span":{"begin":967,"end":974},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T157","span":{"begin":975,"end":976},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T158","span":{"begin":977,"end":980},"obj":"SYM"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T159","span":{"begin":981,"end":982},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T160","span":{"begin":983,"end":984},"obj":"-COLON-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T161","span":{"begin":985,"end":988},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T162","span":{"begin":989,"end":996},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T163","span":{"begin":997,"end":998},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T164","span":{"begin":999,"end":1002},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T165","span":{"begin":1003,"end":1004},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T166","span":{"begin":1005,"end":1013},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T167","span":{"begin":1014,"end":1017},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T168","span":{"begin":1018,"end":1023},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T169","span":{"begin":1025,"end":1027},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T170","span":{"begin":1028,"end":1039},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T171","span":{"begin":1040,"end":1051},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T172","span":{"begin":1052,"end":1056},"obj":"VBD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T173","span":{"begin":1057,"end":1065},"obj":"VBN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T174","span":{"begin":1066,"end":1068},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T175","span":{"begin":1069,"end":1079},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T176","span":{"begin":1080,"end":1083},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T177","span":{"begin":1084,"end":1091},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T178","span":{"begin":1092,"end":1094},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T179","span":{"begin":1095,"end":1104},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T180","span":{"begin":1105,"end":1108},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T181","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1115},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T182","span":{"begin":1116,"end":1124},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T183","span":{"begin":1125,"end":1127},"obj":"TO"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T184","span":{"begin":1128,"end":1136},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T185","span":{"begin":1137,"end":1150},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T186","span":{"begin":1151,"end":1156},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T187","span":{"begin":1157,"end":1164},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T188","span":{"begin":1165,"end":1166},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T189","span":{"begin":1167,"end":1170},"obj":"SYM"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T190","span":{"begin":1171,"end":1172},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T191","span":{"begin":1172,"end":1173},"obj":"-COLON-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T192","span":{"begin":1173,"end":1174},"obj":"-COMMA-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T193","span":{"begin":1175,"end":1182},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T194","span":{"begin":1183,"end":1184},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T195","span":{"begin":1185,"end":1188},"obj":"SYM"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T196","span":{"begin":1189,"end":1190},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T197","span":{"begin":1191,"end":1192},"obj":"-COLON-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T198","span":{"begin":1193,"end":1196},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T199","span":{"begin":1197,"end":1204},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T200","span":{"begin":1205,"end":1206},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T201","span":{"begin":1207,"end":1210},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T202","span":{"begin":1211,"end":1212},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T203","span":{"begin":1213,"end":1221},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T204","span":{"begin":1222,"end":1225},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T205","span":{"begin":1226,"end":1231},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T206","span":{"begin":1233,"end":1240},"obj":"RB"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T207","span":{"begin":1240,"end":1241},"obj":"-COMMA-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T208","span":{"begin":1242,"end":1246},"obj":"WRB"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T209","span":{"begin":1247,"end":1251},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T210","span":{"begin":1252,"end":1263},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T211","span":{"begin":1264,"end":1268},"obj":"VBD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T212","span":{"begin":1269,"end":1278},"obj":"VBN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T213","span":{"begin":1279,"end":1283},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T214","span":{"begin":1284,"end":1300},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T215","span":{"begin":1301,"end":1303},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T216","span":{"begin":1304,"end":1307},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T217","span":{"begin":1308,"end":1316},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T218","span":{"begin":1317,"end":1319},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T219","span":{"begin":1320,"end":1324},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T220","span":{"begin":1324,"end":1325},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T221","span":{"begin":1325,"end":1326},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T222","span":{"begin":1326,"end":1327},"obj":"CD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T223","span":{"begin":1327,"end":1328},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T224","span":{"begin":1328,"end":1329},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T225","span":{"begin":1329,"end":1330},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T226","span":{"begin":1330,"end":1333},"obj":"NNP"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T227","span":{"begin":1333,"end":1334},"obj":"-COMMA-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T228","span":{"begin":1335,"end":1342},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T229","span":{"begin":1343,"end":1351},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T230","span":{"begin":1352,"end":1360},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T231","span":{"begin":1361,"end":1363},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T232","span":{"begin":1364,"end":1371},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T233","span":{"begin":1372,"end":1373},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T234","span":{"begin":1374,"end":1377},"obj":"SYM"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T235","span":{"begin":1378,"end":1379},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T236","span":{"begin":1380,"end":1381},"obj":"-COLON-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T237","span":{"begin":1382,"end":1385},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T238","span":{"begin":1386,"end":1393},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T239","span":{"begin":1394,"end":1395},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T240","span":{"begin":1396,"end":1399},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T241","span":{"begin":1400,"end":1401},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T242","span":{"begin":1402,"end":1410},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T243","span":{"begin":1411,"end":1414},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T244","span":{"begin":1415,"end":1420},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T245","span":{"begin":1421,"end":1430},"obj":"VBD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T246","span":{"begin":1431,"end":1433},"obj":"TO"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T247","span":{"begin":1434,"end":1436},"obj":"CD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T248","span":{"begin":1436,"end":1437},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T249","span":{"begin":1438,"end":1441},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T250","span":{"begin":1442,"end":1444},"obj":"CD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T251","span":{"begin":1444,"end":1445},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T252","span":{"begin":1446,"end":1448},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T253","span":{"begin":1449,"end":1453},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T254","span":{"begin":1454,"end":1456},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T255","span":{"begin":1457,"end":1464},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T256","span":{"begin":1465,"end":1466},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T257","span":{"begin":1467,"end":1470},"obj":"SYM"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T258","span":{"begin":1471,"end":1472},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T259","span":{"begin":1472,"end":1480},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T260","span":{"begin":1481,"end":1484},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T261","span":{"begin":1485,"end":1490},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T262","span":{"begin":1492,"end":1502},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T263","span":{"begin":1503,"end":1507},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T264","span":{"begin":1508,"end":1512},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T265","span":{"begin":1512,"end":1513},"obj":"-COMMA-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T266","span":{"begin":1514,"end":1521},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T267","span":{"begin":1522,"end":1524},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T268","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1532},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T269","span":{"begin":1533,"end":1536},"obj":"CC"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T270","span":{"begin":1537,"end":1540},"obj":"PRP-DOLLAR-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T271","span":{"begin":1541,"end":1551},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T272","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T273","span":{"begin":1556,"end":1558},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T274","span":{"begin":1559,"end":1566},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T275","span":{"begin":1567,"end":1568},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T276","span":{"begin":1569,"end":1572},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T277","span":{"begin":1573,"end":1574},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T278","span":{"begin":1575,"end":1583},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T279","span":{"begin":1584,"end":1587},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T280","span":{"begin":1588,"end":1593},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T281","span":{"begin":1594,"end":1603},"obj":"VBD"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T282","span":{"begin":1604,"end":1614},"obj":"RB"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T283","span":{"begin":1615,"end":1619},"obj":"WRB"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T284","span":{"begin":1620,"end":1628},"obj":"VBN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T285","span":{"begin":1629,"end":1633},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T286","span":{"begin":1634,"end":1639},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T287","span":{"begin":1640,"end":1642},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T288","span":{"begin":1643,"end":1650},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T289","span":{"begin":1651,"end":1652},"obj":"-LRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T290","span":{"begin":1653,"end":1656},"obj":"SYM"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T291","span":{"begin":1657,"end":1658},"obj":"-RRB-"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T292","span":{"begin":1658,"end":1666},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T293","span":{"begin":1667,"end":1670},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T294","span":{"begin":1671,"end":1676},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T295","span":{"begin":1678,"end":1683},"obj":"DT"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T296","span":{"begin":1684,"end":1691},"obj":"NNS"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T297","span":{"begin":1692,"end":1700},"obj":"VBP"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T298","span":{"begin":1701,"end":1705},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T299","span":{"begin":1706,"end":1712},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T300","span":{"begin":1713,"end":1723},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T301","span":{"begin":1724,"end":1725},"obj":"NN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T302","span":{"begin":1726,"end":1728},"obj":"VBZ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T303","span":{"begin":1729,"end":1737},"obj":"VBN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T304","span":{"begin":1738,"end":1740},"obj":"IN"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T305","span":{"begin":1741,"end":1748},"obj":"JJ"},{"id":"EnjuParser_T306","span":{"begin":1749,"end":1761},"obj":"NN"}],"relations":[{"id":"EnjuParser_R0","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T0","obj":"EnjuParser_T1"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R1","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T4","obj":"EnjuParser_T1"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R2","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T4","obj":"EnjuParser_T2"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R3","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T4","obj":"EnjuParser_T3"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R4","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T0","obj":"EnjuParser_T5"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R5","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T7","obj":"EnjuParser_T5"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R6","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T7","obj":"EnjuParser_T6"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R7","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T13","obj":"EnjuParser_T8"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R8","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T13","obj":"EnjuParser_T9"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R9","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T13","obj":"EnjuParser_T10"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R10","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T11","obj":"EnjuParser_T10"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R11","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T12","obj":"EnjuParser_T10"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R12","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T13","obj":"EnjuParser_T14"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R13","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T15","obj":"EnjuParser_T14"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R14","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T13","obj":"EnjuParser_T15"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R15","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T18","obj":"EnjuParser_T15"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R16","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T18","obj":"EnjuParser_T16"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R17","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T13","obj":"EnjuParser_T17"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R18","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T18","obj":"EnjuParser_T17"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R19","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T13","obj":"EnjuParser_T18"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R20","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T18","obj":"EnjuParser_T19"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R21","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T21","obj":"EnjuParser_T19"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