PMC:7781431 / 3029-13723 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7781431","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7781431","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7781431","text":"Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs)\nInflammation is an extremely important, self-limiting immune response; however, uncontrolled or unresolved inflammation has been established as a pathophysiological mechanism for various diseases including viral infections, and a cause for prolonged homeostasis imbalance. Resolution of inflammation occurs in an overlapping stage dominated by the spatial and temporal biosynthesis of pro-resolved mediators (Headland and Norling 2015), SPMs, from essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) during inflammation. The SPMs initiate the process of resolution which include restriction or cessation of neutrophil infiltration, counter-regulation of chemokines and cytokines, induction of the neutrophils apoptosis and subsequent efferocytosis (the process by which apoptotic cells are removed by phagocytic cells) by macrophages (Reville et al. 2006), the conversion of macrophages from classically activated (M1) to alternatively activated cells (M2), return of non-apoptotic cells to the vascular system or lymphatic vessels, and the start of the healing process (Fig. 1) (Headland and Norling 2015). These events facilitate proper return homeostasis balance (Serhan and Savill 2005). For a comprehensive review, including structural explanations of SPMs, see reviews (Park et al. 2020; Chiang and Serhan 2017; Lee 2012).\n\nLipoxins (LXs)\nLipoxin A4 (LXA4; 5S, 6R, 15S-trihydroxy-7E, 9E, 11Z, 13E-eicosatetraenoic acid) and lipoxin B4 (LXB4; 5S, 14R, 15S-trihydroxy-6E, 8Z, 10E, 12E-eicosatetraenoic acid) were the first lipid SPMs to be discovered (Chiang and Serhan 2017). They are produced from the conversion of omega-6 (ω-6) arachidonic acid (AA) by lipoxygenase (LOX) through unicellular and transcellular biosynthesis pathways. In transcellular biosynthesis, LXs are synthesized by12-LOX derived through platelet-leukocyte interaction while unicellular biosynthesis pathways involve a series of LOXs-15-lipoxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, and epoxide hydrolase reactions. In addition to the lipoxygenase-initiated biosynthesis, two distinct lipoxins biosynthesis pathways have been elucidated; aspirin-triggered and statin-triggered routes. Aspirin induces the production of a lipoxin named “aspirin-triggered \" (AT) 15-epi-LX through acetylation of serine residue of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), acetylated COX-2 transforms AA into 15R-HETE, which serves as a substrate for 5-LOX (Chiang et al. 2005). Statins, widely used as potent cholesterol-lowering agents, have also been found to enhance the conversion of arachidonate to 15-epi-LX (Planaguma et al. 2010). Epi-lipoxins, trihydroxy metabolites of arachidonic acid, are 15R-epimers of their respective lipoxins, 15-epi-LXA4, LXA4, and 15-epi-LXB4, LXB4 (Romano et al. 2015).\nIn vivo biosynthesis of LXA4 is triggered in an acute inflammatory process in which Polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN)’s interaction with PGE2 and PGD2 activates 15-lipoxygenase subsequently facilitating LXA4 biosynthesis (Claria and Serhan 1995). In a murine peritonitis model, the maximum level of LXA4 was achieved within 2 hours and gradually decreased during the first 24 hours (Bannenberg et al. 2005). The formation of LXs is preserved across a wide range of animal species, from fish to humans (Levy 2005). This indicates the physiological importance of LXs.\n\nE-, D-, and T-series resolvins (Rvs)\nResolvin (Rv) is a pro-resolving mediator that is derived from omega-3 fatty acids, primarily eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and clupanodonic acid (Duvall and Levy 2016; Serhan et al. 2014). Rvs are divided into several subclasses based on the unique aspects of their structure and/or the straight-chain PUFAs from which they are formed. Resolvin Ds (RvDs) are metabolites of 22-carbon PUFA, DHA. Resolvin Es (RvE) are metabolites of 20 carbons PUFA, EPA; Resolvin Dn-6DPA (RvDn-6DPA) is a DPA isomer, a metabolite of osbond acids; Resolvin Dn-3DPA (RvDn-3DPA) is a DPA isomer, a metabolite of clupanodonic acid; Resolvin Ts (RvT) is a metabolite of clupanodonic acid with 17R-hydroxyl residues, unlike RvDsn-3DPA (all have 17S-hydroxyl residues). AT-RvDs, RvD isomers are synthesized by the aspirin-modified COX-2 enzyme to form 17 (R)-hydroxyl rather than the 17 (S)-hydroxyl residue of RvE. Cytochrome P450 enzymes that have not yet been characterized may also form this 17 (R)-hydroxy intermediate and contribute to the production of AT-RvE. All mentioned Rvs except RvDsn-6DPA are metabolites of omega-3 fatty acids (Serhan et al. 2014; Duvall and Levy 2016).\n\nE-series resolvins\nRvE is a di- or tri-hydroxyl metabolite of EPA. To date, four RvEs (RvE1, 18S-RvE1, RvE2, and RvE3) have been discovered. COX-2, acetylated by aspirin in hypoxic endothelial cells, introduces oxygen groups into 18R-hydro (peroxy)-eicosapentaenoic acid (18R-HEPE). Activated PMN uses 5-LOX to convert 18R-HEPE to 5S (6)-epoxy-18R-HEPE, which is further hydrolyzed to RvE1 (Serhan et al. 2000).\nRvE2 is produced by reduction of 18R HEPE products by 5-LOX to 5S-hydroperoxy, 18-hydroxy-EPE in whole blood (Oh et al. 2012). Unlike RvE1, RvE2 and RvE3 are biosynthesized from 18-HEPE via the 12/15-LOX pathway in eosinophils (Isobe et al. 2012b). Endogenous RvE1 has been shown to accumulate for between 48 and 72 hours, which is a delayed time point of inflammation (Hong et al. 2008). RvE2 appeared at the time point corresponding to initial PMN infiltration in rat peritoneal exudate stimulated by zymosan A and decreased within 24 hours (Isobe et al. 2012a). 18S-RvE1 is produced by 5-LOX and LTA4 hydrolase using 18S-HEPE as a substrate (Oh et al. 2011).\n\nD-series resolvins\nRvD is a polyhydroxy metabolite of DHA. To date, six RvDs with different positions of cis-trans isomers, as well as the number, position and chirality of the hydroxyl residues have been discovered. D-series Rvs (RvD1-RvD6) are biosynthesized from DHA by the LOX in PMN and macrophages (Serhan et al. 2002). Hydrolysis of peroxide intermediates derived from two LOXs in DHA produces RvD1 and RvD2. On the other hand, the reduction of the peroxide intermediates produces RvD5 (Serhan et al. 2002). In hypoxic endothelial cells in the presence of aspirin, COX-2 converts DHA to 13-hydroxy-DHA or 17R-hydroxy-DHA and activated PMN converts these products to AT-RvD1, AT-RvD2, and other AT-RvD-series. RvD3 and RvD4 are produced through hydrolysis of 4S-hydroperoxy-17S-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid, whereas RvD6 is derived from peroxidase of the same precursor.\nIn a peritonitis model, the in vivo RvD3 levels after zymosan A challenge increases significantly up to 48 hours after inflammation initiation, while RvD1, RvD2, and RvD5 peak at the early stages of the inflammation termination phase (6–24 hours) (Dalli et al. 2013b). RvD3 appears to be produced by a subpopulation of macrophages with high 15-LOX activity (Dalli et al. 2013b). In vivo production of RvD4 in an Staphylococcus aureus injected the dorsal pouch infection model continues for more than 72 hours after sustained release, suggesting that RvD is produced continuously and is under different control from other Rvs (Winkler et al. 2016). RvD6 kinetics have not been reported yet.