> top > docs > PubMed:12594522 > annotations

PubMed:12594522 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

PubMed_ArguminSci

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 135-265 DRI_Background denotes Nickel subsulfide is used in the manufacture of lithium batteries and is a major component in the refining of certain nickel ores.
T2 266-444 DRI_Approach denotes Nickel subsulfide was nominated as part of a class study of nickel compounds, for which there was little information on the toxic and carcinogenic effects of inhalation exposure.
T3 445-738 DRI_Outcome denotes Male and female F334/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to nickel subsulfide (at least 97% pure; the mean value for the mass median aerodynamic diameter at each exposure concentration ranged from 2.0 to 2.2 mm by inhalation 6 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 16 days, 13 weeks, or 2 years.
T4 739-873 DRI_Background denotes Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhimurium, and mouse peripheral blood samples were analyzed for frequency of
T5 904-917 DRI_Background denotes erythrocytes.
T6 918-1235 DRI_Outcome denotes 16-DAY STUDY IN RATS: Groups of five male and five female F344/N rats were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.44, 0.88, 1.83, 3.65, and 7.33 mg nickel/m(3)) 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for a total of 12 exposure days during a 16-day period.
T7 1236-1359 DRI_Background denotes Additionalmgroups of three male and three female rats were exposed to 0, 0.6, 2.5, or 10 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T8 1360-1494 DRI_Approach denotes One male exposed to 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) in the core study died on day 14; all other rats survived until the end of the study.
T9 1495-1697 DRI_Outcome denotes Final mean body weights and mean body weight gains of males exposed to 5 or 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) and females exposed to 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/m(3) were significantly lower than those of the controls.
T10 1698-1872 DRI_Background denotes Clinical findings of toxicity on day 5 of the study included labored respiration in 10 mg/m(3) males and 5 and 10 mg/m(3) females and dehydration in 5 and 10 mg/m(3) females.
T11 1873-2082 DRI_Background denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/m(3) males and all exposed groups of females were significantlymgreater than those of the controls, as was the absolute lung weight of 1.2 mg/m(3) males.
T12 2083-2186 DRI_Background denotes Inflammation of the lung and atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium occurred in all exposed mgroups.
T13 2187-2355 DRI_Outcome denotes The concentrations of nickel in the lungs of exposedmgroups of rats increased with exposure concentration (males, 7 to 67 mg nickel/g lung; females, 9 to 77 mg/g lung).
T14 2356-2610 DRI_Outcome denotes 16-DAY STUDY IN MICE: Groups of five male and five female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for a total of 12 exposure days during a 16-day period.
T15 2611-2734 DRI_Background denotes Additional groups of three male and three female mice were exposed to 0, 0.6, 2.5, or 10 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T16 2735-2891 DRI_Outcome denotes All male and female mice exposed to 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) in the core study died before the end of the study; the death of one female was accidental.
T17 2892-2993 DRI_Background denotes One control male, one control female, and one 1.2 mg/m(3) male also died before the end of the study.
T18 2994-3116 DRI_Outcome denotes Final mean body weights and mean body weight gains of 5 mg/m(3) males were significantly lower than those of the controls.
T19 3117-3205 DRI_Background denotes Clinical findings at day 5 included labored respiration in 10 mg/m(3) males and females.
T20 3206-3438 DRI_Background denotes The absolute lung weight of 5 mg/m(3) males, the absolute and relative lung weights of 10 mg/m(3) males and 5 mg/m(3) females, and the relative lung weight of 10 mg/m(3) females were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T21 3439-3741 DRI_Outcome denotes Inflammation of the lung occurred in 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/m(3) male and female mice, fibrosis of the lung occurred in 5 mg/m(3) males and females, and lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph nodes and atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium occurred in 1.2, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/m(3) males and females.
T22 3742-4187 DRI_Outcome denotes Nickel concentrations in the lung of exposed male and female mice were greater than those of the controls (males, 10 to 20 mg nickel/g lung; females, 8 to 20 mg/g lung) 13-WEEK STUDY IN RATS: Groups of 10 male and 10 female F344/N rats were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, or 2.5 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.11, 0.22, 0.44, 0.88, and 1.83 mg nickel/m(3)) 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 13 weeks.
T23 4188-4314 DRI_Background denotes Additional groups of 18 male and 18 female female rats were exposed to 0, 0.15, 0.6, or 2.5 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T24 4315-4371 DRI_Approach denotes All core study rats survived until the end of the study.
T25 4372-4588 DRI_Outcome denotes Final mean body weights and mean body weight gains of 2.5 mg/m(3) males were significantly lower than those of the controls; final mean body weights of all other exposure groups were similar to those of the controls.
T26 4589-4711 DRI_Background denotes Chemical-related clinical findings included labored respiration in 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females during weeks 2 through 7.
T27 4712-4849 DRI_Background denotes In general, neutrophil and erythrocyte counts, hematocrit values, and hemoglobin concentrations were minimally increased in exposed rats.
T28 4850-4961 DRI_Background denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of all exposed groups were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T29 4962-5270 DRI_Background denotes Increases in the number of alveolar macrophages, interstitial infiltrates, or incidences of chronic inflammation of the lung occurred in all groups exposed to nickel subsulfide concentrations of 0.3 mg/m(3) or greater; the severity of these lesions generally increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T30 5271-5367 DRI_Background denotes Increases in the number of alveolar macrophages were observed in 0.15 mg/m(3) males and females.
T31 5368-5489 DRI_Background denotes Lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes was observed in rats exposed to 0.3 mg/m(3) or greater.
T32 5490-5662 DRI_Outcome denotes Most 0.6, 1.2, and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females had atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium, and the severity generally increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T33 5663-5870 DRI_Outcome denotes Nickel concentrations in the lung increased with exposure concentration and were greater than those in the controls in rats exposed for 13 weeks (males, 5 to 18 mg nickel/g lung; females, 5 to 17 mg/g lung).