R22","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T21","obj":"EnjuParser_T20"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R23","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T21","obj":"EnjuParser_T22"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R24","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T26","obj":"EnjuParser_T22"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R25","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T23","obj":"EnjuParser_T24"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R26","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T25","obj":"EnjuParser_T24"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R27","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T24","obj":"EnjuParser_T26"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R28","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T27","obj":"EnjuParser_T26"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R29","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T27","obj":"EnjuParser_T28"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R30","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T29","obj":"EnjuParser_T28"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R31","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T30","obj":"EnjuParser_T28"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R32","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T21","obj":"EnjuParser_T31"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R33","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T34","obj":"EnjuParser_T31"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R34","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T33","obj":"EnjuParser_T32"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R35","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T34","obj":"EnjuParser_T33"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R36","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T36","obj":"EnjuParser_T35"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R37","pred":"modOf","subj":"EnjuParser_T47","obj":"EnjuParser_T35"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R38","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T39","obj":"EnjuParser_T36"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R39","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T39","obj":"EnjuParser_T37"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R40","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T39","obj":"EnjuParser_T38"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R41","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T47","obj":"EnjuParser_T40"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R42","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T42","obj":"EnjuParser_T41"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R43","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T42","obj":"EnjuParser_T43"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R44","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T45","obj":"EnjuParser_T43"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R45","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T45","obj":"EnjuParser_T44"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R46","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T43","obj":"EnjuParser_T46"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R47","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T47","obj":"EnjuParser_T46"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R48","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T43","obj":"EnjuParser_T47"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R49","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T48","obj":"EnjuParser_T47"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R50","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T55","obj":"EnjuParser_T48"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R51","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T55","obj":"EnjuParser_T49"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R52","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T55","obj":"EnjuParser_T50"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R53","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T55","obj":"EnjuParser_T51"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R54","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T55","obj":"EnjuParser_T52"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R55","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T53","obj":"EnjuParser_T52"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R56","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T54","obj":"EnjuParser_T52"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R57","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T55","obj":"EnjuParser_T56"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R58","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T63","obj":"EnjuParser_T56"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R59","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T63","obj":"EnjuParser_T57"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R60","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T63","obj":"EnjuParser_T58"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R61","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T63","obj":"EnjuParser_T59"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R62","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T60","obj":"EnjuParser_T59"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R63","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T61","obj":"EnjuParser_T59"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R64","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T63","obj":"EnjuParser_T62"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R65","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T64","obj":"EnjuParser_T65"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R66","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T67","obj":"EnjuParser_T65"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R67","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T67","obj":"EnjuParser_T66"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R68","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T67","obj":"EnjuParser_T68"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R69","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T72","obj":"EnjuParser_T68"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R70","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T72","obj":"EnjuParser_T69"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R71","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T72","obj":"EnjuParser_T70"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R72","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T72","obj":"EnjuParser_T71"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R73","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T64","obj":"EnjuParser_T73"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R74","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T96","obj":"EnjuParser_T73"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R75","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T96","obj":"EnjuParser_T74"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R76","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T76","obj":"EnjuParser_T75"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R77","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T76","obj":"EnjuParser_T77"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R78","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T81","obj":"EnjuParser_T77"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R79","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T81","obj":"EnjuParser_T78"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R80","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T81","obj":"EnjuParser_T79"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R81","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T81","obj":"EnjuParser_T80"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R82","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T81","obj":"EnjuParser_T82"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R83","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T83","obj":"EnjuParser_T82"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R84","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