Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T78 |
0-2 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3. |
T79 |
3-10 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Results |
T80 |
11-100 |
Sentence |
denotes |
1012 questionnaires were completed by the participants with 41 nationalities represented. |
T81 |
102-106 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3.1. |
T82 |
107-139 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sociodemographic Characteristics |
T83 |
140-276 |
Sentence |
denotes |
As shown in Table 1, the majority of participants were male (n = 656, 64.8%), with 34.6% female (n = 356), and married (n = 773, 76.3%). |
T84 |
277-462 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Pilgrims were from Iraq (n = 177, 17.5%) followed by Egypt (n = 161, 15.9 %), Sudan (n = 113, 11.1%), Indonesia (n = 111, 11%) and Pakistan (n = 92, 9.1%), respectively, as per Table 2. |
T85 |
464-468 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3.2. |
T86 |
469-487 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Level of Education |
T87 |
488-714 |
Sentence |
denotes |
While the majority had attended high school or above (n = 622, 61.4%), there was a proportion with only a basic level of reading and writing ability (n = 94, 9.3%), with some describing themselves as illiterate (n = 58, 5.7%). |
T88 |
716-720 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3.3. |
T89 |
721-738 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Medical Condition |
T90 |
739-808 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Chronic disease including multimorbidity was reported among pilgrims. |
T91 |
809-936 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Cardiovascular diseases were the most prevalent (n = 164, 42.4%), followed by diabetes mellitus (n = 139, 37%), as per Table 1. |
T92 |
938-942 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3.4. |
T93 |
943-963 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Immunization History |
T94 |
964-1287 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Despite the Umrah visa requirements, some pilgrims (n = 223; 22%) had not received any vaccination prior to travel; however, others had received influenza vaccine (n = 514; 50.8%), meningitis vaccination (n = 418; 41.3%), Hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) (n = 310; 30.6%), and poliomyelitis vaccination (n = 285; 28.1%) (Table 3). |
T95 |
1288-1591 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In the case of poliomyelitis vaccination for pilgrims attending from countries listed at the time of the 2019 Umrah as polio active, some of the pilgrims had not taken a polio vaccine before travelling from at risk countries including Pakistan (n = 34/92; 31.2%) and Afghanistan (n = 16/80; 12.8%) [21]. |
T96 |
1593-1597 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3.5. |
T97 |
1598-1636 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Duration of Stay in Makkah and Madinah |
T98 |
1637-1787 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The majority of participants stayed in Makkah for less than two weeks (n = 660, 65.2%) and in Madinah for less than a week (n = 614, 60.6%) (Table 3). |
T99 |
1789-1793 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3.6. |
T100 |
1794-1810 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Health Education |
T101 |
1811-2032 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The majority of pilgrims had received some form of health education (n = 799, 78.9%) described as self-education (n = 185, 23.2%); however, a proportion (n = 123, 12.1%) indicated that they had not received any (Table 4). |
T102 |
2033-2153 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The majority received health education in their homeland (n = 450, 44.4%) or on arrival in Saudi Arabia (n= 201, 19.8%). |
T103 |
2154-2369 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Many believed that the health education they had received was helpful (n = 661, 65.3%) or helpful “to some extent” (n = 216; 21.3%); however, some pilgrims (n = 135; 13.3%) did not find the health education helpful. |
T104 |
2370-2602 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The most cited source of health education was lectures (n = 262; 25.8%), followed by travel clinics (n = 134; 13.2%), followed by family and friends (n = 127, 12.5%), followed by health care providers (n = 122, 12%), as per Table 4. |
T105 |
2604-2608 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3.7. |
T106 |
2609-2642 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Practice of Preventative Measures |
T107 |
2643-2748 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Nearly a third of pilgrims (n = 305; 30.1%) never wore a face mask in crowded areas during Umrah in 2019. |
T108 |
2749-2846 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In contrast, similar numbers said they always wore a face mask (n = 351, 34.6%) in crowded areas. |
T109 |
2847-2972 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The majority of pilgrims (n = 840, 82.9%) did wash their hands with soap and water or sanitizers after coughing and sneezing. |
T110 |
2973-3152 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Most pilgrims reported that they never used an umbrella or hat to protect them from the sun (n = 509, 50.2%), while some always used an umbrella or hat (n = 144, 14.2%) (Table 5). |
T111 |
3153-3266 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table 6 shows the responses to items on aspects of availability and the sources of Personal Protective Equipment. |
T112 |
3267-3337 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Many pilgrims reported face masks were not available (n = 642, 63.4%). |
T113 |
3338-3470 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table 7 reports the association between receiving some form of health education and practicing of preventative measures by pilgrims. |
T114 |
3471-3741 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Receiving health education was significantly associated with the wearing of face masks in crowded areas (p = 0.04) and healthy practice score (i.e., washing hands with water, soap, or sanitizers, use of personal tools, disposing of used tissues in waste bin) (p = 0.02). |
T115 |
3742-3863 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table 8 indicates that the majority of pilgrims were very satisfied with the Saudi Arabian MOH Services (n = 734, 72.9%). |