T34 5871-6084 DRI_Background denotes 13-WEEK STUDY IN MICE: Groups of 10 male and 10 female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, or 2.5 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 13 weeks.
T35 6085-6206 DRI_Background denotes Additional groups of six male and six female mice were exposed to 0, 0.15, 0.6, or 2.5 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T36 6207-6292 DRI_Approach denotes Final mean body weights of all exposure groups were similar to those of the controls.
T37 6293-6345 DRI_Background denotes No chemical-related clinical findings were observed.
T38 6346-6442 DRI_Approach denotes Lymphocyte counts in 1.2 and 2.5 mg/m(3) males were minimally greater than that of the controls.
T39 6443-6584 DRI_Approach denotes Hemoglobin concentrations and erythrocyte counts in 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.5 mg/m(3) females were minimally greater than those of the controls.
T40 6585-6715 DRI_Background denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of 1.2 and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T41 6716-6820 DRI_Background denotes An increase in alveolar macrophages was present in mice from the 0.3 mg/m(3) and higher exposure groups.
T42 6821-6922 DRI_Background denotes Chronic inflammation and fibrosis were observed in the lung of 1.2 and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females.
T43 6923-7021 DRI_Background denotes Interstitial infiltrates of lymphocytes were observed in mice exposed to 0.6, 1.2, or 2.5 mg/m(3).
T44 7022-7125 DRI_Background denotes Lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph nodes was observed in groups exposed to 1.2 or 2.5 mg/m(3).
T45 7126-7312 DRI_Outcome denotes Atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium occurred in 0.6, 1.2, and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females, and incidences and severity generally increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T46 7313-7553 DRI_Outcome denotes At 13 weeks, nickel concentrations in the lungs of exposed mice were greater than those of the controls (males, 3 to 17 g nickel/g lung; females, 6 to 23 mg/g lung), and these concentrations increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T47 7554-7848 DRI_Background denotes 2-YEAR STUDY IN RATS: Survival, Body Weights, Clinical Findings, and Hematology: Groups of 63 male and 63 female F344/N rats were exposed to 0, 0.15, or 1 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.11, or 0.73 mg nickel/m(3)) by inhalation for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 104 weeks.
T48 7849-7927 DRI_Background denotes Survival of exposed males and female rats was similar to that of the controls.
T49 7928-8029 DRI_Background denotes Mean body weights of males and females exposed to 0.15 mg/m(3) were similar to those of the controls.
T50 8030-8155 DRI_Approach denotes Mean body weights of rats exposed to 1 mg/m(3) were lower than those of the controls throughout the second year of the study.
T51 8156-8255 DRI_Background denotes Chemical-related clinical findings included rapid and shallow breathing following exposure periods.
T52 8256-8427 DRI_Approach denotes Hematocrit values and hemoglobin concentrations in 1 mg/m(3) males and females and the erythrocyte count in 1 mg/m(3) males were mildly greater than those in the controls.
T53 8428-8601 DRI_Background denotes Pathology Findings: In general, the absolute and relative lung weights of exposed males and females were significantly greater than those of the controls at 7 and 15 months.
T54 8602-8842 DRI_Outcome denotes There were exposure-related increases in the incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma in males, alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma in males and females, and alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma (combined) in males and females at 2 years.
T55 8843-9108 DRI_Background denotes Nonneoplastic lung lesions generally observed in exposed males and females included fibrosis; chronic active inflammation; focal alveolar epithelial hyperplasia, macrophage hyperplasia, and proteinosis; bronchial lymphoid hyperplasia; and interstitial inflammation.
T56 9109-9348 DRI_Background denotes At 2 years, there were significant exposure-related increases in the incidences of benign pheochromocytoma, malignant pheochromocytoma, and benign or malignant pheochromocytoma (combined) in males and of benign pheochromocytoma in females.
T57 9349-9679 DRI_Outcome denotes The incidence of adrenal medulla hyperplasia in 1 mg/m(3) females was significantly greater than that of the controls At 2 years, the incidences of chronic active inflammation of the nose in 1 mg/m(3) females and of olfactory epithelial atrophy in 1 mg/m(3) males and females were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T58 9680-9881 DRI_Outcome denotes The incidences of lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph node in exposed males at 7 and 15 months and in exposed males and females at 2 years were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T59 9882-10058 DRI_Outcome denotes Incidences of macrophage hyperplasia in the bronchial lymph node of exposed males at 15 months and exposed males and females at 2 years were greater than those of the controls.
T60 10059-10320 DRI_Outcome denotes Tissue Burden Analyses: Nickel concentrations in the lungs of exposed rats were greater than those of the controls at 7 months (males, 6 to 9 mg nickel/g lung; females, 6 to 9 mg/g lung) and 15 months (males, 4 to 3 mg nickel/g lung; females, 4 to 7 mg/g lung).
T61 10321-10616 DRI_Background denotes 2-YEAR STUDY IN MICE: Survival, Body Weights, Clinical Findings, and Hematology: Groups of 80 male and 80 female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to 0, 0.6, or 1.2 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.44, or 0.88 mg nickel/m(3)) by inhalation for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 105 weeks.
T62 10617-10694 DRI_Background denotes Survival of exposed male and female mice was similar to that of the controls.
T63 10695-10831 DRI_Outcome denotes Mean body weights of 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) males and females were less than those of the controls throughout the second year of the study.
T64 10832-10947 DRI_Background denotes Chemical-related clinical findings in male and female mice included labored respiration following exposure periods.
T65 10948-11111 DRI_Outcome denotes The hematocrit value and the segmented neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, and total leukocyte counts in 1.2 mg/m(3) females were greater than those in the controls.