T83","obj":"EnjuParser_T84"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R85","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T85","obj":"EnjuParser_T84"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R86","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T86","obj":"EnjuParser_T84"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R87","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T88","obj":"EnjuParser_T87"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R88","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T76","obj":"EnjuParser_T88"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R89","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T95","obj":"EnjuParser_T88"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R90","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T95","obj":"EnjuParser_T89"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R91","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T95","obj":"EnjuParser_T90"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R92","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T91","obj":"EnjuParser_T90"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R93","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T92","obj":"EnjuParser_T90"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R94","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T95","obj":"EnjuParser_T93"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R95","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T95","obj":"EnjuParser_T94"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R96","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T88","obj":"EnjuParser_T96"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R97","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T99","obj":"EnjuParser_T96"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R98","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T99","obj":"EnjuParser_T97"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R99","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T98","obj":"EnjuParser_T99"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R100","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T100","obj":"EnjuParser_T99"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R101","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T96","obj":"EnjuParser_T101"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R102","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T102","obj":"EnjuParser_T101"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R103","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T102","obj":"EnjuParser_T103"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R104","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T104","obj":"EnjuParser_T103"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R105","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T104","obj":"EnjuParser_T105"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R106","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T112","obj":"EnjuParser_T105"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R107","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T112","obj":"EnjuParser_T106"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R108","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T112","obj":"EnjuParser_T107"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R109","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T108","obj":"EnjuParser_T107"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R110","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T109","obj":"EnjuParser_T107"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R111","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T112","obj":"EnjuParser_T110"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R112","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T112","obj":"EnjuParser_T111"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R113","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T102","obj":"EnjuParser_T113"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R114","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T114","obj":"EnjuParser_T113"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R115","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T117","obj":"EnjuParser_T114"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R116","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T117","obj":"EnjuParser_T115"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R117","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T117","obj":"EnjuParser_T116"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R118","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T117","obj":"EnjuParser_T118"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R119","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T121","obj":"EnjuParser_T118"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R120","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T121","obj":"EnjuParser_T119"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R121","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T121","obj":"EnjuParser_T120"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R122","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T124","obj":"EnjuParser_T122"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R123","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T124","obj":"EnjuParser_T123"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R124","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T124","obj":"EnjuParser_T125"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R125","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T128","obj":"EnjuParser_T125"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R126","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T128","obj":"EnjuParser_T126"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R127","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T128","obj":"EnjuParser_T127"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R128","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T125","obj":"EnjuParser_T129"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R129","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T131","obj":"EnjuParser_T129"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R130","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T131","obj":"EnjuParser_T130"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R131","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T148","obj":"EnjuParser_T132"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R132","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T136","obj":"EnjuParser_T132"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R133","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T134","obj":"EnjuParser_T133"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R134","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T134","obj":"EnjuParser_T135"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R135","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T136","obj":"EnjuParser_T135"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R136","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T134","obj":"EnjuParser_T136"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R137","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T136","obj":"EnjuParser_T137"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R138","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T138","obj":"EnjuParser_T137"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R139","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T148","obj":"EnjuParser_T139"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R140","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T142","obj":"EnjuParser_T140"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R141","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T142","obj":"EnjuParser_T141"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R142","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T142","obj":"EnjuParser_T143"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R143","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T146","obj":"EnjuParser_T143"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R144","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T146","obj":"EnjuParser_T144"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R145","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T146","obj":"EnjuParser_T145"