PMC:7796148 / 17808-22506
Annnotations
LitCovid-PubTator
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | tao:has_database_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
246 | 209-217 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
247 | 218-225 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
248 | 388-396 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
249 | 397-404 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
252 | 507-515 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
253 | 537-544 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
258 | 949-957 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
259 | 958-965 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
260 | 1236-1244 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
261 | 1476-1487 | Disease | denotes | PHQ-15 pain | MESH:D010146 |
265 | 1559-1566 | Disease | denotes | Anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
266 | 1568-1578 | Disease | denotes | Depression | MESH:D000275 |
267 | 1584-1600 | Disease | denotes | Traumatic Stress | MESH:D000079225 |
279 | 1890-1902 | Species | denotes | participants | Tax:9606 |
280 | 1615-1622 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
281 | 1624-1634 | Disease | denotes | depression | MESH:D000275 |
282 | 1636-1652 | Disease | denotes | traumatic stress | MESH:D000079225 |
283 | 1657-1665 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
284 | 1674-1681 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
285 | 1767-1783 | Disease | denotes | traumatic stress | MESH:D000079225 |
286 | 1788-1796 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
287 | 1805-1812 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
288 | 1908-1915 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
289 | 1917-1927 | Disease | denotes | depression | MESH:D000275 |
297 | 2196-2201 | Species | denotes | women | Tax:9606 |
298 | 2237-2240 | Species | denotes | men | Tax:9606 |
299 | 2440-2445 | Species | denotes | women | Tax:9606 |
300 | 2468-2471 | Species | denotes | men | Tax:9606 |
301 | 2047-2054 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
302 | 2212-2219 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
303 | 2276-2286 | Disease | denotes | Depression | MESH:D000275 |
308 | 2706-2711 | Species | denotes | women | Tax:9606 |
309 | 2721-2724 | Species | denotes | men | Tax:9606 |
310 | 2518-2525 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
311 | 2533-2543 | Disease | denotes | depression | MESH:D000275 |
319 | 2986-2991 | Species | denotes | women | Tax:9606 |
320 | 3001-3004 | Species | denotes | men | Tax:9606 |
321 | 3212-3217 | Species | denotes | women | Tax:9606 |
322 | 3227-3230 | Species | denotes | men | Tax:9606 |
323 | 2817-2833 | Disease | denotes | traumatic stress | MESH:D000079225 |
324 | 3049-3057 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
325 | 3066-3073 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
332 | 3280-3287 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
333 | 3295-3305 | Disease | denotes | depression | MESH:D000275 |
334 | 3307-3323 | Disease | denotes | traumatic stress | MESH:D000079225 |
335 | 3329-3337 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
336 | 3346-3353 | Disease | denotes | Anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
337 | 3530-3546 | Disease | denotes | traumatic stress | MESH:D000079225 |
347 | 3785-3797 | Species | denotes | participants | Tax:9606 |
348 | 3863-3866 | Species | denotes | men | Tax:9606 |
349 | 3885-3890 | Species | denotes | women | Tax:9606 |
350 | 3618-3625 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
351 | 3626-3636 | Disease | denotes | depression | MESH:D000275 |
352 | 3685-3701 | Disease | denotes | traumatic stress | MESH:D000079225 |
353 | 3840-3848 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
354 | 3849-3856 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
355 | 3872-3879 | Disease | denotes | anxious | MESH:D001007 |
362 | 4066-4073 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
363 | 4074-4084 | Disease | denotes | depression | MESH:D000275 |
364 | 4132-4148 | Disease | denotes | traumatic stress | MESH:D000079225 |
365 | 4258-4265 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
366 | 4266-4276 | Disease | denotes | depression | MESH:D000275 |
367 | 4336-4352 | Disease | denotes | traumatic stress | MESH:D000079225 |
374 | 4454-4462 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
375 | 4508-4518 | Disease | denotes | depression | MESH:D000275 |
376 | 4519-4526 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
377 | 4558-4574 | Disease | denotes | traumatic stress | MESH:D000079225 |
378 | 4610-4618 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
379 | 4619-4626 | Disease | denotes | anxiety | MESH:D001007 |
LitCovid-PD-HP