\n\nResolvin Ts (RvTs)\nIn human platelets, COX-2 pre-treated with aspirin or atorvastatin metabolizes omega-3s, DPA and clupanodonic acid (DPAn-3), to 13S-hydroperoxy forms. Aspirin and atorvastatin change the activity of COX-2 from cyclooxygenase to hydroperoxide-forming enzyme. The intermediates formed are transported to the nearby human neutrophils and perhaps by the activity of the ALOX5 enzyme they are metabolized into four polyhydroxy metabolites: RvT1 (7,13R, 20-trihydroxy-DPAn-3); RvT2 (7, 8,13R-trihydroxy-DPAn-3); RvT3 (7,12,13R-trihydroxy-8Z, 10E, 14E, 16Z, 19Z-DPAn-3); RvT4 (7,13R-dihydroxy-DPAn-3). These four RvTs are formed by human neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells and are also found in rodents and human infected tissues (Dalli et al. 2013a, 2015). Recently, the total synthesis of RvT1, RvT2, and its 13R-epimer RvT2, and RvT4 were successfully achieved (Rodriguez and Spur 2020a, b). Therefore, it is expected that there will be many physiological and pharmacological research on RvTs in the future.\n\nMaresins\nMaresins (MaRs) are biosynthesized from DHA by macrophages through the action of 12-LOX, which catalyzes the oxygenation of DHA to 14-hydroperoxidocosahexaenoic acid (14-HpDHA) (Rodriguez and Spur 2020a). This is followed by reduction to 13S, 14S-epoxy-maresin, which is further modified in human macrophages to produce MaR1 (Deng et al. 2014) and conversion of 13S, 14S-epoxy-maresin by soluble epoxide hydrolase to produce MaR2 (Deng et al. 2014). Maresins, like the many other SPM members mentioned, have anti-inflammatory, protective and healing-promoting properties. In a study using a murine model of respiratory distress syndrome, and initial in vivo production of MaR1was detected during platelet-neutrophil interactions, and its levels increased significantly within 2 hours and peaked at 24 hours (Dalli et al. 2013c). Measurement of 17-HDHA in tissue is used as a marker for the level of activation of the MaR production pathway (Wang et al. 2015). Maresin-like lipid mediators MaR-L1 and MaR-L2 are produced by white blood cells and platelets and rescue the reparative function of macrophages damaged by diabetes (Hong et al. 2014). Total synthesis of MaRs has not yet been reported.\n\nProtectins (PDs)\nProtectin D1 (PD1), also known as neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), is derived from DHA. DHA is a component of fish oil and the most important omega-3 PUFA. Like other members of PUFA metabolites specialized pro-resolving mediators class, PD1 exerts potent anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic/neuroprotective biological activities (Hong et al. 2003; Bazan 2007). PD1 accumulates in the ipsilateral hemisphere of the brain after focal ischemia and has been shown to take part in wound healing and neuroprotection. 15-LOX can acts 17S-HpDHA to produce the isomers of PD1, 10S, 17S-diHDHA (PDx), which also have pro-resolving activity. PD1 production peaks at 12 hours in a zymosan A-induced rat peritonitis model (Bannenberg et al. 2005).\nOther PDs with similar activity include PDX; 20-hydroxy-PD1; and 10-epi-PD1 (Shinohara et al. 2012; Balas and Durand 2016). The activity of 17-epi-PD1, a PD1-like metabolite, has not been reported. It should be noted that Neuroprotectin A and B, the bicyclohexapeptides, are structurally and mechanically different from PDs (Kobayashi et al. 2001). The total synthesis of PDX and PD1 methyl ester epimer was successful (Dayaker et al. 2014; Sanceau et al. 2019).","divisions":[{"label":"title","span":{"begin":0,"end":48}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":49,"end":1371}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":1373,"end":3344}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":1373,"end":1387}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1388,"end":2777}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":2778,"end":3344}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":3346,"end":8277}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":3346,"end":3382}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":3383,"end":4602}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":4604,"end":5677}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":4604,"end":4622}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":4623,"end":5015}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":5016,"end":5677}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":5679,"end":7245}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":5679,"end":5697}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":5698,"end":6555}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":6556,"end":7245}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":7247,"end":8277}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":7247,"end":7265}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":7266,"end":8277}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":8279,"end":9483}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":8279,"end":8287}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":8288,"end":9483}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":9485,"end":9501}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":9502,"end":10231}}],"tracks":[{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"95","span":{"begin":26,"end":31},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"106","span":{"begin":497,"end":534},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"107","span":{"begin":536,"end":541},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"108","span":{"begin":1210,"end":1216},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"109","span":{"begin":1221,"end":1227},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"110","span":{"begin":49,"end":61},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"111","span":{"begin":156,"end":168},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"112","span":{"begin":255,"end":271},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"113","span":{"begin":336,"end":348},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"114","span":{"begin":550,"end":562},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"115","span":{"begin":777,"end":790},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"118","span":{"begin":1373,"end":1381},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"119","span":{"begin":1383,"end":1386},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"151","span":{"begin":2318,"end":2334},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"152","span":{"begin":2336,"end":2341},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"153","span":{"begin":2355,"end":2360},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"154","span":{"begin":2422,"end":2427},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"155","span":{"begin":1388,"end":1398},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"156","span":{"begin":1400,"end":1404},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"157","span":{"begin":1406,"end":1467},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"158","span":{"begin":1473,"end":1483},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"159","span":{"begin":1485,"end":1489},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"160","span":{"begin":1491,"end":1553},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"161","span":{"begin":1570,"end":1575},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"162","span":{"begin":1599,"end":1605},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"163","span":{"begin":1610,"end":1616},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"164","span":{"begin":1665,"end":1695},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"165","span":{"begin":2091,"end":2099},