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R146","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T142","obj":"EnjuParser_T147"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R147","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T148","obj":"EnjuParser_T147"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R148","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T142","obj":"EnjuParser_T148"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R149","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T148","obj":"EnjuParser_T149"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R150","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T161","obj":"EnjuParser_T149"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R151","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T150","obj":"EnjuParser_T151"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R152","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T152","obj":"EnjuParser_T151"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R153","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T153","obj":"EnjuParser_T151"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R154","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T150","obj":"EnjuParser_T154"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R155","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T150","obj":"EnjuParser_T155"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R156","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T156","obj":"EnjuParser_T155"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R157","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T156","obj":"EnjuParser_T157"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R158","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T158","obj":"EnjuParser_T157"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R159","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T159","obj":"EnjuParser_T157"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R160","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T161","obj":"EnjuParser_T160"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R161","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T150","obj":"EnjuParser_T161"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R162","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T168","obj":"EnjuParser_T161"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R163","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T168","obj":"EnjuParser_T162"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R164","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T168","obj":"EnjuParser_T163"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R165","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T164","obj":"EnjuParser_T163"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R166","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T165","obj":"EnjuParser_T163"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R167","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T168","obj":"EnjuParser_T166"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R168","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T168","obj":"EnjuParser_T167"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R169","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T171","obj":"EnjuParser_T169"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R170","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T171","obj":"EnjuParser_T170"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R171","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T171","obj":"EnjuParser_T172"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R172","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T173","obj":"EnjuParser_T172"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R173","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T171","obj":"EnjuParser_T173"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R174","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T173","obj":"EnjuParser_T174"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R175","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T176","obj":"EnjuParser_T174"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R176","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T175","obj":"EnjuParser_T176"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R177","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T177","obj":"EnjuParser_T176"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R178","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T176","obj":"EnjuParser_T178"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R179","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T180","obj":"EnjuParser_T178"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R180","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T179","obj":"EnjuParser_T180"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R181","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T182","obj":"EnjuParser_T180"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R182","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T182","obj":"EnjuParser_T181"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R183","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T180","obj":"EnjuParser_T183"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R184","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T185","obj":"EnjuParser_T183"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R185","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T185","obj":"EnjuParser_T184"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R186","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T185","obj":"EnjuParser_T186"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R187","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T198","obj":"EnjuParser_T186"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R188","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T187","obj":"EnjuParser_T188"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R189","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T189","obj":"EnjuParser_T188"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R190","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T190","obj":"EnjuParser_T188"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R191","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T187","obj":"EnjuParser_T191"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R192","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T187","obj":"EnjuParser_T192"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R193","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T193","obj":"EnjuParser_T192"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R194","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T193","obj":"EnjuParser_T194"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R195","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T195","obj":"EnjuParser_T194"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R196","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T196","obj":"EnjuParser_T194"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R197","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T198","obj":"EnjuParser_T197"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R198","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T187","obj":"EnjuParser_T198"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R199","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T205","obj":"EnjuParser_T198"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R200","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T205","obj":"EnjuParser_T199"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R201","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T205","obj":"EnjuParser_T200"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R202","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T201","obj":"EnjuParser_T200"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R203","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T202","obj":"EnjuParser_T200"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R204","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T205","obj":"EnjuParser_T203"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R205","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T205","obj":"EnjuParser_T204"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R206","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T245","obj":"EnjuParser_T206"