PubMed:20431083 JSON TXT

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LitCoin-sentences

{"project":"LitCoin-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":134},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":135,"end":158},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":159,"end":327},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":328,"end":495},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":496,"end":504},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":505,"end":814},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":815,"end":934},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":935,"end":943},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":944,"end":1258},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1259,"end":1458},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1459,"end":1688},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1689,"end":1878},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1879,"end":1891},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1892,"end":2023},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":2024,"end":2130},"obj":"Sentence"}],"text":"Antithrombotic drug use, cerebral microbleeds, and intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review of published and unpublished studies.\nBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral microbleeds (MB) are potential risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but it is unclear if they are a contraindication to using antithrombotic drugs. Insights could be gained by pooling data on MB frequency stratified by antithrombotic use in cohorts with ICH and ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA).\nMETHODS: We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished data from cohorts with stroke or TIA to compare the presence of MB in: (1) antithrombotic users vs nonantithrombotic users with ICH; (2) antithrombotic users vs nonusers with IS/TIA; and (3) ICH vs ischemic events stratified by antithrombotic use. We also analyzed published and unpublished follow-up data to determine the risk of ICH in antithrombotic users with MB.\nRESULTS: In a pooled analysis of 1460 ICH and 3817 IS/TIA, MB were more frequent in ICH vs IS/TIA in all treatment groups, but the excess increased from 2.8 (odds ratio; range, 2.3-3.5) in nonantithrombotic users to 5.7 (range, 3.4-9.7) in antiplatelet users and 8.0 (range, 3.5-17.8) in warfarin users (P difference=0.01). There was also an excess of MB in warfarin users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.4; P\u003c0.001) but none in warfarin users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.9-1.7; P=0.33; P difference=0.01). There was a smaller excess of MB in antiplatelet users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3; P\u003c0.001), but findings were similar for antiplatelet users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7; P\u003c0.001; P difference=0.25). In pooled follow-up data for 768 antithrombotic users, presence of MB at baseline was associated with a substantially increased risk of subsequent ICH (OR, 12.1; 95% CI, 3.4-42.5; P\u003c0.001).\nCONCLUSIONS: The excess of MB in warfarin users with ICH compared to other groups suggests that MB increase the risk of warfarin-associated ICH. Limited prospective data corroborate these findings, but larger prospective studies are urgently required."}

LitCoin-entities

LitCoin_Mondo

{"project":"LitCoin_Mondo","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":25,"end":33},"obj":"DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":51,"end":75},"obj":"DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":159,"end":167},"obj":"DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":216,"end":240},"obj":"DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":463,"end":488},"obj":"DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T1","obj":"0002645"},{"id":"A2","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T2","obj":"0013792"},{"id":"A3","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T3","obj":"0002645"},{"id":"A4","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T4","obj":"0013792"},{"id":"A5","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T5","obj":"0005264"}],"text":"Antithrombotic drug use, cerebral microbleeds, and intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review of published and unpublished studies.\nBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral microbleeds (MB) are potential risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but it is unclear if they are a contraindication to using antithrombotic drugs. Insights could be gained by pooling data on MB frequency stratified by antithrombotic use in cohorts with ICH and ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA).\nMETHODS: We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished data from cohorts with stroke or TIA to compare the presence of MB in: (1) antithrombotic users vs nonantithrombotic users with ICH; (2) antithrombotic users vs nonusers with IS/TIA; and (3) ICH vs ischemic events stratified by antithrombotic use. We also analyzed published and unpublished follow-up data to determine the risk of ICH in antithrombotic users with MB.\nRESULTS: In a pooled analysis of 1460 ICH and 3817 IS/TIA, MB were more frequent in ICH vs IS/TIA in all treatment groups, but the excess increased from 2.8 (odds ratio; range, 2.3-3.5) in nonantithrombotic users to 5.7 (range, 3.4-9.7) in antiplatelet users and 8.0 (range, 3.5-17.8) in warfarin users (P difference=0.01). There was also an excess of MB in warfarin users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.4; P\u003c0.001) but none in warfarin users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.9-1.7; P=0.33; P difference=0.01). There was a smaller excess of MB in antiplatelet users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3; P\u003c0.001), but findings were similar for antiplatelet users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7; P\u003c0.001; P difference=0.25). In pooled follow-up data for 768 antithrombotic users, presence of MB at baseline was associated with a substantially increased risk of subsequent ICH (OR, 12.1; 95% CI, 3.4-42.5; P\u003c0.001).\nCONCLUSIONS: The excess of MB in warfarin users with ICH compared to other groups suggests that MB increase the risk of warfarin-associated ICH. Limited prospective data corroborate these findings, but larger prospective studies are urgently required."}