T66 11112-11279 DRI_Background denotes Pathology Findings: Absolute and relative lung weights of exposed males and females were generally significantly greater than those of the controls at 7 and 15 months.
T67 11280-11530 DRI_Outcome denotes The incidence of alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma in 0.6 mg/m(3) females and the incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma (combined) in 0.6 mg/m(3) males and 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) females were significantly less than those of the controls.
T68 11531-11835 DRI_Background denotes In general, the incidences of chronic active inflammation; bronchialization (alveolar epithelial hyperplasia), macrophage hyperplasia and proteinosis; interstitial infiltration; and fibrosis in exposed groups of males and females were greater than those of the controls at 7 and 15 months and at 2 years.
T69 11836-11996 DRI_Outcome denotes The incidences of atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium and inflammation of the nose in exposed mice were also generally greater than those of the controls.
T70 11997-12133 DRI_Outcome denotes At 2 years, the incidences of degeneration of olfactory epithelium in exposed females were significantly less than that of the controls.
T71 12134-12391 DRI_Outcome denotes The incidences of lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph node in 1.2 mg/m(3) males at 15 months, in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) females at 15 months, and in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) males and females at 2 years were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T72 12392-12629 DRI_Outcome denotes The incidences of macrophage hyperplasia in 1.2 mg/m(3) males at 7 and 15 months, in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) females at 15 months, and in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) males and females at 2 years were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T73 12630-12899 DRI_Outcome denotes Tissue Burden Analyses: Nickel concentrations in the lungs of exposed mice were greater than those of the controls at 7 months (males, 10 to 11 mg nickel/g lung; females, 10 to 14 mg/g lung) and 15 months (males, 12 to 20 mg nickel/g lung; females, 15 to 26 mg/g lung).
T74 12900-13015 DRI_Background denotes GENETIC TOXICOLOGY: Nickel subsulfide was considered to be equivocal in the Salmonella gene mutation assay overall.
T75 13209-13391 DRI_Background denotes No increase in the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes was observed in peripheral blood samples from male or female mice exposed to nickel subsulfide by inhalation for 13 weeks.
T76 13392-13788 DRI_Background denotes CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of these 2-year inhalation studies, there was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of nickel subsulfide in male F344/N rats based on increased incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma, carcinoma, and adenoma or carcinoma (combined) and on increased incidences of benign, malignant, and benign or malignant (combined) pheochromocytoma of the adrenal medulla.
T77 13789-14080 DRI_Background denotes There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of nickel subsulfide in female F344/N rats based on increased incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma and alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma (combined) and an increased incidence of benign pheochromocytoma of the adrenal medulla.
T78 14081-14209 DRI_Background denotes There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of nickel subsulfide in male or female B6C3F1 mice exposed to 0.6 or 1.2 mg/m(3).
T79 14210-14470 DRI_Background denotes Exposure of male and female rats to nickel subsulfide by inhalation for 2 years resulted in inflammation, hyperplasia, and fibrosis in the lung; inflammation and atrophy of the olfactory epithelium in the nose; and hyperplasia in the adrenal medulla (females).
T80 14471-14702 DRI_Background denotes Exposure of male and female mice to nickel subsulfide by inhalation for 2 years resulted in inflammation, bronchialization, hyperplasia, and fibrosis in the lung and inflammation and atrophy of the olfactory epithelium in the nose.

Inflammaging

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-71 Sentence denotes NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Nickel Subsulfide (CAS No.
T2 72-134 Sentence denotes 12035-72-2) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies).
T3 135-265 Sentence denotes Nickel subsulfide is used in the manufacture of lithium batteries and is a major component in the refining of certain nickel ores.
T4 266-444 Sentence denotes Nickel subsulfide was nominated as part of a class study of nickel compounds, for which there was little information on the toxic and carcinogenic effects of inhalation exposure.
T5 445-738 Sentence denotes Male and female F334/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to nickel subsulfide (at least 97% pure; the mean value for the mass median aerodynamic diameter at each exposure concentration ranged from 2.0 to 2.2 mm by inhalation 6 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 16 days, 13 weeks, or 2 years.
T6 739-917 Sentence denotes Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhimurium, and mouse peripheral blood samples were analyzed for frequency of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes.
T7 918-939 Sentence denotes 16-DAY STUDY IN RATS:
T8 940-1235 Sentence denotes Groups of five male and five female F344/N rats were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.44, 0.88, 1.83, 3.65, and 7.33 mg nickel/m(3)) 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for a total of 12 exposure days during a 16-day period.
T9 1236-1359 Sentence denotes Additionalmgroups of three male and three female rats were exposed to 0, 0.6, 2.5, or 10 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T10 1360-1494 Sentence denotes One male exposed to 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) in the core study died on day 14; all other rats survived until the end of the study.
T11 1495-1697 Sentence denotes Final mean body weights and mean body weight gains of males exposed to 5 or 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) and females exposed to 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/m(3) were significantly lower than those of the controls.
T12 1698-1872 Sentence denotes Clinical findings of toxicity on day 5 of the study included labored respiration in 10 mg/m(3) males and 5 and 10 mg/m(3) females and dehydration in 5 and 10 mg/m(3) females.
T13 1873-2082 Sentence denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/m(3) males and all exposed groups of females were significantlymgreater than those of the controls, as was the absolute lung weight of 1.2 mg/m(3) males.
T14 2083-2186 Sentence denotes Inflammation of the lung and atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium occurred in all exposed mgroups.
T15 2187-2355 Sentence denotes The concentrations of nickel in the lungs of exposedmgroups of rats increased with exposure concentration (males, 7 to 67 mg nickel/g lung; females, 9 to 77 mg/g lung).