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"166","span":{"begin":2144,"end":2151},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"167","span":{"begin":2191,"end":2198},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"168","span":{"begin":2227,"end":2234},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"169","span":{"begin":2242,"end":2249},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"170","span":{"begin":2267,"end":2276},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"171","span":{"begin":2300,"end":2306},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"172","span":{"begin":2380,"end":2388},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"173","span":{"begin":2481,"end":2492},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"174","span":{"begin":2560,"end":2572},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"175","span":{"begin":2576,"end":2585},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"176","span":{"begin":2611,"end":2623},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"177","span":{"begin":2651,"end":2667},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"178","span":{"begin":2705,"end":2713},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"179","span":{"begin":2715,"end":2726},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"180","span":{"begin":2728,"end":2732},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"181","span":{"begin":2738,"end":2749},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"189","span":{"begin":2925,"end":2929},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"190","span":{"begin":3031,"end":3037},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"191","span":{"begin":3273,"end":3279},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"192","span":{"begin":2802,"end":2806},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"193","span":{"begin":2916,"end":2920},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"194","span":{"begin":2982,"end":2986},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"195","span":{"begin":3012,"end":3018},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"210","span":{"begin":3824,"end":3828},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"211","span":{"begin":3883,"end":3887},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"212","span":{"begin":4247,"end":4252},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"213","span":{"begin":3446,"end":3465},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"214","span":{"begin":3477,"end":3498},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"215","span":{"begin":3500,"end":3503},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"216","span":{"begin":3506,"end":3526},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"217","span":{"begin":3528,"end":3531},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"218","span":{"begin":3534,"end":3555},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"219","span":{"begin":3557,"end":3560},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"220","span":{"begin":3567,"end":3584},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"221","span":{"begin":3830,"end":3833},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"222","span":{"begin":4230,"end":4237},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"223","span":{"begin":4539,"end":4558},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"233","span":{"begin":4745,"end":4750},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"234","span":{"begin":4906,"end":4911},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"235","span":{"begin":4666,"end":4669},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"236","span":{"begin":4766,"end":4773},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"237","span":{"begin":4815,"end":4821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"238","span":{"begin":4834,"end":4874},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"239","span":{"begin":4876,"end":4884},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"240","span":{"begin":4923,"end":4931},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"241","span":{"begin":4935,"end":4956},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"251","span":{"begin":5605,"end":5610},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"252","span":{"begin":5615,"end":5629},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"253","span":{"begin":5070,"end":5075},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"254","span":{"begin":5482,"end":5485},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"255","span":{"begin":5049,"end":5057},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"256","span":{"begin":5079,"end":5109},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"257","span":{"begin":5194,"end":5201},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"258","span":{"begin":5636,"end":5644},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"259","span":{"begin":5372,"end":5384},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"270","span":{"begin":6251,"end":6256},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"271","span":{"begin":5733,"end":5736},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"272","span":{"begin":5945,"end":5948},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"273","span":{"begin":6019,"end":6027},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"274","span":{"begin":6067,"end":6070},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"275","span":{"begin":6135,"end":6143},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"276","span":{"begin":6242,"end":6249},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"277","span":{"begin":6266,"end":6269},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"278","span":{"begin":6273,"end":6287},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"279","span":{"begin":6291,"end":6306},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"284","span":{"begin":6968,"end":6989},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"285","span":{"begin":6675,"end":6698},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"286","span":{"begin":6759,"end":6771},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"287","span":{"begin":7016,"end":7025},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"313","span":{"begin":7465,"end":7470},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"314","span":{"begin":7632,"end":7637},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"315","span":{"begin":7286,"end":7291},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"316","span":{"begin":7269,"end":7274},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"317","span":{"begin":7579,"end":7584},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"318","span":{"begin":7891,"end":7896},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"319","span":{"begin":7974,"end":7979},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"320","span":{"begin":7309,"end":7316},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"321","span":{"begin":7320,"end":7332},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"322","span":{"begin":7345,"end":7353},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"323","span":{"begin":7355,"end":7358},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"324","span":{"begin":7363,"end":7380},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"325","span":{"begin":7382,"end":7388},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"326","span":{"begin":7417,"end":7424},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"327","span":{"begin":7429,"end":7441},