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PubmedHPO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 262-283 HP_0003774 denotes chronic renal failure
T2 270-283 HP_0000083 denotes renal failure
T3 1339-1345 HP_0001903 denotes anemia
T4 1677-1683 HP_0002664 denotes cancer
T5 2640-2651 HP_0001901 denotes erythrocyte
T6 3118-3124 HP_0001903 denotes anemia

FSU-PRGE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-14 protein denotes Erythropoietin
T2 175-189 protein denotes erythropoietin
T3 191-197 protein denotes rHuEPO
T4 312-318 protein denotes rHuEPO
T5 372-375 protein denotes EPO
T6 437-445 protein denotes ferritin
T7 450-461 protein denotes transferrin
T8 647-653 protein denotes rHuEPO
T9 830-836 protein denotes rHuEPO
T10 991-997 protein denotes rHuEPO
T11 1072-1078 protein denotes rHuEPO
T12 1247-1253 protein denotes rHuEPO
T13 1445-1451 protein denotes rHuEPO
T14 1932-1940 protein denotes ferritin
T15 2458-2466 protein denotes ferritin
T16 2559-2570 protein denotes transferrin
T17 2735-2741 protein denotes rHuEPO

Inflammaging

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-73 Sentence denotes Erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness: from iron deficiency to iron overload.
T2 74-199 Sentence denotes Iron deficiency is the most frequently encountered cause of suboptimal response to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO).
T3 200-327 Sentence denotes Carefully assessing iron status is of paramount importance in chronic renal failure patients prior to or during rHuEPO therapy.
T4 328-545 Sentence denotes Because there is great need for iron in the EPO-stimulated erythroid progenitors, it is essential that serum ferritin and transferrin saturation levels should be maintained over 300 microg/liter and 30%, respectively.
T5 546-674 Sentence denotes Investigators have shown that oral iron is unlikely to keep pace with the iron demand for an optimal rHuEPO response in uremics.
T6 675-761 Sentence denotes Therefore, patients with iron deficiency will always require intravenous iron therapy.
T7 762-857 Sentence denotes The early and prompt iron supplementation can lead to reductions in rHuEPO dose and hence cost.
T8 858-1014 Sentence denotes After the iron deficiency has been corrected or excluded, we must remember all of the possible causes of hyporesponsiveness in every rHuEPO-treated patient.
T9 1015-1110 Sentence denotes As dose requirements vary, it is not clear which dose of rHuEPO causes this hyporesponsiveness.
T10 1111-1277 Sentence denotes However, if the patient with iron repletion does not respond well after the induction period, the major causes blunting the response to rHuEPO should be investigated.
T11 1278-1457 Sentence denotes Most factors are reversible and remediable, except resistant anemia associated with hemoglobinopathy or bone marrow fibrosis, which requires a further increase in the rHuEPO dose.
T12 1458-1585 Sentence denotes By means of early detection and correction of the possible causes, the goal of increasing therapeutic efficacy can be achieved.
T13 1586-1684 Sentence denotes Iron overload may lead to an enhanced risk for infection, cardiovascular complication, and cancer.
T14 1685-1857 Sentence denotes Over-treatment with iron should be avoided in dialysis patients, despite the fact that the safe upper limit of serum ferritin to avoid iron overload is not clearly defined.
T15 1858-1962 Sentence denotes On the other hand, functional iron deficiency may develop even when serum ferritin levels are increased.
T16 1963-2095 Sentence denotes Controversy remains as to whether intravenous iron therapy can overcome this form of hyporesponsiveness in iron-overloaded patients.
T17 2096-2244 Sentence denotes Moreover, a treatment option of iron supplementation is not warranted in these patients, as the potential hazards of iron overload will be worsened.
T18 2245-2504 Sentence denotes We demonstrated that the mean hematocrit significantly increased from 25.1+/-0.9% to 31+/-1.2% after eight weeks of intravenous ascorbate therapy (300 mg three times a week) in 12 hemodialysis patients with serum ferritin levels of more than 500 microg/liter.
T19 2505-2819 Sentence denotes The enhanced erythropoiesis paralleled with a rise in transferrin saturation (27.8+/-2.5% vs. 44.8+/-9.5%, P < 0.05) and reductions in erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin (130+/-32 vs. 72+/-19 micromol/mol heme, P < 0.05) and monthly rHuEPO dose (24.2+/-4.5 vs. 16.8+/-3.4 x 10(3) units, P < 0.05) at the end of study.
