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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
102 141-151 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
103 574-579 Species denotes women Tax:9606
104 259-267 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
105 598-606 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
117 686-691 Species denotes women Tax:9606
118 1639-1649 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
119 1746-1756 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
120 1783-1788 Species denotes women Tax:9606
121 1217-1220 Chemical denotes AAP
122 1382-1385 Chemical denotes AAP
123 647-655 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
124 802-810 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
125 1307-1315 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
126 1794-1802 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
127 1895-1903 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
131 2010-2018 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
132 2164-2172 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
133 2587-2595 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
136 2926-2931 Gene denotes mPINC Gene:723792
137 3344-3352 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
141 4668-4675 Species denotes infants Tax:9606
142 4472-4475 Chemical denotes AAP
143 4682-4685 Chemical denotes AAP
147 5104-5109 Gene denotes mPINC Gene:723792
148 5213-5218 Gene denotes mPINC Gene:723792
149 5300-5308 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
154 5510-5515 Species denotes Women Tax:9606
155 5739-5746 Species denotes infants Tax:9606
156 5722-5725 Chemical denotes AAP
157 5544-5552 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
160 6012-6020 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
161 6021-6030 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
163 6215-6224 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
165 6580-6588 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T100 0-10 Sentence denotes Discussion
T101 11-280 Sentence denotes During a 5-week period (July 15–August 20) when many areas of the country were experiencing substantial community transmission of SARS-CoV-2, hospitals were implementing a variety of practices intended to balance evidence-based maternity care with COVID-19-related IPC.
T102 281-607 Sentence denotes Hospital practices are likely evolving along with the pandemic (7), potentially driven by multiple factors, including level of community transmission, guidance from public health and medical professional organizations, and a hospital’s own experience in preparation for or caring for pregnant women and newborns with COVID-19.
T103 608-742 Sentence denotes Various organizations have promulgated COVID-19 guidance on care for pregnant women and newborns, which at times has been conflicting.
T104 743-1158 Sentence denotes The World Health Organization recommends that mothers with COVID-19 be able to practice skin-to-skin care, rooming-in, and direct breastfeeding while wearing a mask, unless they are too ill to do so**; similar guidance is supported by the American Academy of Family Physicians,†† and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists§§ promotes shared decision-making with the mother and the health care team.
T105 1159-1320 Sentence denotes On the other hand, when this survey was launched, CDC and AAP recommended temporary separation of newborns from mothers with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 (8).
T106 1321-1471 Sentence denotes During data collection for this survey, CDC (August 3¶¶) and AAP (July 22***) updated their guidance, supporting maternal autonomy in decision-making.
T107 1472-1572 Sentence denotes Changes in guidance reflect evolving knowledge about the virus and its potential impact on newborns.
T108 1573-1670 Sentence denotes To date, there has been no definitive evidence of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through breast milk.
T109 1671-1908 Sentence denotes In addition, there have been reports of secretory immunoglobulin A against SARS-CoV-2 in breast milk samples of women with COVID-19, suggesting that breastfeeding might be particularly important for newborns of mothers with COVID-19 (9).
T110 1909-2137 Sentence denotes One third of hospitals in this study reported not having cared for any neonates born to mothers with COVID-19; however, others had extensive experience, including 17 hospitals reporting caring for at least 100 of these newborns.
T111 2138-2365 Sentence denotes Follow-up of mothers with COVID-19 delivering at three large New York birth hospitals found reduced breastfeeding rates both in the hospital and after returning home among mothers who had been separated from their newborns (7).
T112 2366-2622 Sentence denotes After identification of this finding, and the observed stress among mothers and newborns as a result of separation, the hospital system revised its policy and began to allow asymptomatic mothers with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 to room-in and breastfeed.
T113 2623-2742 Sentence denotes Nearly one in five hospitals in this study reported that in-person lactation support had decreased during the pandemic.