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | hp_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T41 | 218-225 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T42 | 397-404 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T43 | 537-544 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T44 | 958-965 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T45 | 1483-1487 | Phenotype | denotes | pain | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012531 |
T46 | 1559-1566 | Phenotype | denotes | Anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T47 | 1568-1578 | Phenotype | denotes | Depression | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000716 |
T48 | 1615-1622 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T49 | 1624-1634 | Phenotype | denotes | depression | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000716 |
T50 | 1674-1681 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T51 | 1805-1812 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T52 | 1908-1915 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T53 | 1917-1927 | Phenotype | denotes | depression | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000716 |
T54 | 2047-2054 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T55 | 2212-2219 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T56 | 2276-2286 | Phenotype | denotes | Depression | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000716 |
T57 | 2518-2525 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T58 | 2533-2543 | Phenotype | denotes | depression | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000716 |
T59 | 3066-3073 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T60 | 3280-3287 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T61 | 3295-3305 | Phenotype | denotes | depression | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000716 |
T62 | 3346-3353 | Phenotype | denotes | Anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T63 | 3618-3625 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T64 | 3626-3636 | Phenotype | denotes | depression | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000716 |
T65 | 3849-3856 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T66 | 4066-4073 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T67 | 4074-4084 | Phenotype | denotes | depression | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000716 |
T68 | 4258-4265 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T69 | 4266-4276 | Phenotype | denotes | depression | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000716 |
T70 | 4508-4518 | Phenotype | denotes | depression | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000716 |
T71 | 4519-4526 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
T72 | 4619-4626 | Phenotype | denotes | anxiety | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000739 |
LitCovid-sentences
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T151 | 0-2 | Sentence | denotes | 3. |
T152 | 3-10 | Sentence | denotes | Results |
T153 | 12-16 | Sentence | denotes | 3.1. |
T154 | 17-33 | Sentence | denotes | Somatic Symptoms |
T155 | 34-117 | Sentence | denotes | Correlations for all the variables included in Models 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1. |
T156 | 118-261 | Sentence | denotes | The PHQ-15 subscales and the total score were positively and significantly correlated with COVID-19 anxiety, as well as with GAD-7 total score. |
T157 | 262-347 | Sentence | denotes | These correlations are in line with results from the first wave of the UK study [20]. |
T158 | 348-426 | Sentence | denotes | Figure 1 shows the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and somatic symptoms. |
T159 | 427-482 | Sentence | denotes | Table 2 shows the estimates from the regression models. |
T160 | 483-678 | Sentence | denotes | In Model 1, considering COVID-19 first quintile as no-anxiety, we can observe significant differences between the baseline and the other quantiles both in PHQ-15 subscales and in its total score. |
T161 | 679-875 | Sentence | denotes | In the sample, the aggravation of the somatic symptoms between quintiles seems to be characterized by a more linear increase than in the UK data, with a similar wider effect over the 5th quintile. |
T162 | 876-934 | Sentence | denotes | In Model 2, the control variables were taken into account. |
T163 | 935-1066 | Sentence | denotes | The effect of COVID-19 anxiety on somatic symptoms was weaker but similar to Model 1, especially referred to the total scale score. |
T164 | 1067-1222 | Sentence | denotes | The presence of pre-existing health problems and high scores on GAD-7 significantly worsen specific and general somatic symptoms, confirming UK’s findings. |
T165 | 1223-1306 | Sentence | denotes | Mourning for COVID-19 losses also has a detrimental effect on psychological health. |