T16 2356-2377 Sentence denotes 16-DAY STUDY IN MICE:
T17 2378-2610 Sentence denotes Groups of five male and five female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for a total of 12 exposure days during a 16-day period.
T18 2611-2734 Sentence denotes Additional groups of three male and three female mice were exposed to 0, 0.6, 2.5, or 10 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T19 2735-2891 Sentence denotes All male and female mice exposed to 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) in the core study died before the end of the study; the death of one female was accidental.
T20 2892-2993 Sentence denotes One control male, one control female, and one 1.2 mg/m(3) male also died before the end of the study.
T21 2994-3116 Sentence denotes Final mean body weights and mean body weight gains of 5 mg/m(3) males were significantly lower than those of the controls.
T22 3117-3205 Sentence denotes Clinical findings at day 5 included labored respiration in 10 mg/m(3) males and females.
T23 3206-3438 Sentence denotes The absolute lung weight of 5 mg/m(3) males, the absolute and relative lung weights of 10 mg/m(3) males and 5 mg/m(3) females, and the relative lung weight of 10 mg/m(3) females were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T24 3439-3741 Sentence denotes Inflammation of the lung occurred in 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/m(3) male and female mice, fibrosis of the lung occurred in 5 mg/m(3) males and females, and lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph nodes and atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium occurred in 1.2, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/m(3) males and females.
T25 3742-3933 Sentence denotes Nickel concentrations in the lung of exposed male and female mice were greater than those of the controls (males, 10 to 20 mg nickel/g lung; females, 8 to 20 mg/g lung) 13-WEEK STUDY IN RATS:
T26 3934-4187 Sentence denotes Groups of 10 male and 10 female F344/N rats were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, or 2.5 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.11, 0.22, 0.44, 0.88, and 1.83 mg nickel/m(3)) 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 13 weeks.
T27 4188-4314 Sentence denotes Additional groups of 18 male and 18 female female rats were exposed to 0, 0.15, 0.6, or 2.5 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T28 4315-4371 Sentence denotes All core study rats survived until the end of the study.
T29 4372-4588 Sentence denotes Final mean body weights and mean body weight gains of 2.5 mg/m(3) males were significantly lower than those of the controls; final mean body weights of all other exposure groups were similar to those of the controls.
T30 4589-4711 Sentence denotes Chemical-related clinical findings included labored respiration in 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females during weeks 2 through 7.
T31 4712-4849 Sentence denotes In general, neutrophil and erythrocyte counts, hematocrit values, and hemoglobin concentrations were minimally increased in exposed rats.
T32 4850-4961 Sentence denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of all exposed groups were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T33 4962-5270 Sentence denotes Increases in the number of alveolar macrophages, interstitial infiltrates, or incidences of chronic inflammation of the lung occurred in all groups exposed to nickel subsulfide concentrations of 0.3 mg/m(3) or greater; the severity of these lesions generally increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T34 5271-5367 Sentence denotes Increases in the number of alveolar macrophages were observed in 0.15 mg/m(3) males and females.
T35 5368-5489 Sentence denotes Lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes was observed in rats exposed to 0.3 mg/m(3) or greater.
T36 5490-5662 Sentence denotes Most 0.6, 1.2, and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females had atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium, and the severity generally increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T37 5663-5870 Sentence denotes Nickel concentrations in the lung increased with exposure concentration and were greater than those in the controls in rats exposed for 13 weeks (males, 5 to 18 mg nickel/g lung; females, 5 to 17 mg/g lung).
T38 5871-5893 Sentence denotes 13-WEEK STUDY IN MICE:
T39 5894-6084 Sentence denotes Groups of 10 male and 10 female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, or 2.5 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 13 weeks.
T40 6085-6206 Sentence denotes Additional groups of six male and six female mice were exposed to 0, 0.15, 0.6, or 2.5 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T41 6207-6292 Sentence denotes Final mean body weights of all exposure groups were similar to those of the controls.
T42 6293-6345 Sentence denotes No chemical-related clinical findings were observed.
T43 6346-6442 Sentence denotes Lymphocyte counts in 1.2 and 2.5 mg/m(3) males were minimally greater than that of the controls.
T44 6443-6584 Sentence denotes Hemoglobin concentrations and erythrocyte counts in 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.5 mg/m(3) females were minimally greater than those of the controls.
T45 6585-6715 Sentence denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of 1.2 and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T46 6716-6820 Sentence denotes An increase in alveolar macrophages was present in mice from the 0.3 mg/m(3) and higher exposure groups.
T47 6821-6922 Sentence denotes Chronic inflammation and fibrosis were observed in the lung of 1.2 and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females.
T48 6923-7021 Sentence denotes Interstitial infiltrates of lymphocytes were observed in mice exposed to 0.6, 1.2, or 2.5 mg/m(3).
T49 7022-7125 Sentence denotes Lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph nodes was observed in groups exposed to 1.2 or 2.5 mg/m(3).
T50 7126-7312 Sentence denotes Atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium occurred in 0.6, 1.2, and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females, and incidences and severity generally increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T51 7313-7553 Sentence denotes At 13 weeks, nickel concentrations in the lungs of exposed mice were greater than those of the controls (males, 3 to 17 g nickel/g lung; females, 6 to 23 mg/g lung), and these concentrations increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T52 7554-7575 Sentence denotes 2-YEAR STUDY IN RATS:
T53 7576-7634 Sentence denotes Survival, Body Weights, Clinical Findings, and Hematology:
T54 7635-7848 Sentence denotes Groups of 63 male and 63 female F344/N rats were exposed to 0, 0.15, or 1 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.11, or 0.73 mg nickel/m(3)) by inhalation for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 104 weeks.
T55 7849-7927 Sentence denotes Survival of exposed males and female rats was similar to that of the controls.