T20 2820-3023 Sentence denotes It is speculated that ascorbate supplementation not only facilitates the iron release from storage sites and its delivery to hematopoietic tissues, but also increases iron utilization in erythroid cells.
T21 3024-3223 Sentence denotes Our study provides a more complete understanding of the pathogenesis of iron overload-related anemia and the development of an adjuvant therapy, intravenous ascorbic acid, to the existing treatments.
T1 0-73 Sentence denotes Erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness: from iron deficiency to iron overload.
T2 74-199 Sentence denotes Iron deficiency is the most frequently encountered cause of suboptimal response to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO).
T3 200-327 Sentence denotes Carefully assessing iron status is of paramount importance in chronic renal failure patients prior to or during rHuEPO therapy.
T4 328-545 Sentence denotes Because there is great need for iron in the EPO-stimulated erythroid progenitors, it is essential that serum ferritin and transferrin saturation levels should be maintained over 300 microg/liter and 30%, respectively.
T5 546-674 Sentence denotes Investigators have shown that oral iron is unlikely to keep pace with the iron demand for an optimal rHuEPO response in uremics.
T6 675-761 Sentence denotes Therefore, patients with iron deficiency will always require intravenous iron therapy.
T7 762-857 Sentence denotes The early and prompt iron supplementation can lead to reductions in rHuEPO dose and hence cost.
T8 858-1014 Sentence denotes After the iron deficiency has been corrected or excluded, we must remember all of the possible causes of hyporesponsiveness in every rHuEPO-treated patient.
T9 1015-1110 Sentence denotes As dose requirements vary, it is not clear which dose of rHuEPO causes this hyporesponsiveness.
T10 1111-1277 Sentence denotes However, if the patient with iron repletion does not respond well after the induction period, the major causes blunting the response to rHuEPO should be investigated.
T11 1278-1457 Sentence denotes Most factors are reversible and remediable, except resistant anemia associated with hemoglobinopathy or bone marrow fibrosis, which requires a further increase in the rHuEPO dose.
T12 1458-1585 Sentence denotes By means of early detection and correction of the possible causes, the goal of increasing therapeutic efficacy can be achieved.
T13 1586-1684 Sentence denotes Iron overload may lead to an enhanced risk for infection, cardiovascular complication, and cancer.
T14 1685-1857 Sentence denotes Over-treatment with iron should be avoided in dialysis patients, despite the fact that the safe upper limit of serum ferritin to avoid iron overload is not clearly defined.
T15 1858-1962 Sentence denotes On the other hand, functional iron deficiency may develop even when serum ferritin levels are increased.
T16 1963-2095 Sentence denotes Controversy remains as to whether intravenous iron therapy can overcome this form of hyporesponsiveness in iron-overloaded patients.
T17 2096-2244 Sentence denotes Moreover, a treatment option of iron supplementation is not warranted in these patients, as the potential hazards of iron overload will be worsened.
T18 2245-2504 Sentence denotes We demonstrated that the mean hematocrit significantly increased from 25.1+/-0.9% to 31+/-1.2% after eight weeks of intravenous ascorbate therapy (300 mg three times a week) in 12 hemodialysis patients with serum ferritin levels of more than 500 microg/liter.
T19 2505-2819 Sentence denotes The enhanced erythropoiesis paralleled with a rise in transferrin saturation (27.8+/-2.5% vs. 44.8+/-9.5%, P < 0.05) and reductions in erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin (130+/-32 vs. 72+/-19 micromol/mol heme, P < 0.05) and monthly rHuEPO dose (24.2+/-4.5 vs. 16.8+/-3.4 x 10(3) units, P < 0.05) at the end of study.
T20 2820-3023 Sentence denotes It is speculated that ascorbate supplementation not only facilitates the iron release from storage sites and its delivery to hematopoietic tissues, but also increases iron utilization in erythroid cells.
T21 3024-3223 Sentence denotes Our study provides a more complete understanding of the pathogenesis of iron overload-related anemia and the development of an adjuvant therapy, intravenous ascorbic acid, to the existing treatments.