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R207","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T245","obj":"EnjuParser_T207"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R208","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T245","obj":"EnjuParser_T208"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R209","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T212","obj":"EnjuParser_T208"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R210","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T210","obj":"EnjuParser_T209"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R211","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T210","obj":"EnjuParser_T211"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R212","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T212","obj":"EnjuParser_T211"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R213","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T210","obj":"EnjuParser_T212"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R214","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T212","obj":"EnjuParser_T213"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R215","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T214","obj":"EnjuParser_T213"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R216","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T212","obj":"EnjuParser_T215"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R217","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T217","obj":"EnjuParser_T215"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R218","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T237","obj":"EnjuParser_T215"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R219","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T217","obj":"EnjuParser_T216"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R220","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T217","obj":"EnjuParser_T218"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R221","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T219","obj":"EnjuParser_T218"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R222","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T237","obj":"EnjuParser_T220"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R223","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T224","obj":"EnjuParser_T220"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R224","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T225","obj":"EnjuParser_T220"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R225","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T224","obj":"EnjuParser_T221"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R226","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T222","obj":"EnjuParser_T221"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R227","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T223","obj":"EnjuParser_T221"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R228","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T228","obj":"EnjuParser_T226"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R229","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T228","obj":"EnjuParser_T227"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R230","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T230","obj":"EnjuParser_T228"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R231","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T230","obj":"EnjuParser_T229"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R232","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T230","obj":"EnjuParser_T231"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R233","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T232","obj":"EnjuParser_T231"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R234","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T232","obj":"EnjuParser_T233"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R235","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T234","obj":"EnjuParser_T233"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R236","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T235","obj":"EnjuParser_T233"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R237","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T237","obj":"EnjuParser_T236"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R238","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T230","obj":"EnjuParser_T237"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R239","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T238","obj":"EnjuParser_T237"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R240","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T238","obj":"EnjuParser_T239"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R241","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T240","obj":"EnjuParser_T239"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R242","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T241","obj":"EnjuParser_T239"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R243","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T244","obj":"EnjuParser_T242"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R244","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T244","obj":"EnjuParser_T243"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R245","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T244","obj":"EnjuParser_T245"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R246","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T261","obj":"EnjuParser_T245"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R247","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T245","obj":"EnjuParser_T246"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R248","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T251","obj":"EnjuParser_T246"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R249","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T248","obj":"EnjuParser_T247"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R250","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T251","obj":"EnjuParser_T248"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R251","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T248","obj":"EnjuParser_T249"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R252","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T250","obj":"EnjuParser_T249"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R253","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T251","obj":"EnjuParser_T250"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R254","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T251","obj":"EnjuParser_T252"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R255","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T253","obj":"EnjuParser_T252"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R256","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T253","obj":"EnjuParser_T254"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R257","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T255","obj":"EnjuParser_T254"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R258","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T255","obj":"EnjuParser_T256"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R259","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T257","obj":"EnjuParser_T256"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R260","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T258","obj":"EnjuParser_T256"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R261","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T261","obj":"EnjuParser_T259"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R262","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T261","obj":"EnjuParser_T260"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R263","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T281","obj":"EnjuParser_T262"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R264","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T262","obj":"EnjuParser_T263"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R265","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T264","obj":"EnjuParser_T263"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R266","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T281","obj":"EnjuParser_T265"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R267","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T266","obj":"EnjuParser_T267"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