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DisGeNET

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T0 40-45 gene:55065 denotes PAR-2
T1 127-142 disease:C0001418 denotes adenocarcinomas
T2 40-45 gene:2150 denotes PAR-2
T3 127-142 disease:C0001418 denotes adenocarcinomas
T4 40-45 gene:8856 denotes PAR-2
T5 127-142 disease:C0001418 denotes adenocarcinomas
R1 T0 T1 associated_with PAR-2,adenocarcinomas
R2 T2 T3 associated_with PAR-2,adenocarcinomas
R3 T4 T5 associated_with PAR-2,adenocarcinomas

DisGeNET5_gene_disease

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
12548614-0#40#45#gene2150 40-45 gene2150 denotes PAR-2
12548614-0#40#45#gene8856 40-45 gene8856 denotes PAR-2
12548614-0#40#45#gene55065 40-45 gene55065 denotes PAR-2
12548614-0#127#142#diseaseC0001418 127-142 diseaseC0001418 denotes adenocarcinomas
40#45#gene2150127#142#diseaseC0001418 12548614-0#40#45#gene2150 12548614-0#127#142#diseaseC0001418 associated_with PAR-2,adenocarcinomas
40#45#gene8856127#142#diseaseC0001418 12548614-0#40#45#gene8856 12548614-0#127#142#diseaseC0001418 associated_with PAR-2,adenocarcinomas
40#45#gene55065127#142#diseaseC0001418 12548614-0#40#45#gene55065 12548614-0#127#142#diseaseC0001418 associated_with PAR-2,adenocarcinomas

PubMed_Structured_Abstracts

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 156-288 BACKGROUND denotes Cell growth can be induced via elicitation of protease-activated receptors (PAR) with serine proteases such as thrombin and trypsin.
T2 298-580 METHODS denotes To understand whether PAR are involved in tumor vessel formation in the neoplastic cell-bearing alveolar walls, immunohistochemical and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analyses were performed using the lung tissues from 16 patients with primary lung adenocarcinomas.
T3 590-1649 RESULTS denotes In microdissected tumor alveolar walls, the expressions of PAR-1 and PAR-2 mRNA were increased by 10-fold (P < 0.05) and 16-fold (P < 0.01), respectively, as compared with normal alveolar walls. Confocal microscopy revealed that tumor capillary endothelial cells in alveolar walls lost thrombomodulin expression. Instead, the expression of PAR-2 often became obvious at the normal border. Both PAR-1 and PAR-2 were expressed in the microvessel endothelial cells in tumors. Trypsin mRNA was expressed in 7 of the 16 cancer cell-bearing tissue specimens in contrast to 1 of the 14 normal alveolar walls. Immunohistochemically, trypsin was positive in the neoplastic cells from 10 patients and in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549, HLC-1, LC-2, and PC-14). An in vitro assay showed a significant increase in idoxuridine (IdU) or bromodeoxyuridine uptake in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells and human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells after treatments with alpha-thrombin or activating peptides; SFLLRN for PAR-1 and SLIGKV for PAR-2, respectively.
T4 1663-1937 CONCLUSIONS denotes Thus, proliferation of alveolar capillary endothelial cells is initialized in part by PAR activation with serum thrombin and neoplastic cell-released trypsin. These results suggest a synergistic effect of PAR with vascular endothelial growth factor in alveolar angiogenesis.