T56 7928-8029 Sentence denotes Mean body weights of males and females exposed to 0.15 mg/m(3) were similar to those of the controls.
T57 8030-8155 Sentence denotes Mean body weights of rats exposed to 1 mg/m(3) were lower than those of the controls throughout the second year of the study.
T58 8156-8255 Sentence denotes Chemical-related clinical findings included rapid and shallow breathing following exposure periods.
T59 8256-8427 Sentence denotes Hematocrit values and hemoglobin concentrations in 1 mg/m(3) males and females and the erythrocyte count in 1 mg/m(3) males were mildly greater than those in the controls.
T60 8428-8447 Sentence denotes Pathology Findings:
T61 8448-8601 Sentence denotes In general, the absolute and relative lung weights of exposed males and females were significantly greater than those of the controls at 7 and 15 months.
T62 8602-8842 Sentence denotes There were exposure-related increases in the incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma in males, alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma in males and females, and alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma (combined) in males and females at 2 years.
T63 8843-9108 Sentence denotes Nonneoplastic lung lesions generally observed in exposed males and females included fibrosis; chronic active inflammation; focal alveolar epithelial hyperplasia, macrophage hyperplasia, and proteinosis; bronchial lymphoid hyperplasia; and interstitial inflammation.
T64 9109-9348 Sentence denotes At 2 years, there were significant exposure-related increases in the incidences of benign pheochromocytoma, malignant pheochromocytoma, and benign or malignant pheochromocytoma (combined) in males and of benign pheochromocytoma in females.
T65 9349-9679 Sentence denotes The incidence of adrenal medulla hyperplasia in 1 mg/m(3) females was significantly greater than that of the controls At 2 years, the incidences of chronic active inflammation of the nose in 1 mg/m(3) females and of olfactory epithelial atrophy in 1 mg/m(3) males and females were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T66 9680-9881 Sentence denotes The incidences of lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph node in exposed males at 7 and 15 months and in exposed males and females at 2 years were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T67 9882-10058 Sentence denotes Incidences of macrophage hyperplasia in the bronchial lymph node of exposed males at 15 months and exposed males and females at 2 years were greater than those of the controls.
T68 10059-10082 Sentence denotes Tissue Burden Analyses:
T69 10083-10320 Sentence denotes Nickel concentrations in the lungs of exposed rats were greater than those of the controls at 7 months (males, 6 to 9 mg nickel/g lung; females, 6 to 9 mg/g lung) and 15 months (males, 4 to 3 mg nickel/g lung; females, 4 to 7 mg/g lung).
T70 10321-10342 Sentence denotes 2-YEAR STUDY IN MICE:
T71 10343-10401 Sentence denotes Survival, Body Weights, Clinical Findings, and Hematology:
T72 10402-10616 Sentence denotes Groups of 80 male and 80 female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to 0, 0.6, or 1.2 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.44, or 0.88 mg nickel/m(3)) by inhalation for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 105 weeks.
T73 10617-10694 Sentence denotes Survival of exposed male and female mice was similar to that of the controls.
T74 10695-10831 Sentence denotes Mean body weights of 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) males and females were less than those of the controls throughout the second year of the study.
T75 10832-10947 Sentence denotes Chemical-related clinical findings in male and female mice included labored respiration following exposure periods.
T76 10948-11111 Sentence denotes The hematocrit value and the segmented neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, and total leukocyte counts in 1.2 mg/m(3) females were greater than those in the controls.
T77 11112-11131 Sentence denotes Pathology Findings:
T78 11132-11279 Sentence denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of exposed males and females were generally significantly greater than those of the controls at 7 and 15 months.
T79 11280-11530 Sentence denotes The incidence of alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma in 0.6 mg/m(3) females and the incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma (combined) in 0.6 mg/m(3) males and 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) females were significantly less than those of the controls.
T80 11531-11835 Sentence denotes In general, the incidences of chronic active inflammation; bronchialization (alveolar epithelial hyperplasia), macrophage hyperplasia and proteinosis; interstitial infiltration; and fibrosis in exposed groups of males and females were greater than those of the controls at 7 and 15 months and at 2 years.
T81 11836-11996 Sentence denotes The incidences of atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium and inflammation of the nose in exposed mice were also generally greater than those of the controls.
T82 11997-12133 Sentence denotes At 2 years, the incidences of degeneration of olfactory epithelium in exposed females were significantly less than that of the controls.
T83 12134-12391 Sentence denotes The incidences of lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph node in 1.2 mg/m(3) males at 15 months, in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) females at 15 months, and in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) males and females at 2 years were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T84 12392-12629 Sentence denotes The incidences of macrophage hyperplasia in 1.2 mg/m(3) males at 7 and 15 months, in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) females at 15 months, and in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) males and females at 2 years were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T85 12630-12653 Sentence denotes Tissue Burden Analyses:
T86 12654-12899 Sentence denotes Nickel concentrations in the lungs of exposed mice were greater than those of the controls at 7 months (males, 10 to 11 mg nickel/g lung; females, 10 to 14 mg/g lung) and 15 months (males, 12 to 20 mg nickel/g lung; females, 15 to 26 mg/g lung).
T87 12900-12919 Sentence denotes GENETIC TOXICOLOGY:
T88 12920-13015 Sentence denotes Nickel subsulfide was considered to be equivocal in the Salmonella gene mutation assay overall.
T89 13016-13208 Sentence denotes Sporadic weakly positive and equivocal responses were obtained in strain TA100 with and without S9 metabolic activation enzymes; all other strain/activation combinations gave negative results.
T90 13209-13391 Sentence denotes No increase in the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes was observed in peripheral blood samples from male or female mice exposed to nickel subsulfide by inhalation for 13 weeks.