R268","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T269","obj":"EnjuParser_T267"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R269","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T268","obj":"EnjuParser_T269"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R270","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T272","obj":"EnjuParser_T269"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R271","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T272","obj":"EnjuParser_T270"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R272","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T272","obj":"EnjuParser_T271"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R273","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T266","obj":"EnjuParser_T273"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R274","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T280","obj":"EnjuParser_T273"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R275","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T280","obj":"EnjuParser_T274"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R276","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T280","obj":"EnjuParser_T275"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R277","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T276","obj":"EnjuParser_T275"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R278","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T277","obj":"EnjuParser_T275"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R279","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T280","obj":"EnjuParser_T278"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R280","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T280","obj":"EnjuParser_T279"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R281","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T266","obj":"EnjuParser_T281"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R282","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T294","obj":"EnjuParser_T281"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R283","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T281","obj":"EnjuParser_T282"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R284","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T281","obj":"EnjuParser_T283"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R285","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T284","obj":"EnjuParser_T283"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R286","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T284","obj":"EnjuParser_T285"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R287","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T286","obj":"EnjuParser_T285"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R288","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T286","obj":"EnjuParser_T287"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R289","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T288","obj":"EnjuParser_T287"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R290","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T288","obj":"EnjuParser_T289"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R291","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T290","obj":"EnjuParser_T289"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R292","pred":"arg3Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T291","obj":"EnjuParser_T289"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R293","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T294","obj":"EnjuParser_T292"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R294","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T294","obj":"EnjuParser_T293"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R295","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T296","obj":"EnjuParser_T295"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R296","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T296","obj":"EnjuParser_T297"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R297","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T303","obj":"EnjuParser_T297"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R298","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T303","obj":"EnjuParser_T298"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R299","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T301","obj":"EnjuParser_T299"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R300","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T301","obj":"EnjuParser_T300"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R301","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T301","obj":"EnjuParser_T302"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R302","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T303","obj":"EnjuParser_T302"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R303","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T301","obj":"EnjuParser_T303"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R304","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T303","obj":"EnjuParser_T304"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R305","pred":"arg2Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T306","obj":"EnjuParser_T304"},{"id":"EnjuParser_R306","pred":"arg1Of","subj":"EnjuParser_T306","obj":"EnjuParser_T305"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://kmcs.nii.ac.jp/enju/"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"Glycan-GlyCosmos","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":226,"end":229},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1335,"end":1338},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1528},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1741,"end":1744},"obj":"Glycan"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T1","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G84224TW"},{"id":"A8","pred":"image","subj":"T1","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A2","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T2","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G84224TW"},{"id":"A9","pred":"image","subj":"T2","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A3","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T3","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/ G84224TW"},{"id":"A10","pred":"image","subj":"T3","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A4","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T4","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/ G84224TW"},{"id":"A11","pred":"image","subj":"T4","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A5","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T5","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/ G84224TW"},{"id":"A12","pred":"image","subj":"T5","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A6","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T6","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G91237TK"},{"id":"A13","pred":"image","subj":"T6","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G91237TK"},{"id":"A7","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T7","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/ G84224TW"},{"id":"A14","pred":"image","subj":"T7","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos-GlycoEpitope","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"http://purl.jp/bio/12/glyco/glycan#Glycan_epitope"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"http://purl.jp/bio/12/glyco/glycan#Glycan_epitope"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"glycoepitope_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0078"},{"id":"A2","pred":"glycoepitope_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0078"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos15-NCBITAXON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":86,"end":91},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":352,"end":357},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":426,"end":430},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"db_id","subj":"T1","obj":"9606"},{"id":"A2","pred":"db_id","subj":"T2","obj":"10088"},{"id":"A3","pred":"db_id","subj":"T2","obj":"10090"},{"id":"A4","pred":"db_id","subj":"T4","obj":"10088"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos15-CL","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":358,"end":378},"obj":"Cell"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":368,"end":378},"obj":"Cell"