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"328","span":{"begin":7494,"end":7507},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"329","span":{"begin":7980,"end":7988},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"330","span":{"begin":7701,"end":7705},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"331","span":{"begin":7737,"end":7741},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"332","span":{"begin":7772,"end":7776},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"333","span":{"begin":7830,"end":7834},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"334","span":{"begin":8058,"end":8062},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"335","span":{"begin":8064,"end":8068},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"336","span":{"begin":8089,"end":8093},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"337","span":{"begin":8099,"end":8103},"obj":"CellLine"},{"id":"348","span":{"begin":8579,"end":8584},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"349","span":{"begin":8879,"end":8885},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"350","span":{"begin":8328,"end":8331},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"351","span":{"begin":8412,"end":8415},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"352","span":{"begin":8419,"end":8453},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"353","span":{"begin":8526,"end":8548},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"354","span":{"begin":8650,"end":8672},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"355","span":{"begin":8895,"end":8924},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"356","span":{"begin":9135,"end":9139},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"357","span":{"begin":9404,"end":9412},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"359","span":{"begin":9497,"end":9500},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"368","span":{"begin":9645,"end":9649},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"369","span":{"begin":9673,"end":9677},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"370","span":{"begin":10184,"end":10187},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"371","span":{"begin":9578,"end":9581},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"372","span":{"begin":9583,"end":9586},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"373","span":{"begin":9605,"end":9613},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"374","span":{"begin":10065,"end":10080},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"375","span":{"begin":9929,"end":9937},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"381","span":{"begin":10454,"end":10476},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"382","span":{"begin":10482,"end":10501},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"383","span":{"begin":10623,"end":10628},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"384","span":{"begin":10238,"end":10241},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"385","span":{"begin":10552,"end":10555},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A95","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"95","obj":"MESH:D008055"},{"id":"A107","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"107","obj":"MESH:D005231"},{"id":"A110","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"110","obj":"MESH:D007249"},{"id":"A111","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"111","obj":"MESH:D007249"},{"id":"A112","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"112","obj":"MESH:D001102"},{"id":"A113","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"113","obj":"MESH:D007249"},{"id":"A114","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"114","obj":"MESH:D007249"},{"id":"A118","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"118","obj":"MESH:D044045"},{"id":"A119","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"119","obj":"MESH:D044045"},{"id":"A151","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"151","obj":"Gene:5743"},{"id":"A152","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"152","obj":"Gene:5743"},{"id":"A153","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"153","obj":"Gene:5743"},{"id":"A154","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"154","obj":"Gene:240"},{"id":"A155","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"155","obj":"MESH:C040527"},{"id":"A156","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"156","obj":"MESH:C040527"},{"id":"A158","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"158","obj":"MESH:C042651"},{"id":"A159","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"159","obj":"MESH:C042651"},{"id":"A161","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"161","obj":"MESH:D008055"},{"id":"A165","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"165","obj":"MESH:D044045"},{"id":"A166","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"166","obj":"MESH:D001241"},{"id":"A167","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"167","obj":"MESH:D001241"},{"id":"A168","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"168","obj":"MESH:D044045"},{"id":"A169","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"169","obj":"MESH:D001241"},{"id":"A171","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"171","obj":"MESH:D012694"},{"id":"A173","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"173","obj":"MESH:D002784"},{"id":"A174","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"174","obj":"MESH:D016718"},{"id":"A177","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"177","obj":"MESH:D016718"},{"id":"A178","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"178","obj":"MESH:D044045"},{"id":"A179","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"179","obj":"MESH:C040527"},{"id":"A180","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"180","obj":"MESH:C040527"},{"id":"A189","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"189","obj":"Gene:5730"},{"id":"A190","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"190","obj":"Tax:10090"},{"id":"A191","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"191","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A192","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"192","obj":"MESH:C040527"},{"id":"A193","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"193","obj":"MESH:D015232"},{"id":"A194","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"194","obj":"MESH:C040527"},{"id":"A210","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"210","obj":"Gene:9933"},{"id":"A211","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"211","obj":"Gene:9933"},{"id":"A212","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"212","obj":"Gene:5743"},{"id":"A213","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"213","obj":"MESH:D015525"},{"id":"A214","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"214","obj":"MESH:D015118"},{"id":"A215","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"215","obj":"MESH:D015118"},{"id":"A216","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"216","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A217","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"217","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A218","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"218","obj":"MESH:C026219"},{"id":"A219","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"219","obj":"MESH:C026219"},{"id":"A220","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"220","obj":"MESH:C026219"},{"id":"A221","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"221","