Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T1 |
0-185 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Increased expression of type 2 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C3) and its relationship with androgen receptor in prostate carcinoma. |
T2 |
186-434 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Type 2 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3alpha-HSD) is a multi-functional enzyme that possesses 3alpha-, 17beta- and 20alpha-HSD, as well as prostaglandin (PG) F synthase activities and catalyzes androgen, estrogen, progestin and PG metabolism. |
T3 |
435-563 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Type 2 3alpha-HSD was cloned from human prostate, is a member of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily and was named AKR1C3. |
T4 |
564-810 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In androgen target tissues such as the prostate, AKR1C3 catalyzes the conversion of Delta(4)-androstene-3,17-dione to testosterone, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone to 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol (3alpha-diol), and 3alpha-diol to androsterone. |
T5 |
811-930 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thus AKR1C3 may regulate the balance of androgens and hence trans-activation of the androgen receptor in these tissues. |
T6 |
931-1031 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Tissue distribution studies indicate that AKR1C3 transcripts are highly expressed in human prostate. |
T7 |
1032-1171 |
Sentence |
denotes |
To measure AKR1C3 protein expression and its distribution in the prostate, we raised a monoclonal antibody specifically recognizing AKR1C3. |
T8 |
1172-1268 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This antibody allowed us to distinguish AKR1C3 from other AKR1C family members in human tissues. |
T9 |
1269-1442 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Immunoblot analysis showed that this monoclonal antibody binds to one species of protein in primary cultures of prostate epithelial cells and in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. |
T10 |
1443-1659 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Immunohistochemistry with this antibody on human prostate detected strong nuclear immunoreactivity in normal stromal and smooth muscle cells, perineurial cells, urothelial (transitional) cells, and endothelial cells. |
T11 |
1660-1738 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Normal prostate epithelial cells were only faintly immunoreactive or negative. |
T12 |
1739-1835 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Positive immunoreactivity was demonstrated in primary prostatic adenocarcinoma in 9 of 11 cases. |
T13 |
1836-2036 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Variable increases in immunoreactivity for AKR1C3 was also demonstrated in non-neoplastic changes in the prostate including chronic inflammation, atrophy and urothelial (transitional) cell metaplasia. |
T14 |
2037-2129 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We conclude that elevated expression of AKR1C3 is highly associated with prostate carcinoma. |
T15 |
2130-2327 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Although the biological significance of elevated AKR1C3 in prostatic carcinoma is uncertain, AKR1C3 may be responsible for the trophic effects of androgens and/or PGs on prostatic epithelial cells. |
T1 |
0-185 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Increased expression of type 2 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C3) and its relationship with androgen receptor in prostate carcinoma. |
T2 |
186-434 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Type 2 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3alpha-HSD) is a multi-functional enzyme that possesses 3alpha-, 17beta- and 20alpha-HSD, as well as prostaglandin (PG) F synthase activities and catalyzes androgen, estrogen, progestin and PG metabolism. |
T3 |
435-563 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Type 2 3alpha-HSD was cloned from human prostate, is a member of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily and was named AKR1C3. |
T4 |
564-810 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In androgen target tissues such as the prostate, AKR1C3 catalyzes the conversion of Delta(4)-androstene-3,17-dione to testosterone, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone to 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol (3alpha-diol), and 3alpha-diol to androsterone. |
T5 |
811-930 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thus AKR1C3 may regulate the balance of androgens and hence trans-activation of the androgen receptor in these tissues. |
T6 |
931-1031 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Tissue distribution studies indicate that AKR1C3 transcripts are highly expressed in human prostate. |
T7 |
1032-1171 |
Sentence |
denotes |
To measure AKR1C3 protein expression and its distribution in the prostate, we raised a monoclonal antibody specifically recognizing AKR1C3. |
T8 |
1172-1268 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This antibody allowed us to distinguish AKR1C3 from other AKR1C family members in human tissues. |
T9 |
1269-1442 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Immunoblot analysis showed that this monoclonal antibody binds to one species of protein in primary cultures of prostate epithelial cells and in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. |
T10 |
1443-1659 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Immunohistochemistry with this antibody on human prostate detected strong nuclear immunoreactivity in normal stromal and smooth muscle cells, perineurial cells, urothelial (transitional) cells, and endothelial cells. |
T11 |
1660-1738 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Normal prostate epithelial cells were only faintly immunoreactive or negative. |
T12 |
1739-1835 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Positive immunoreactivity was demonstrated in primary prostatic adenocarcinoma in 9 of 11 cases. |
T13 |
1836-2036 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Variable increases in immunoreactivity for AKR1C3 was also demonstrated in non-neoplastic changes in the prostate including chronic inflammation, atrophy and urothelial (transitional) cell metaplasia. |
T14 |
2037-2129 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We conclude that elevated expression of AKR1C3 is highly associated with prostate carcinoma. |
T15 |
2130-2327 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Although the biological significance of elevated AKR1C3 in prostatic carcinoma is uncertain, AKR1C3 may be responsible for the trophic effects of androgens and/or PGs on prostatic epithelial cells. |