T91 13392-13404 Sentence denotes CONCLUSIONS:
T92 13405-13788 Sentence denotes Under the conditions of these 2-year inhalation studies, there was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of nickel subsulfide in male F344/N rats based on increased incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma, carcinoma, and adenoma or carcinoma (combined) and on increased incidences of benign, malignant, and benign or malignant (combined) pheochromocytoma of the adrenal medulla.
T93 13789-14080 Sentence denotes There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of nickel subsulfide in female F344/N rats based on increased incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma and alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma (combined) and an increased incidence of benign pheochromocytoma of the adrenal medulla.
T94 14081-14209 Sentence denotes There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of nickel subsulfide in male or female B6C3F1 mice exposed to 0.6 or 1.2 mg/m(3).
T95 14210-14470 Sentence denotes Exposure of male and female rats to nickel subsulfide by inhalation for 2 years resulted in inflammation, hyperplasia, and fibrosis in the lung; inflammation and atrophy of the olfactory epithelium in the nose; and hyperplasia in the adrenal medulla (females).
T96 14471-14702 Sentence denotes Exposure of male and female mice to nickel subsulfide by inhalation for 2 years resulted in inflammation, bronchialization, hyperplasia, and fibrosis in the lung and inflammation and atrophy of the olfactory epithelium in the nose.
T97 14703-14712 Sentence denotes Synonyms:
T98 14713-14866 Sentence denotes Heazlewoodite, nickel subsulphide, nickel sulfide (3:2), a-nickel sulfide (3:2) crystalline, nickel sulphide, nickel tritadisulphide, trinickel disulfide
T1 0-71 Sentence denotes NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Nickel Subsulfide (CAS No.
T2 72-134 Sentence denotes 12035-72-2) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies).
T3 135-265 Sentence denotes Nickel subsulfide is used in the manufacture of lithium batteries and is a major component in the refining of certain nickel ores.
T4 266-444 Sentence denotes Nickel subsulfide was nominated as part of a class study of nickel compounds, for which there was little information on the toxic and carcinogenic effects of inhalation exposure.
T5 445-738 Sentence denotes Male and female F334/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to nickel subsulfide (at least 97% pure; the mean value for the mass median aerodynamic diameter at each exposure concentration ranged from 2.0 to 2.2 mm by inhalation 6 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 16 days, 13 weeks, or 2 years.
T6 739-917 Sentence denotes Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhimurium, and mouse peripheral blood samples were analyzed for frequency of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes.
T7 918-939 Sentence denotes 16-DAY STUDY IN RATS:
T8 940-1235 Sentence denotes Groups of five male and five female F344/N rats were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.44, 0.88, 1.83, 3.65, and 7.33 mg nickel/m(3)) 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for a total of 12 exposure days during a 16-day period.
T9 1236-1359 Sentence denotes Additionalmgroups of three male and three female rats were exposed to 0, 0.6, 2.5, or 10 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T10 1360-1494 Sentence denotes One male exposed to 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) in the core study died on day 14; all other rats survived until the end of the study.
T11 1495-1697 Sentence denotes Final mean body weights and mean body weight gains of males exposed to 5 or 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) and females exposed to 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/m(3) were significantly lower than those of the controls.
T12 1698-1872 Sentence denotes Clinical findings of toxicity on day 5 of the study included labored respiration in 10 mg/m(3) males and 5 and 10 mg/m(3) females and dehydration in 5 and 10 mg/m(3) females.
T13 1873-2082 Sentence denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/m(3) males and all exposed groups of females were significantlymgreater than those of the controls, as was the absolute lung weight of 1.2 mg/m(3) males.
T14 2083-2186 Sentence denotes Inflammation of the lung and atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium occurred in all exposed mgroups.
T15 2187-2355 Sentence denotes The concentrations of nickel in the lungs of exposedmgroups of rats increased with exposure concentration (males, 7 to 67 mg nickel/g lung; females, 9 to 77 mg/g lung).
T16 2356-2377 Sentence denotes 16-DAY STUDY IN MICE:
T17 2378-2610 Sentence denotes Groups of five male and five female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for a total of 12 exposure days during a 16-day period.
T18 2611-2734 Sentence denotes Additional groups of three male and three female mice were exposed to 0, 0.6, 2.5, or 10 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T19 2735-2891 Sentence denotes All male and female mice exposed to 10 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) in the core study died before the end of the study; the death of one female was accidental.
T20 2892-2993 Sentence denotes One control male, one control female, and one 1.2 mg/m(3) male also died before the end of the study.
T21 2994-3116 Sentence denotes Final mean body weights and mean body weight gains of 5 mg/m(3) males were significantly lower than those of the controls.
T22 3117-3205 Sentence denotes Clinical findings at day 5 included labored respiration in 10 mg/m(3) males and females.
T23 3206-3438 Sentence denotes The absolute lung weight of 5 mg/m(3) males, the absolute and relative lung weights of 10 mg/m(3) males and 5 mg/m(3) females, and the relative lung weight of 10 mg/m(3) females were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T24 3439-3741 Sentence denotes Inflammation of the lung occurred in 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/m(3) male and female mice, fibrosis of the lung occurred in 5 mg/m(3) males and females, and lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph nodes and atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium occurred in 1.2, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/m(3) males and females.
T25 3742-3933 Sentence denotes Nickel concentrations in the lung of exposed male and female mice were greater than those of the controls (males, 10 to 20 mg nickel/g lung; females, 8 to 20 mg/g lung) 13-WEEK STUDY IN RATS:
T26 3934-4187 Sentence denotes Groups of 10 male and 10 female F344/N rats were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, or 2.5 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.11, 0.22, 0.44, 0.88, and 1.83 mg nickel/m(3)) 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 13 weeks.