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A222","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"222","obj":"MESH:D001241"},{"id":"A223","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"223","obj":"MESH:D015525"},{"id":"A233","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"233","obj":"Gene:5743"},{"id":"A234","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"234","obj":"Gene:240"},{"id":"A235","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"235","obj":"MESH:D015118"},{"id":"A236","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"236","obj":"MESH:D001241"},{"id":"A237","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"237","obj":"MESH:D010100"},{"id":"A251","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"251","obj":"Gene:240"},{"id":"A252","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"252","obj":"Gene:299732"},{"id":"A253","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"253","obj":"Gene:240"},{"id":"A254","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"254","obj":"Tax:10116"},{"id":"A259","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"259","obj":"MESH:D007249"},{"id":"A270","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"270","obj":"Gene:5743"},{"id":"A271","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"271","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A272","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"272","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A273","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"273","obj":"MESH:D010545"},{"id":"A274","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"274","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A275","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"275","obj":"MESH:D010545"},{"id":"A276","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"276","obj":"MESH:D001241"},{"id":"A277","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"277","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A284","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"284","obj":"Tax:1280"},{"id":"A285","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"285","obj":"MESH:D007249"},{"id":"A286","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"286","obj":"MESH:D007249"},{"id":"A287","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"287","obj":"MESH:D007239"},{"id":"A313","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"313","obj":"Gene:5743"},{"id":"A314","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"314","obj":"Gene:240"},{"id":"A315","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"315","obj":"Gene:5743"},{"id":"A316","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"316","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A317","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"317","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A318","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"318","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A319","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"319","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A320","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"320","obj":"MESH:D001241"},{"id":"A321","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"321","obj":"MESH:D000069059"},{"id":"A322","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"322","obj":"MESH:D015525"},{"id":"A323","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"323","obj":"MESH:C026219"},{"id":"A324","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"324","obj":"MESH:C026219"},{"id":"A326","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"326","obj":"MESH:D001241"},{"id":"A327","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"327","obj":"MESH:D000069059"},{"id":"A328","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"328","obj":"MESH:D006861"},{"id":"A329","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"329","obj":"MESH:D007239"},{"id":"A330","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"330","obj":"CVCL:1045"},{"id":"A331","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"331","obj":"CVCL:1045"},{"id":"A332","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"332","obj":"CVCL:1045"},{"id":"A333","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"333","obj":"CVCL:1045"},{"id":"A334","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"334","obj":"CVCL:1045"},{"id":"A335","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"335","obj":"CVCL:1045"},{"id":"A336","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"336","obj":"CVCL:1045"},{"id":"A337","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"337","obj":"CVCL:1045"},{"id":"A348","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"348","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A349","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"349","obj":"Tax:10090"},{"id":"A350","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"350","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A351","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"351","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A355","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"355","obj":"MESH:D012128"},{"id":"A357","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"357","obj":"MESH:D003920"},{"id":"A368","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"368","obj":"Gene:9933"},{"id":"A369","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"369","obj":"Gene:9933"},{"id":"A370","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"370","obj":"Tax:10116"},{"id":"A371","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"371","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A372","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"372","obj":"MESH:D004281"},{"id":"A373","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"373","obj":"MESH:D005395"},{"id":"A375","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"375","obj":"MESH:D007511"},{"id":"A383","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"383","obj":"MESH:D004952"},{"subj":"95","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"106","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"107","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"108","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"109","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"110","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"111","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"112","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"113","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"114","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"115","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"118","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"119","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"151","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"152","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"153","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"154","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"155","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"156","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"157","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"158","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"159","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"160","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"161","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"162","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"163","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