Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T83 |
0-12 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Study design |
T84 |
13-166 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The study was approved by the local ethics committee (BC-07829) of the Ghent University Hospital, a 1062-beds tertiary care teaching hospital in Belgium. |
T85 |
167-388 |
Sentence |
denotes |
From March 12th to 31st 2020, 23 consecutive sera from 7 different patients, admitted to the hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 based on positive RT-PCR [6], were collected on day 2 to 18 after symptom onset. |
T86 |
389-440 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The study group consisted of 2 females and 5 males. |
T87 |
441-489 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The median age was 58 years (range 39–81 years). |
T88 |
490-665 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The collected sera were divided into 2 groups: day 2–7 after symptom onset (7 samples) and day 8–18 after symptom onset (16 samples) in order to evaluate clinical sensitivity. |
T89 |
666-856 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Specificity was evaluated using 10 pre-pandemic sera, i.e. clinical samples sent to the hospital laboratory for non-COVID-19-related serological investigations from August to September 2019. |
T90 |
857-1228 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Furthermore, 9 potential cross-reactive sera were included, i.e. IgM positivity against Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (n = 2), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (n = 2) or Toxoplasma gondii (Toxo) (n = 1); samples positive for rheumafactor (RF) (n = 1) or anti-nuclear factor (ANF) (n = 1)) and sera from patients positive for non-SARS-CoV-2 endemic coronaviruses (OC43 and NL63) (n = 2). |
T91 |
1229-1447 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The 14 serological assays listed in Table 1 were performed on each of the 23 sera from PCR confirmed COVID-19 positive patients and the 19 pre-pandemic/cross-reactive sera, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. |
T92 |
1448-1506 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for each test. |
T93 |
1507-1724 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We calculated both the overall sensitivity (day 2–18 after symptom onset) and the sensitivity of the two subgroups (day 2–7 and day 8–18), each time for IgM/A and IgG separately and for combined IgM/A and IgG testing. |
T94 |
1725-1733 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table 1. |
T95 |
1734-1765 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Overview of the included assays |
T96 |
1766-1823 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Test Assay Company Antibody detection Recombinant antigen |
T97 |
1824-1842 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Point-of-care test |
T98 |
1843-1932 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Corona Virus (COVID-19) Combined IgM/IgG Rapid Test Sol Scientifics IgM+IgG Not specified |
T99 |
1933-2035 |
Sentence |
denotes |
COVID-19 IgG/igM Rapid Test Cassette Zhejiang ORIENT GENE Biotech IgM+IgG Spike + nucleocapsid protein |
T100 |
2036-2146 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Wantai SARS-COV-2 Ab Rapid Test Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise IgM+IgG (combined) Not specified |
T101 |
2147-2215 |
Sentence |
denotes |
COVID-19 IgG/IgM RAPID TEST PRIMA PROFESSIONAL IgM+IgG Not specified |
T102 |
2216-2299 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Diagnostic Kit for IgG/IgM Antibody to SARS-CoV-2 WIZ BIOTECH IgM+IgG Not specified |
T103 |
2300-2341 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) |
T104 |
2342-2412 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA (IgA) EUROIMMUN S1 Spike glycoprotein (S1domain) |
T105 |
2413-2484 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA (IgG) EUROIMMUN IgG Spike glycoprotein (S1domain) |
T106 |
2485-2569 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 IgM ELISA Kit Epitope Diagnostics (EDI) IgM Not specified |
T107 |
2570-2661 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 IgG ELISA Kit Epitope Diagnostics (EDI) IgG Nucleocapsid protein |
T108 |
2662-2725 |
Sentence |
denotes |
SARS-CoV-2 IgM ELISA Kit Creative Diagnostics IgM Not specified |
T109 |
2726-2789 |
Sentence |
denotes |
SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA kit Creative Diagnostics IgG Not specified |
T110 |
2790-2866 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Human Anti-2019 nCoV(N) IgG ELISA kit Finetest, Wuhan Fine Biotech Co., Ltd. |
T111 |
2867-2900 |
Sentence |
denotes |
IgG Spike glycoprotein (S1domain) |
T112 |
2901-2950 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) |
T113 |
2951-2997 |
Sentence |
denotes |
SARS-CoV-2 IgG Abbott IgG Nucleocapsid protein |
T114 |
2998-3034 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) |
T115 |
3035-3094 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Liaison SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG DiaSorin IgG S1 and S2 protein |
T116 |
3095-3241 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by means of Excel (version 16.0, Microsoft, Washington, USA) using the following definitions in Excel: |
T117 |
3242-3310 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sensitivity = 100 x [True Positive/(True Positive + False Negative)] |
T118 |
3311-3378 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Specificity = 100 x [True Negative/(True Negative +False Positive)] |
T119 |
3379-3681 |
Sentence |
denotes |
All patients consulting at the emergency department of our hospital from the 1st of March till the 14th of May, with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 disease that required hospital admission and for which laboratory diagnosis was performed in our institution were retrospectively included in a database. |
T120 |
3682-3781 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In all patients a RT-PCR test on nasopharyngeal/throat swab was performed at the time of admission. |
T121 |
3782-3906 |
Sentence |
denotes |
If the initial nasopharyngeal swab was found to be negative, a second nasopharyngeal and additional anal swab were analyzed. |
T122 |
3907-3971 |
Sentence |
denotes |
If still negative, a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed. |
T123 |
3972-4218 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Patients with repetitive negative molecular testing for SARS-CoV-2 but high clinical, epidemiological and/or radiological suspicion of COVID-19 disease were subjected to serological testing using COVID-19 IgG/IgM rapid test (Prima Professional®). |
T124 |
4219-4403 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Among this retrospective cohort of hospitalized patients clinically treated for COVID-19 disease, we calculated the number of patients that ultimately had a RT-PCR confirmed diagnosis. |
T125 |
4404-4515 |
Sentence |
denotes |
As such, an estimation of the added diagnostic value of SARS-CoV-2 serology in this cohort could be calculated. |