LitCoin-GeneOrGeneProduct-v0

LitCoin-GeneOrGeneProduct-v2

{"project":"LitCoin-GeneOrGeneProduct-v2","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":258,"end":265},"obj":"GeneOrGeneProduct"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":375,"end":384},"obj":"GeneOrGeneProduct"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1330,"end":1337},"obj":"GeneOrGeneProduct"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1369,"end":1373},"obj":"GeneOrGeneProduct"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1471,"end":1478},"obj":"GeneOrGeneProduct"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1590,"end":1597},"obj":"GeneOrGeneProduct"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1948,"end":1953},"obj":"GeneOrGeneProduct"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":2024,"end":2031},"obj":"GeneOrGeneProduct"}],"text":"Antithrombotic drug use, cerebral microbleeds, and intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review of published and unpublished studies.\nBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral microbleeds (MB) are potential risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but it is unclear if they are a contraindication to using antithrombotic drugs. Insights could be gained by pooling data on MB frequency stratified by antithrombotic use in cohorts with ICH and ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA).\nMETHODS: We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished data from cohorts with stroke or TIA to compare the presence of MB in: (1) antithrombotic users vs nonantithrombotic users with ICH; (2) antithrombotic users vs nonusers with IS/TIA; and (3) ICH vs ischemic events stratified by antithrombotic use. We also analyzed published and unpublished follow-up data to determine the risk of ICH in antithrombotic users with MB.\nRESULTS: In a pooled analysis of 1460 ICH and 3817 IS/TIA, MB were more frequent in ICH vs IS/TIA in all treatment groups, but the excess increased from 2.8 (odds ratio; range, 2.3-3.5) in nonantithrombotic users to 5.7 (range, 3.4-9.7) in antiplatelet users and 8.0 (range, 3.5-17.8) in warfarin users (P difference=0.01). There was also an excess of MB in warfarin users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.4; P\u003c0.001) but none in warfarin users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.9-1.7; P=0.33; P difference=0.01). There was a smaller excess of MB in antiplatelet users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3; P\u003c0.001), but findings were similar for antiplatelet users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7; P\u003c0.001; P difference=0.25). In pooled follow-up data for 768 antithrombotic users, presence of MB at baseline was associated with a substantially increased risk of subsequent ICH (OR, 12.1; 95% CI, 3.4-42.5; P\u003c0.001).\nCONCLUSIONS: The excess of MB in warfarin users with ICH compared to other groups suggests that MB increase the risk of warfarin-associated ICH. Limited prospective data corroborate these findings, but larger prospective studies are urgently required."}