"164","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"165","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"166","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"167","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"168","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"169","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"170","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"171","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"172","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"173","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"174","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"175","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"176","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"177","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"178","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"179","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"180","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"181","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"189","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"190","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"191","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"192","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"193","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"194","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"195","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"210","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"211","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"212","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"213","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"214","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"215","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"216","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"217","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"218","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"219","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"220","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"221","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"222","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"223","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"233","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"234","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"235","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"236","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"237","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"238","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"239","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"240","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"241","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"251","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"252","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"253","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"254","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"255","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"256","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"257","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"258","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"259","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"270","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"271","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"272","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"273","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"274","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"275","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"276","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"277","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"278","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"279","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"284","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"285","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"286","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"287","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"313","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"314","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"315","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"316","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"317","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"318","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"319","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"320","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"321","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"322","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"323","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"324","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"325","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"326","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"327","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"328","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"329","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"330","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"331","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"332","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"333","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"334","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"335","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"336","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"337","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"348","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"349","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"350","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"351","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"352","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"353","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"354","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"355","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"356","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"357","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"359","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"368","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"369","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"370","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"371","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"372","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"373","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"374","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"375","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"381","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"382","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"383","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"384","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"385","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":3038,"end":3049},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":6561,"end":6572},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":8895,"end":8915},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":10188,"end":10199},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A7","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002586"},{"id":"A8","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002586"},{"id":"A9","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098"},{"id":"A10","