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"cl_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL:2000042"},{"id":"A2","pred":"cl_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL:0000057"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos15-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":358,"end":378},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":1128,"end":1136},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000042"},{"id":"A2","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020"},{"id":"A3","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000094"},{"id":"A4","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"sentences","denotations":[{"id":"TextSentencer_T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":85},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T2","span":{"begin":86,"end":255},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T3","span":{"begin":256,"end":431},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T4","span":{"begin":432,"end":749},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T5","span":{"begin":750,"end":812},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T6","span":{"begin":813,"end":1024},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T7","span":{"begin":1025,"end":1232},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T8","span":{"begin":1233,"end":1491},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T9","span":{"begin":1492,"end":1677},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"TextSentencer_T10","span":{"begin":1678,"end":1762},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":85},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":86,"end":255},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":256,"end":431},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":432,"end":749},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":750,"end":812},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":813,"end":1024},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1025,"end":1232},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1233,"end":1491},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1492,"end":1677},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1678,"end":1762},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos15-Sentences","blocks":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":85},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":86,"end":255},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":256,"end":431},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":432,"end":749},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":750,"end":812},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":813,"end":1024},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1025,"end":1232},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1233,"end":1491},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1492,"end":1677},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1678,"end":1762},"obj":"Sentence"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos15-Glycan","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":226,"end":229},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1335,"end":1338},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1528},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1552,"end":1555},"obj":"Glycan"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1741,"end":1744},"obj":"Glycan"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T1","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G84224TW"},{"id":"A8","pred":"image","subj":"T1","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A2","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T2","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G84224TW"},{"id":"A9","pred":"image","subj":"T2","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A3","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T3","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/ G84224TW"},{"id":"A10","pred":"image","subj":"T3","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A4","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T4","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/ G84224TW"},{"id":"A11","pred":"image","subj":"T4","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A5","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T5","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/ G84224TW"},{"id":"A12","pred":"image","subj":"T5","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"},{"id":"A6","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T6","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/G91237TK"},{"id":"A13","pred":"image","subj":"T6","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G91237TK"},{"id":"A7","pred":"glycosmos_id","subj":"T7","obj":"https://glycosmos.org/glycans/show/ G84224TW"},{"id":"A14","pred":"image","subj":"T7","obj":"https://api.glycosmos.org/wurcs2image/latest/png/binary/G84224TW"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"GlyCosmos15-GlycoEpitope","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":55,"end":71},"obj":"http://purl.jp/bio/12/glyco/glycan#Glycan_epitope"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":208,"end":224},"obj":"http://purl.jp/bio/12/glyco/glycan#Glycan_epitope"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"glycoepitope_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0078"},{"id":"A2","pred":"glycoepitope_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0078"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"NCBITAXON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":86,"end":91},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":352,"end":357},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":426,"end":430},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"db_id","subj":"T1","obj":"9606"},{"id":"A2","pred":"db_id","subj":"T2","obj":"10088"},{"id":"A3","pred":"db_id","subj":"T2","obj":"10090"},{"id":"A4","pred":"db_id","subj":"T4","obj":"10088"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"Anatomy-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":358,"end":378},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":1128,"end":1136},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000042"},{"id":"A2","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020"},{"id":"A3","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000094"},{"id":"A4","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}

{"project":"CL-cell","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":358,"end":378},"obj":"Cell"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":368,"end":378},"obj":"Cell"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"cl_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL:2000042"},{"id":"A2","pred":"cl_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL:0000057"}],"text":"Involvement of murine β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V in lactosylceramide biosynthesis.\nHuman β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) V was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, O-glycans and lactosylceramide (Lac-Cer) by in vitro studies. To determine its substrate specificity, enzymatic activity and its products were analyzed using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells from β-1,4-GalT V (B4galt5)-mutant mice. Analysis of expression levels of the β-1,4-GalT I-VI genes revealed that the expression of the β-1,4-GalT V gene in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells are a half and null when compared to that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells without altering the expression levels of other β-1,4-GalT genes. These MEF cells showed no apparent difference in their growth. When β-1,4-GalT activities were determined towards GlcNAcβ-S-pNP, no significant difference in its specific activity was obtained among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. No significant differences were obtained in structures and amounts of N-glycans and lectin bindings to membrane glycoproteins among B4galt5 ( +/+ )-, B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells. However, when cell homogenates were incubated with glucosylceramide in the presence of UDP-[(3)H]Gal, Lac-Cer synthase activity in B4galt5 ( +/- ) - and B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased to 41% and 11% of that of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells. These results indicate that murine β-1,4-GalT V is involved in Lac-Cer biosynthesis."}