LitCoin-Disease-MeSH

LitCoin_Mondo_095

LitCoin-GeneOrGeneProduct-v3

{"project":"LitCoin-GeneOrGeneProduct-v3","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":1330,"end":1337},"obj":"GeneOrGeneProduct"}],"text":"Antithrombotic drug use, cerebral microbleeds, and intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review of published and unpublished studies.\nBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral microbleeds (MB) are potential risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but it is unclear if they are a contraindication to using antithrombotic drugs. Insights could be gained by pooling data on MB frequency stratified by antithrombotic use in cohorts with ICH and ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA).\nMETHODS: We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished data from cohorts with stroke or TIA to compare the presence of MB in: (1) antithrombotic users vs nonantithrombotic users with ICH; (2) antithrombotic users vs nonusers with IS/TIA; and (3) ICH vs ischemic events stratified by antithrombotic use. We also analyzed published and unpublished follow-up data to determine the risk of ICH in antithrombotic users with MB.\nRESULTS: In a pooled analysis of 1460 ICH and 3817 IS/TIA, MB were more frequent in ICH vs IS/TIA in all treatment groups, but the excess increased from 2.8 (odds ratio; range, 2.3-3.5) in nonantithrombotic users to 5.7 (range, 3.4-9.7) in antiplatelet users and 8.0 (range, 3.5-17.8) in warfarin users (P difference=0.01). There was also an excess of MB in warfarin users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.4; P\u003c0.001) but none in warfarin users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.9-1.7; P=0.33; P difference=0.01). There was a smaller excess of MB in antiplatelet users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3; P\u003c0.001), but findings were similar for antiplatelet users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7; P\u003c0.001; P difference=0.25). In pooled follow-up data for 768 antithrombotic users, presence of MB at baseline was associated with a substantially increased risk of subsequent ICH (OR, 12.1; 95% CI, 3.4-42.5; P\u003c0.001).\nCONCLUSIONS: The excess of MB in warfarin users with ICH compared to other groups suggests that MB increase the risk of warfarin-associated ICH. Limited prospective data corroborate these findings, but larger prospective studies are urgently required."}

LitCoin-MeSH-Disease-2

LitCoin-MONDO_bioort2019

LitCoin-NCBITaxon-2

{"project":"LitCoin-NCBITaxon-2","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":490,"end":493},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":600,"end":603},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":745,"end":748},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":989,"end":992},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1029,"end":1032},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1400,"end":1403},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1629,"end":1632},"obj":"OrganismTaxon"}],"text":"Antithrombotic drug use, cerebral microbleeds, and intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review of published and unpublished studies.\nBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral microbleeds (MB) are potential risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but it is unclear if they are a contraindication to using antithrombotic drugs. Insights could be gained by pooling data on MB frequency stratified by antithrombotic use in cohorts with ICH and ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA).\nMETHODS: We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished data from cohorts with stroke or TIA to compare the presence of MB in: (1) antithrombotic users vs nonantithrombotic users with ICH; (2) antithrombotic users vs nonusers with IS/TIA; and (3) ICH vs ischemic events stratified by antithrombotic use. We also analyzed published and unpublished follow-up data to determine the risk of ICH in antithrombotic users with MB.\nRESULTS: In a pooled analysis of 1460 ICH and 3817 IS/TIA, MB were more frequent in ICH vs IS/TIA in all treatment groups, but the excess increased from 2.8 (odds ratio; range, 2.3-3.5) in nonantithrombotic users to 5.7 (range, 3.4-9.7) in antiplatelet users and 8.0 (range, 3.5-17.8) in warfarin users (P difference=0.01). There was also an excess of MB in warfarin users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.4; P\u003c0.001) but none in warfarin users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.9-1.7; P=0.33; P difference=0.01). There was a smaller excess of MB in antiplatelet users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3; P\u003c0.001), but findings were similar for antiplatelet users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7; P\u003c0.001; P difference=0.25). In pooled follow-up data for 768 antithrombotic users, presence of MB at baseline was associated with a substantially increased risk of subsequent ICH (OR, 12.1; 95% CI, 3.4-42.5; P\u003c0.001).\nCONCLUSIONS: The excess of MB in warfarin users with ICH compared to other groups suggests that MB increase the risk of warfarin-associated ICH. Limited prospective data corroborate these findings, but larger prospective studies are urgently required."}

