PubMed:19289093 JSONTXT

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-experiment","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":93,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":330,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":388,"end":399},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":883,"end":890},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1039,"end":1046},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-deepseek-nr-ng","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":911,"end":914},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1079,"end":1107},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gemini-r-ng","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":356},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":388,"end":408},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1079,"end":1107},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":93,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":330,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":388,"end":399},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":883,"end":890},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1039,"end":1046},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gemini-r-g","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":388,"end":408},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1079,"end":1107},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gemini-nr-g","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":388,"end":408},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":911,"end":914},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1079,"end":1095},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gemini-nr-ng","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":388,"end":408},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":788,"end":792},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1039,"end":1046},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1079,"end":1095},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gpt-r-g","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":388,"end":399},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":788,"end":792},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":883,"end":890},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1039,"end":1046},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gpt-nr-g","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":388,"end":399},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":788,"end":792},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":883,"end":890},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1039,"end":1046},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1092,"end":1095},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gpt-r-ng","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":388,"end":408},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":788,"end":792},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":883,"end":890},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1039,"end":1046},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1092,"end":1095},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gpt-nr-ng","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":388,"end":408},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":788,"end":792},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":883,"end":890},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1039,"end":1046},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-deepseek-r-ng","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1092,"end":1107},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gemini-r-m","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":388,"end":399},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":883,"end":890},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1079,"end":1107},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gpt-r-m2","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":388,"end":399},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":788,"end":792},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":883,"end":890},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1039,"end":1046},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1092,"end":1095},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-deepseek-r-g","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":388,"end":399},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-deepseek-nr-g","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":911,"end":914},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1092,"end":1095},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-deepseek-r-m","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":388,"end":399},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}

{"project":"bc5cdr-valid-gpt-r-m","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":80,"end":112},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":116,"end":123},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":134,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":262,"end":269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":317,"end":349},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":388,"end":399},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":480,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":559,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":588,"end":599},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":788,"end":792},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":814,"end":821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":883,"end":890},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1039,"end":1046},"obj":"Chemical"}],"text":"Identification of a simple and sensitive microplate method for the detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin products.\nHeparin is a commonly implemented anticoagulant used to treat critically ill patients. Recently, a number of commercial lots of heparin products were found to be contaminated with an oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) derivative that could elicit a hypotensive response in pigs following a single high-dose infusion. Using both contaminated heparin products and the synthetically produced derivative, we showed that the OSCS produces dose-dependent hypotension in pigs. The no observed effect level (NOEL) for this contaminant appears to be approximately 1mg/kg, corresponding to a contamination level of approximately 3%. We also demonstrated that OSCS can be identified in heparin products using a simple, inexpensive, commercially available heparin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit that has a limit of detection of approximately 0.1%, well below the NOEL. This kit may provide a useful method to test heparin products for contamination with oversulfated GAG derivatives."}