T166 | 1307-1347 | Sentence | denotes | No effect of household income was found. |
T167 | 1348-1442 | Sentence | denotes | In terms of regions, Campania showed higher scores of somatic symptoms than the other regions. |
T168 | 1443-1552 | Sentence | denotes | Campania scores were high in the PHQ-15 pain subscale and in the gastrointestinal subscale, but also overall. |
T169 | 1554-1558 | Sentence | denotes | 3.2. |
T170 | 1559-1600 | Sentence | denotes | Anxiety, Depression, and Traumatic Stress |
T171 | 1601-1715 | Sentence | denotes | We focused on anxiety, depression, traumatic stress and COVID-19 related anxiety, following Shevlin et al. (2020). |
T172 | 1716-1937 | Sentence | denotes | In order to be consistent with the original study, traumatic stress and COVID-19 related anxiety where treated independently, whereas a new variable was computed to describe participants with anxiety, depression, or both. |
T173 | 1938-2034 | Sentence | denotes | Sample size, percentages and adjusted odds ratio are summarized in Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5. |
T174 | 2035-2104 | Sentence | denotes | The rate of anxiety (GAD-7) in the overall sample was 21.59% (95% CI: |
T175 | 2105-2241 | Sentence | denotes | 15.93%–20.72%), with no differences between regions (χ2(3) = 4.07, p = 0.25) and with more women above the anxiety cut-off (11.75%, men: |
T176 | 2242-2275 | Sentence | denotes | 6.45%; χ2(1) = 15.94, p < 0.001). |
T177 | 2276-2325 | Sentence | denotes | Depression (PHQ-9), with a rate of 21.4% (95% CI: |
T178 | 2326-2505 | Sentence | denotes | 18.95%–24.03%), showed no differences between regions (χ2(3) = 0.29, p = 0.96) but was significantly higher among women (12.52%), compared to men (8.86%; χ2(1) = 5.82, p = 0.016). |
T179 | 2506-2562 | Sentence | denotes | The rate of anxiety and/or depression was 26.11 (95% CI: |
T180 | 2563-2578 | Sentence | denotes | 23.48%–28.91%). |
T181 | 2579-2712 | Sentence | denotes | No significant differences between regions were detected (χ2(3) = 1.78 p = 0.61), whereas the gender difference was confirmed (women: |
T182 | 2713-2725 | Sentence | denotes | 15.90%, men: |
T183 | 2726-2760 | Sentence | denotes | 10.21%; χ2(1) = 13.37, p < 0.001). |
T184 | 2761-2856 | Sentence | denotes | Using the ITQ scale, 25.92% of the sample was above the traumatic stress cut-off score (95% CI: |
T185 | 2857-2872 | Sentence | denotes | 23.34%–28.77%). |
T186 | 2873-2992 | Sentence | denotes | No difference was found between regions (χ2(3) = 4.30, p = 0.23), while the gender effect was again significant (women: |
T187 | 2993-3005 | Sentence | denotes | 15.11%, men: |
T188 | 3006-3039 | Sentence | denotes | 10.88%; χ2(1) = 7.16, p = 0.007). |
T189 | 3040-3101 | Sentence | denotes | Finally, COVID-19 related anxiety was 18.30% overall (95% CI: |
T190 | 3102-3117 | Sentence | denotes | 16.02%–20.82%). |
T191 | 3118-3218 | Sentence | denotes | Regions showed a similar rate (χ2(3) = 2.66, p = 0.44) whereas a gender difference was found (women: |
T192 | 3219-3231 | Sentence | denotes | 12.14%, men: |
T193 | 3232-3265 | Sentence | denotes | 6.17%; χ2(1) = 20–65, p < 0.001). |
T194 | 3266-3470 | Sentence | denotes | We considered anxiety and/or depression, traumatic stress, and COVID-19-related Anxiety as dependent variables in three separate multiple logistic regressions (respectively, Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5). |
T195 | 3471-3547 | Sentence | denotes | Figure 2 shows the plot of the odds ratio for the model of traumatic stress. |
T196 | 3548-3798 | Sentence | denotes | The age effect, observed by Shevlin and colleagues, was confirmed for anxiety/depression (Adj OR = 0.96, CI = 0.95–0.97, p < 0.001), and traumatic stress (Adj OR = 0.97, CI = 0.96–0.98, p < 0.001), showing more moderate cases in younger participants. |
T197 | 3799-3955 | Sentence | denotes | A gender difference was observed only in COVID-19 anxiety, with men less anxious than women about the new virus (Adj OR = 0.33, CI = −0.03–0.69, p < 0.001). |
T198 | 3956-4001 | Sentence | denotes | No differences were observed between regions. |
T199 | 4002-4396 | Sentence | denotes | The presence of minors in the house had a detrimental effect on anxiety/depression (Adj OR = 1.55, CI = 1.20–1.90, p = 0.002) and traumatic stress (Adj OR = 1.52, CI = 1.17–1.87, p = 0.004), as did the presence of pre-existing health conditions in others (anxiety/depression; Adj OR = 1.53, CI = 1.14–1.91, p = 0.006) and themselves (traumatic stress; Adj OR = 1.59, CI = 1.15–2.02; p = 0.008). |
T200 | 4397-4698 | Sentence | denotes | Interestingly, an increase in perceived risk to contract COVID-19 in the following four weeks had an effect on depression/anxiety (LR χ2(3) = 54.24, p < 0.001), traumatic stress (LR χ2(3) = 66.14, p < 0.001), and COVID-19 anxiety (LR χ2(3) = 84.74, p < 0.001), mostly in the third and fourth quartile. |