LitCoin-Chemical-MeSH-CHEBI

{"project":"LitCoin-Chemical-MeSH-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":19},"obj":"ChemicalEntity"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":306,"end":326},"obj":"ChemicalEntity"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1223,"end":1231},"obj":"ChemicalEntity"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1293,"end":1301},"obj":"ChemicalEntity"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1385},"obj":"ChemicalEntity"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1912,"end":1920},"obj":"ChemicalEntity"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1999,"end":2007},"obj":"ChemicalEntity"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A11","pred":"ID:","subj":"T11","obj":"D014859"},{"id":"A12","pred":"ID:","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10033"},{"id":"A3","pred":"ID:","subj":"T3","obj":"D014859"},{"id":"A4","pred":"ID:","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10033"},{"id":"A7","pred":"ID:","subj":"T7","obj":"D014859"},{"id":"A8","pred":"ID:","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10033"},{"id":"A2","pred":"ID:","subj":"T2","obj":"ChemicalEntity"},{"id":"A5","pred":"ID:","subj":"T5","obj":"D014859"},{"id":"A6","pred":"ID:","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10033"},{"id":"A1","pred":"ID:","subj":"T1","obj":"ChemicalEntity"},{"id":"A9","pred":"ID:","subj":"T9","obj":"D014859"},{"id":"A10","pred":"ID:","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10033"}],"text":"Antithrombotic drug use, cerebral microbleeds, and intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review of published and unpublished studies.\nBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral microbleeds (MB) are potential risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but it is unclear if they are a contraindication to using antithrombotic drugs. Insights could be gained by pooling data on MB frequency stratified by antithrombotic use in cohorts with ICH and ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA).\nMETHODS: We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished data from cohorts with stroke or TIA to compare the presence of MB in: (1) antithrombotic users vs nonantithrombotic users with ICH; (2) antithrombotic users vs nonusers with IS/TIA; and (3) ICH vs ischemic events stratified by antithrombotic use. We also analyzed published and unpublished follow-up data to determine the risk of ICH in antithrombotic users with MB.\nRESULTS: In a pooled analysis of 1460 ICH and 3817 IS/TIA, MB were more frequent in ICH vs IS/TIA in all treatment groups, but the excess increased from 2.8 (odds ratio; range, 2.3-3.5) in nonantithrombotic users to 5.7 (range, 3.4-9.7) in antiplatelet users and 8.0 (range, 3.5-17.8) in warfarin users (P difference=0.01). There was also an excess of MB in warfarin users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.4; P\u003c0.001) but none in warfarin users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.9-1.7; P=0.33; P difference=0.01). There was a smaller excess of MB in antiplatelet users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3; P\u003c0.001), but findings were similar for antiplatelet users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7; P\u003c0.001; P difference=0.25). In pooled follow-up data for 768 antithrombotic users, presence of MB at baseline was associated with a substantially increased risk of subsequent ICH (OR, 12.1; 95% CI, 3.4-42.5; P\u003c0.001).\nCONCLUSIONS: The excess of MB in warfarin users with ICH compared to other groups suggests that MB increase the risk of warfarin-associated ICH. Limited prospective data corroborate these findings, but larger prospective studies are urgently required."}

LitCoin-training-merged

PubmedHPO

{"project":"PubmedHPO","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":216,"end":240},"obj":"HP_0001342"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":442,"end":457},"obj":"HP_0002140"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":451,"end":457},"obj":"HP_0001297"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":463,"end":488},"obj":"HP_0002326"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":490,"end":493},"obj":"HP_0002326"}],"text":"Antithrombotic drug use, cerebral microbleeds, and intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review of published and unpublished studies.\nBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral microbleeds (MB) are potential risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but it is unclear if they are a contraindication to using antithrombotic drugs. Insights could be gained by pooling data on MB frequency stratified by antithrombotic use in cohorts with ICH and ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA).\nMETHODS: We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished data from cohorts with stroke or TIA to compare the presence of MB in: (1) antithrombotic users vs nonantithrombotic users with ICH; (2) antithrombotic users vs nonusers with IS/TIA; and (3) ICH vs ischemic events stratified by antithrombotic use. We also analyzed published and unpublished follow-up data to determine the risk of ICH in antithrombotic users with MB.\nRESULTS: In a pooled analysis of 1460 ICH and 3817 IS/TIA, MB were more frequent in ICH vs IS/TIA in all treatment groups, but the excess increased from 2.8 (odds ratio; range, 2.3-3.5) in nonantithrombotic users to 5.7 (range, 3.4-9.7) in antiplatelet users and 8.0 (range, 3.5-17.8) in warfarin users (P difference=0.01). There was also an excess of MB in warfarin users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.4; P\u003c0.001) but none in warfarin users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.9-1.7; P=0.33; P difference=0.01). There was a smaller excess of MB in antiplatelet users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3; P\u003c0.001), but findings were similar for antiplatelet users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7; P\u003c0.001; P difference=0.25). In pooled follow-up data for 768 antithrombotic users, presence of MB at baseline was associated with a substantially increased risk of subsequent ICH (OR, 12.1; 95% CI, 3.4-42.5; P\u003c0.001).\nCONCLUSIONS: The excess of MB in warfarin users with ICH compared to other groups suggests that MB increase the risk of warfarin-associated ICH. Limited prospective data corroborate these findings, but larger prospective studies are urgently required."}