T27 4188-4314 Sentence denotes Additional groups of 18 male and 18 female female rats were exposed to 0, 0.15, 0.6, or 2.5 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T28 4315-4371 Sentence denotes All core study rats survived until the end of the study.
T29 4372-4588 Sentence denotes Final mean body weights and mean body weight gains of 2.5 mg/m(3) males were significantly lower than those of the controls; final mean body weights of all other exposure groups were similar to those of the controls.
T30 4589-4711 Sentence denotes Chemical-related clinical findings included labored respiration in 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females during weeks 2 through 7.
T31 4712-4849 Sentence denotes In general, neutrophil and erythrocyte counts, hematocrit values, and hemoglobin concentrations were minimally increased in exposed rats.
T32 4850-4961 Sentence denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of all exposed groups were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T33 4962-5270 Sentence denotes Increases in the number of alveolar macrophages, interstitial infiltrates, or incidences of chronic inflammation of the lung occurred in all groups exposed to nickel subsulfide concentrations of 0.3 mg/m(3) or greater; the severity of these lesions generally increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T34 5271-5367 Sentence denotes Increases in the number of alveolar macrophages were observed in 0.15 mg/m(3) males and females.
T35 5368-5489 Sentence denotes Lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes was observed in rats exposed to 0.3 mg/m(3) or greater.
T36 5490-5662 Sentence denotes Most 0.6, 1.2, and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females had atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium, and the severity generally increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T37 5663-5870 Sentence denotes Nickel concentrations in the lung increased with exposure concentration and were greater than those in the controls in rats exposed for 13 weeks (males, 5 to 18 mg nickel/g lung; females, 5 to 17 mg/g lung).
T38 5871-5893 Sentence denotes 13-WEEK STUDY IN MICE:
T39 5894-6084 Sentence denotes Groups of 10 male and 10 female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to atmospheres containing 0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, or 2.5 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 13 weeks.
T40 6085-6206 Sentence denotes Additional groups of six male and six female mice were exposed to 0, 0.15, 0.6, or 2.5 mg/m(3) for tissue burden studies.
T41 6207-6292 Sentence denotes Final mean body weights of all exposure groups were similar to those of the controls.
T42 6293-6345 Sentence denotes No chemical-related clinical findings were observed.
T43 6346-6442 Sentence denotes Lymphocyte counts in 1.2 and 2.5 mg/m(3) males were minimally greater than that of the controls.
T44 6443-6584 Sentence denotes Hemoglobin concentrations and erythrocyte counts in 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.5 mg/m(3) females were minimally greater than those of the controls.
T45 6585-6715 Sentence denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of 1.2 and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T46 6716-6820 Sentence denotes An increase in alveolar macrophages was present in mice from the 0.3 mg/m(3) and higher exposure groups.
T47 6821-6922 Sentence denotes Chronic inflammation and fibrosis were observed in the lung of 1.2 and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females.
T48 6923-7021 Sentence denotes Interstitial infiltrates of lymphocytes were observed in mice exposed to 0.6, 1.2, or 2.5 mg/m(3).
T49 7022-7125 Sentence denotes Lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph nodes was observed in groups exposed to 1.2 or 2.5 mg/m(3).
T50 7126-7312 Sentence denotes Atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium occurred in 0.6, 1.2, and 2.5 mg/m(3) males and females, and incidences and severity generally increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T51 7313-7553 Sentence denotes At 13 weeks, nickel concentrations in the lungs of exposed mice were greater than those of the controls (males, 3 to 17 g nickel/g lung; females, 6 to 23 mg/g lung), and these concentrations increased with increasing exposure concentration.
T52 7554-7575 Sentence denotes 2-YEAR STUDY IN RATS:
T53 7576-7634 Sentence denotes Survival, Body Weights, Clinical Findings, and Hematology:
T54 7635-7848 Sentence denotes Groups of 63 male and 63 female F344/N rats were exposed to 0, 0.15, or 1 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.11, or 0.73 mg nickel/m(3)) by inhalation for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 104 weeks.
T55 7849-7927 Sentence denotes Survival of exposed males and female rats was similar to that of the controls.
T56 7928-8029 Sentence denotes Mean body weights of males and females exposed to 0.15 mg/m(3) were similar to those of the controls.
T57 8030-8155 Sentence denotes Mean body weights of rats exposed to 1 mg/m(3) were lower than those of the controls throughout the second year of the study.
T58 8156-8255 Sentence denotes Chemical-related clinical findings included rapid and shallow breathing following exposure periods.
T59 8256-8427 Sentence denotes Hematocrit values and hemoglobin concentrations in 1 mg/m(3) males and females and the erythrocyte count in 1 mg/m(3) males were mildly greater than those in the controls.
T60 8428-8447 Sentence denotes Pathology Findings:
T61 8448-8601 Sentence denotes In general, the absolute and relative lung weights of exposed males and females were significantly greater than those of the controls at 7 and 15 months.
T62 8602-8842 Sentence denotes There were exposure-related increases in the incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma in males, alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma in males and females, and alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma (combined) in males and females at 2 years.
T63 8843-9108 Sentence denotes Nonneoplastic lung lesions generally observed in exposed males and females included fibrosis; chronic active inflammation; focal alveolar epithelial hyperplasia, macrophage hyperplasia, and proteinosis; bronchial lymphoid hyperplasia; and interstitial inflammation.
T64 9109-9348 Sentence denotes At 2 years, there were significant exposure-related increases in the incidences of benign pheochromocytoma, malignant pheochromocytoma, and benign or malignant pheochromocytoma (combined) in males and of benign pheochromocytoma in females.