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002586"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-HP"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-HP"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-HP"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-HP"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":0,"end":48},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":49,"end":321},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":322,"end":563},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":564,"end":892},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":893,"end":1150},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":1151,"end":1234},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":1235,"end":1330},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1331,"end":1371},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1373,"end":1387},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1388,"end":1623},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":1624,"end":1783},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1784,"end":2021},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":2022,"end":2190},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":2191,"end":2442},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":2443,"end":2449},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":2450,"end":2603},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":2604,"end":2610},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":2611,"end":2770},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":2771,"end":2777},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":2778,"end":3025},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":3026,"end":3179},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":3180,"end":3186},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":3187,"end":3292},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":3293,"end":3344},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":3346,"end":3382},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":3383,"end":3621},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":3622,"end":3628},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":3629,"end":3775},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":3776,"end":3834},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":3835,"end":4185},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":4186,"end":4331},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":4332,"end":4483},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":4484,"end":4573},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":4574,"end":4602},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":4604,"end":4622},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":4623,"end":4670},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":4671,"end":4744},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":4745,"end":4886},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":4887,"end":5008},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":5009,"end":5015},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":5016,"end":5135},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":5136,"end":5142},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T61","span":{"begin":5143,"end":5256},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T62","span":{"begin":5257,"end":5264},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T63","span":{"begin":5265,"end":5397},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T64","span":{"begin":5398,"end":5404},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":5405,"end":5572},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":5573,"end":5580},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T67","span":{"begin":5581,"end":5670},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T68","span":{"begin":5671,"end":5677},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T69","span":{"begin":5679,"end":5697},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T70","span":{"begin":5698,"end":5737},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T71","span":{"begin":5738,"end":5895},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T72","span":{"begin":5896,"end":5997},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T73","span":{"begin":5998,"end":6004},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T74","span":{"begin":6005,"end":6094},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T75","span":{"begin":6095,"end":6186},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T76","span":{"begin":6187,"end":6193},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T77","span":{"begin":6194,"end":6394},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T78","span":{"begin":6395,"end":6555},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T79","span":{"begin":6556,"end":6816},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T80","span":{"begin":6817,"end":6824},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T81","span":{"begin":6825,"end":6926},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T82","span":{"begin":6927,"end":6934},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":6935,"end":7196},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T84","span":{"begin":7197,"end":7203},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T85","span":{"begin":7204,"end":7245},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T86","span":{"begin":7247,"end":7265},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T87","span":{"begin":7266,"end":7416},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T88","span":{"begin":7417,"end":7523},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T89","span":{"begin":7524,"end":7700},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T90","span":{"begin":7701,"end":7860},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T91","span":{"begin":7861,"end":8010},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T92","span":{"begin":8011,"end":8024},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T93","span":{"begin":8025,"end":8161},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T94","span":{"begin":8162,"end":8277},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":8279,"end":8287},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":8288,"end":8492},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T97","span":{"begin":8493,"end":8625},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T98","span":{"begin":8626,"end":8730},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T99","span":{"begin":8731,"end":8737},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T100","span":{"begin":8738,"end":8859},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T101","span":{"begin":8860,"end":9108},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T102","span":{"begin":9109,"end":9116},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T103","span":{"begin":9117,"end":9240},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T104","span":{"begin":9241,"end":9247},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T105","span":{"begin":9248,"end":9425},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T106","span":{"begin":9426,"end":9432},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T107","span":{"begin":9433,"end":9483},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T108","span":{"begin":9485,"end":9501},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T109","span":{"begin":9502,"end":9582},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T110","span":{"begin":9583,"end":9650},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T111","span":{"begin":9651,"end":9838},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T112","span":{"begin":9839,"end":9857},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T113","span":{"begin":9858,"end":10007},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T114","span":{"begin":10008,"end":10127},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T115","span":{"begin":10128,"end":10224},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T116","span":{"begin":10225,"end":10231},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T117","span":{"begin":10232,"end":10325},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T118","span":{"begin":10326,"end":10355},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T119","span":{"begin":10356,"end":10429},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T120","span":{"begin":10430,"end":10573},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T121","span":{"begin":10574,"end":10580},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T122","span":{"begin":10581,"end":10666},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T123","span":{"begin":10667,"end":10687},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T124","span":{"begin":10688,"end":10694},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T19","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T22","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T23","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T24","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T25","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T26","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T27","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T28","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T29","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T30","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T31","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T32","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T33","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T34","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T35","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T36","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T37","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T38","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T39","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T40","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T41","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T42","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T43","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T44","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T45","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T46","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T47","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T48","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T49","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T50","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T51","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T52","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T53","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T54","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T55","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T56","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T57","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T58","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T59","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T60","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T61","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T62","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T63","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T64","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T65","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T66","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T67","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T68","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T69","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T70","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T71","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T72","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T73","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T74","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T75","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T76","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T77","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T78","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T79","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T80","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T81","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T82","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T83","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T84","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T85","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T86","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T87","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T88","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T89","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T90","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T91","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T92","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T93","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T94","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T95","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T96","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T97","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T98","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T99","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T100","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T101","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T102","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T103","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T104","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T105","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T106","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T107","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T108","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T109","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T110","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T111","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T112","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T113","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T114","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T115","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T116","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T117","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T118","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T119","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T120","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T121","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T122","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T123","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T124","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"LitCovid-PubTator","color":"#ec9394","default":true},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-HP","color":"#93aeec"},{"id":"LitCovid-sentences","color":"#c8ec93"}]}]}}