Allie

{"project":"Allie","denotations":[{"id":"SS1_20431083_2_0","span":{"begin":168,"end":179},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_20431083_2_0","span":{"begin":181,"end":183},"obj":"abbr"},{"id":"SS1_20431083_2_1","span":{"begin":216,"end":240},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_20431083_2_1","span":{"begin":242,"end":245},"obj":"abbr"},{"id":"SS1_20431083_3_0","span":{"begin":442,"end":457},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_20431083_3_0","span":{"begin":459,"end":461},"obj":"abbr"},{"id":"SS1_20431083_3_1","span":{"begin":463,"end":488},"obj":"expanded"},{"id":"SS2_20431083_3_1","span":{"begin":490,"end":493},"obj":"abbr"}],"relations":[{"id":"AE1_20431083_2_0","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_20431083_2_0","obj":"SS2_20431083_2_0"},{"id":"AE1_20431083_2_1","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_20431083_2_1","obj":"SS2_20431083_2_1"},{"id":"AE1_20431083_3_0","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_20431083_3_0","obj":"SS2_20431083_3_0"},{"id":"AE1_20431083_3_1","pred":"abbreviatedTo","subj":"SS1_20431083_3_1","obj":"SS2_20431083_3_1"}],"text":"Antithrombotic drug use, cerebral microbleeds, and intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review of published and unpublished studies.\nBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral microbleeds (MB) are potential risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but it is unclear if they are a contraindication to using antithrombotic drugs. Insights could be gained by pooling data on MB frequency stratified by antithrombotic use in cohorts with ICH and ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA).\nMETHODS: We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished data from cohorts with stroke or TIA to compare the presence of MB in: (1) antithrombotic users vs nonantithrombotic users with ICH; (2) antithrombotic users vs nonusers with IS/TIA; and (3) ICH vs ischemic events stratified by antithrombotic use. We also analyzed published and unpublished follow-up data to determine the risk of ICH in antithrombotic users with MB.\nRESULTS: In a pooled analysis of 1460 ICH and 3817 IS/TIA, MB were more frequent in ICH vs IS/TIA in all treatment groups, but the excess increased from 2.8 (odds ratio; range, 2.3-3.5) in nonantithrombotic users to 5.7 (range, 3.4-9.7) in antiplatelet users and 8.0 (range, 3.5-17.8) in warfarin users (P difference=0.01). There was also an excess of MB in warfarin users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.4; P\u003c0.001) but none in warfarin users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.9-1.7; P=0.33; P difference=0.01). There was a smaller excess of MB in antiplatelet users vs nonusers with ICH (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3; P\u003c0.001), but findings were similar for antiplatelet users with IS/TIA (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7; P\u003c0.001; P difference=0.25). In pooled follow-up data for 768 antithrombotic users, presence of MB at baseline was associated with a substantially increased risk of subsequent ICH (OR, 12.1; 95% CI, 3.4-42.5; P\u003c0.001).\nCONCLUSIONS: The excess of MB in warfarin users with ICH compared to other groups suggests that MB increase the risk of warfarin-associated ICH. Limited prospective data corroborate these findings, but larger prospective studies are urgently required."}