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PMC:7736111 / 27371-31760 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
698 313-318 Gene denotes STAT1 Gene:20846
699 591-596 Gene denotes IFNR1 Gene:3454
700 328-332 Species denotes mice Tax:10090
701 347-355 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
702 557-565 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
703 630-634 Species denotes mice Tax:10090
704 293-311 Disease denotes SARS-CoV infection MESH:C000657245
705 333-341 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
723 799-802 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
724 977-980 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
725 994-999 Gene denotes STAT1 Gene:6772
726 1298-1301 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
727 1421-1425 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
728 1523-1527 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
729 924-927 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
730 825-835 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
731 896-906 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
732 962-970 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
733 1221-1229 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
734 1329-1339 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
735 1573-1583 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
736 1464-1475 Species denotes respiratory Tax:12814
737 882-890 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
738 948-956 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
739 1212-1220 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
759 1750-1753 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
760 1920-1923 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
761 2282-2286 Gene denotes IFNA Gene:3439
762 2352-2355 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
763 2485-2491 Gene denotes IFNAR1 Gene:3454
764 2493-2497 Gene denotes JAK1 Gene:3716
765 2503-2507 Gene denotes TYK2 Gene:7297
766 2531-2534 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
767 2557-2561 Gene denotes IFNB Gene:3456
768 2616-2619 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
769 1711-1714 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
770 1631-1639 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
771 1673-1681 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
772 2115-2123 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
773 2221-2229 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
774 2383-2391 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
775 2193-2196 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
776 1622-1630 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
777 2106-2114 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
806 2863-2866 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
807 2957-2962 Gene denotes IFN-β Gene:3439
808 2966-2969 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
809 3122-3127 Gene denotes IFN-β Gene:3439
810 3131-3134 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
811 3195-3201 Gene denotes IFNAR1 Gene:3454
812 3205-3211 Gene denotes IFNLR1 Gene:163702
813 3312-3315 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
814 3393-3396 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
815 3652-3655 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
816 3761-3764 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
817 3885-3888 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
818 4082-4085 Gene denotes IFN Gene:3439
819 3430-3438 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
820 3526-3532 Species denotes people Tax:9606
821 3567-3573 Species denotes people Tax:9606
822 3915-3923 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
823 4125-4135 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
824 4288-4296 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
825 2994-3014 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
826 3152-3167 Disease denotes viral infection MESH:D001102
827 3253-3272 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infected MESH:C000657245
828 3507-3516 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
829 3604-3612 Disease denotes diabetes MESH:D003920
830 3695-3710 Disease denotes CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
831 4234-4243 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
832 4257-4265 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
833 4301-4316 Disease denotes MERS infections MESH:D018352

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T158 0-19 Sentence denotes Interferon Response
T159 20-191 Sentence denotes By initiating an early antiviral response, signaling via IFNs and ISGs is critical for the viral clearance and an impediment for the development of the pathological state.
T160 192-312 Sentence denotes Several in vitro and animal studies have established the central role of these signaling pathways in SARS-CoV infection.
T161 313-545 Sentence denotes STAT1 knockout mice infected with SARS-CoV exhibited severe disease symptoms, conferred by increased viral replication and propagation and was further associated with reduced survival rate (Hogan et al., 2004; Frieman et al., 2010).
T162 546-751 Sentence denotes Similarly, SARS-CoV propagation increases in IFNR1-/- and ILFNLR1/- double knockout mice, suggesting an essential role of these signaling pathways in mitigating antiviral response (Mahlakõiv et al., 2012).
T163 752-864 Sentence denotes Recent in vitro studies point to a more robust IFN response generated by SARS-CoV-2 compared to its predecessor.
T164 865-971 Sentence denotes Epithelial cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 displayed better IFN response than cells infected with SARS-CoV.
T165 972-1097 Sentence denotes This IFN response was STAT1 phosphorylation-dependent with subsequent expression of antiviral ISGs (Lokugamage et al., 2020).
T166 1098-1363 Sentence denotes In line with these in vitro findings, transcriptome data from bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) taken from 8 COVID-19 patients revealed extensive upregulation of about 83 ISGs, suggesting robust IFN response generated against SARS-CoV-2 (Zhou Z. et al., 2020).
T167 1364-1584 Sentence denotes Further, a study by Ziegler et al. (2020) suggested that ACE2 may also act as a type of ISG in some respiratory epithelial cells; this may point towards using ACE2 modulators as viable therapeutic options for SARS-CoV-2.
T168 1585-1724 Sentence denotes Based on the recent clinical data on COVID-19 patients, we can infer that mild/moderate patients should possess optimal early IFN response.
T169 1725-1863 Sentence denotes Whereas, weak or delayed IFN response may be the tipping point in eliciting hyperinflammatory state, allowing extensive viral propagation.
T170 1864-2056 Sentence denotes Previous studies in animal models have shown that early IFN response was the determining factor in inhibiting viral propagation and attenuating disease condition (Channappanavar et al., 2016).
T171 2057-2206 Sentence denotes In line with this, a recent study has shown that COVID-19 patients with mild/moderate conditions possess functional type I and type III IFN response.
T172 2207-2324 Sentence denotes Specifically, patients with mild/moderate symptoms have adequate levels of IFNA transcript and protein in the plasma.
T173 2325-2544 Sentence denotes The presence of detectable IFN levels in these subsets of patients was also associated with the expression of downstream signaling receptors and molecules like IFNAR1, JAK1, and TYK2, suggesting functional IFN response.
T174 2545-2672 Sentence denotes However, no IFNB mRNA or protein was detected, while optimal levels of IFN-λ were detected both at the mRNA and protein levels.
T175 2673-2817 Sentence denotes Expectedly, the levels of type I and type III IFNs positively correlated with the viral load and severity of the disease (Hadjadj et al., 2020).
T176 2818-3065 Sentence denotes In agreement with the critical role of early IFN response in attenuating infectious state, another study finds that cells pre-treated with IFN-β or IFN-λ exhibit resistance to SARS-CoV-2 infection by significantly decreasing the virus copy number.
T177 3066-3168 Sentence denotes Similarly, 3D culture organoids pre-treated with either IFN-β or IFN-λ led to reduced viral infection.
T178 3169-3383 Sentence denotes Cells depleted for either IFNAR1 or IFNLR1 had an overall increase in the number of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells, suggesting the integral role of IFN signaling in attenuating viral propagation (Stanifer et al., 2020).
T179 3384-3552 Sentence denotes Further, IFN response was adequate in younger patients compared to older ones, which may partly explain the higher risk of infection in older people (Wei et al., 2020).
T180 3553-3826 Sentence denotes Additionally, people with comorbid conditions like diabetes – a condition associated with impaired IFN response, are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, which further points toward the critical role of IFN signaling in the early clearance of the virus (Erener, 2020).
T181 3827-4038 Sentence denotes However, a comprehensive and longitudinal analysis of the IFN response in mild/moderate patients is warranted to understand the functional consequence of this immune response throughout the disease and recovery.
T182 4039-4336 Sentence denotes Overall, considering the relatively better IFN response and ISG expression induced by SARS-CoV-2, one can argue that this functional immune response is a probable reason for the relatively lower mortality rate seen in COVID-19, compared to previous SARS-CoV and MERS infections (Meo et al., 2020).
T183 4337-4389 Sentence denotes However, these early findings warrant further proof.