T65 9349-9679 Sentence denotes The incidence of adrenal medulla hyperplasia in 1 mg/m(3) females was significantly greater than that of the controls At 2 years, the incidences of chronic active inflammation of the nose in 1 mg/m(3) females and of olfactory epithelial atrophy in 1 mg/m(3) males and females were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T66 9680-9881 Sentence denotes The incidences of lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph node in exposed males at 7 and 15 months and in exposed males and females at 2 years were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T67 9882-10058 Sentence denotes Incidences of macrophage hyperplasia in the bronchial lymph node of exposed males at 15 months and exposed males and females at 2 years were greater than those of the controls.
T68 10059-10082 Sentence denotes Tissue Burden Analyses:
T69 10083-10320 Sentence denotes Nickel concentrations in the lungs of exposed rats were greater than those of the controls at 7 months (males, 6 to 9 mg nickel/g lung; females, 6 to 9 mg/g lung) and 15 months (males, 4 to 3 mg nickel/g lung; females, 4 to 7 mg/g lung).
T70 10321-10342 Sentence denotes 2-YEAR STUDY IN MICE:
T71 10343-10401 Sentence denotes Survival, Body Weights, Clinical Findings, and Hematology:
T72 10402-10616 Sentence denotes Groups of 80 male and 80 female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to 0, 0.6, or 1.2 mg nickel subsulfide/m(3) (equivalent to 0, 0.44, or 0.88 mg nickel/m(3)) by inhalation for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 105 weeks.
T73 10617-10694 Sentence denotes Survival of exposed male and female mice was similar to that of the controls.
T74 10695-10831 Sentence denotes Mean body weights of 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) males and females were less than those of the controls throughout the second year of the study.
T75 10832-10947 Sentence denotes Chemical-related clinical findings in male and female mice included labored respiration following exposure periods.
T76 10948-11111 Sentence denotes The hematocrit value and the segmented neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, and total leukocyte counts in 1.2 mg/m(3) females were greater than those in the controls.
T77 11112-11131 Sentence denotes Pathology Findings:
T78 11132-11279 Sentence denotes Absolute and relative lung weights of exposed males and females were generally significantly greater than those of the controls at 7 and 15 months.
T79 11280-11530 Sentence denotes The incidence of alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma in 0.6 mg/m(3) females and the incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma (combined) in 0.6 mg/m(3) males and 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) females were significantly less than those of the controls.
T80 11531-11835 Sentence denotes In general, the incidences of chronic active inflammation; bronchialization (alveolar epithelial hyperplasia), macrophage hyperplasia and proteinosis; interstitial infiltration; and fibrosis in exposed groups of males and females were greater than those of the controls at 7 and 15 months and at 2 years.
T81 11836-11996 Sentence denotes The incidences of atrophy of the nasal olfactory epithelium and inflammation of the nose in exposed mice were also generally greater than those of the controls.
T82 11997-12133 Sentence denotes At 2 years, the incidences of degeneration of olfactory epithelium in exposed females were significantly less than that of the controls.
T83 12134-12391 Sentence denotes The incidences of lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchial lymph node in 1.2 mg/m(3) males at 15 months, in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) females at 15 months, and in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) males and females at 2 years were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T84 12392-12629 Sentence denotes The incidences of macrophage hyperplasia in 1.2 mg/m(3) males at 7 and 15 months, in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) females at 15 months, and in 0.6 and 1.2 mg/m(3) males and females at 2 years were significantly greater than those of the controls.
T85 12630-12653 Sentence denotes Tissue Burden Analyses:
T86 12654-12899 Sentence denotes Nickel concentrations in the lungs of exposed mice were greater than those of the controls at 7 months (males, 10 to 11 mg nickel/g lung; females, 10 to 14 mg/g lung) and 15 months (males, 12 to 20 mg nickel/g lung; females, 15 to 26 mg/g lung).
T87 12900-12919 Sentence denotes GENETIC TOXICOLOGY:
T88 12920-13015 Sentence denotes Nickel subsulfide was considered to be equivocal in the Salmonella gene mutation assay overall.
T89 13016-13208 Sentence denotes Sporadic weakly positive and equivocal responses were obtained in strain TA100 with and without S9 metabolic activation enzymes; all other strain/activation combinations gave negative results.
T90 13209-13391 Sentence denotes No increase in the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes was observed in peripheral blood samples from male or female mice exposed to nickel subsulfide by inhalation for 13 weeks.
T91 13392-13404 Sentence denotes CONCLUSIONS:
T92 13405-13788 Sentence denotes Under the conditions of these 2-year inhalation studies, there was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of nickel subsulfide in male F344/N rats based on increased incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma, carcinoma, and adenoma or carcinoma (combined) and on increased incidences of benign, malignant, and benign or malignant (combined) pheochromocytoma of the adrenal medulla.
T93 13789-14080 Sentence denotes There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of nickel subsulfide in female F344/N rats based on increased incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma and alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma or carcinoma (combined) and an increased incidence of benign pheochromocytoma of the adrenal medulla.
T94 14081-14209 Sentence denotes There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of nickel subsulfide in male or female B6C3F1 mice exposed to 0.6 or 1.2 mg/m(3).
T95 14210-14470 Sentence denotes Exposure of male and female rats to nickel subsulfide by inhalation for 2 years resulted in inflammation, hyperplasia, and fibrosis in the lung; inflammation and atrophy of the olfactory epithelium in the nose; and hyperplasia in the adrenal medulla (females).
T96 14471-14702 Sentence denotes Exposure of male and female mice to nickel subsulfide by inhalation for 2 years resulted in inflammation, bronchialization, hyperplasia, and fibrosis in the lung and inflammation and atrophy of the olfactory epithelium in the nose.
T97 14703-14712 Sentence denotes Synonyms:
T98 14713-14866 Sentence denotes Heazlewoodite, nickel subsulphide, nickel sulfide (3:2), a-nickel sulfide (3:2) crystalline, nickel sulphide, nickel tritadisulphide, trinickel disulfide