T114 2743-2969 Sentence denotes Approximately 60% of hospitals in this study reported offering in-person breastfeeding consultations postdischarge, compared with 69% of hospitals reporting offering this in the 2018 mPINC survey (CDC, unpublished data, 2020).
T115 2970-3238 Sentence denotes Lactation specialists working in health care settings should follow recommended IPC measures for those settings.††† Nearly one half of hospitals reported offering virtual breastfeeding consultations; however, no data are available on this practice before the pandemic.
T116 3239-3353 Sentence denotes Notably, these changes in lactation support affect newborns broadly, not just those born to mothers with COVID-19.
T117 3354-3539 Sentence denotes Approximately equal numbers of hospitals reported that their exclusive breastfeeding rates had increased and decreased; the majority reported the rate had stayed approximately the same.
T118 3540-3582 Sentence denotes The reasons for these changes are unknown.
T119 3583-3726 Sentence denotes However, the pandemic could contribute to reduced breastfeeding as a result of maternal/newborn separation and reductions in lactation support.
T120 3727-4097 Sentence denotes On the other hand, the visitor restriction policies implemented by many hospitals could potentially provide more opportunities for breastfeeding and for a mother to learn her newborn’s feeding cues.§§§ Longer-term monitoring of exclusive breastfeeding rates at hospital discharge will be important to assess as one measure of the impact of the pandemic on infant health.
T121 4098-4233 Sentence denotes Approximately three fourths of hospitals reported discharging mothers and their newborns <48 hours after birth because of the pandemic.
T122 4234-4681 Sentence denotes No standard length of stay for the birth hospitalization exists, but the Newborn Mothers’ Health and Protection Act of 1996 prohibits the restriction of benefits to <48 hours for a vaginal delivery or <96 hours for a cesarean section.¶¶¶ AAP describes discharge <48 hours after delivery as a “shortened hospital stay” and notes that although it can be accommodated for healthy term newborns, it is not appropriate for all mothers and infants (10).
T132 5882-5921 Sentence denotes What is already known about this topic?
T133 5922-6063 Sentence denotes Evidence-based hospital practices supporting breastfeeding have sometimes conflicted with COVID-19 infection prevention and control measures.
T134 6065-6094 Sentence denotes What is added by this report?
T123 4682-4836 Sentence denotes AAP also recommends that all newborns discharged <48 hours after birth be evaluated by a pediatric health care provider within 48 hours of discharge (10).
T124 4837-5016 Sentence denotes This visit, in part, assesses effective feeding, which might be more critical during the pandemic when breastfeeding mothers might be receiving reduced hospital lactation support.
T125 5017-5087 Sentence denotes The findings in this report are subject to at least three limitations.
T126 5088-5226 Sentence denotes First, although mPINC is a census of all birth hospitals, this survey was only sent to the hospitals that completed the 2018 mPINC survey.
T127 5227-5358 Sentence denotes Second, hospitals used their own definitions for suspected and confirmed COVID-19, and those definitions might have been different.
T128 5359-5430 Sentence denotes Finally, data captured in this survey represent a single point in time.
T129 5431-5509 Sentence denotes Policies and practices likely will continue to change as the pandemic evolves.
T130 5510-5872 Sentence denotes Women with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 who are separated from their newborns and whose newborns are not feeding directly at the breast might need timely, professional, breastfeeding support.**** In addition, AAP advises that infants discharged <48 hours after delivery receive prompt follow-up with a pediatric health care provider to ensure optimal feeding.
T131 5873-5880 Sentence denotes Summary
T135 6095-6248 Sentence denotes During summer 2020, hospitals implemented a variety of practices intended to balance evidence-based maternity care with infection prevention and control.
T136 6249-6428 Sentence denotes Because of the pandemic, 17.9% of hospitals reported that in-person lactation support had decreased, and 72.9% reported discharging mothers and their babies <48 hours after birth.
T137 6430-6483 Sentence denotes What are the implications for public health practice?
T138 6484-6598 Sentence denotes Additional postdischarge breastfeeding support and newborn follow-up might be needed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
T139 6599-6754 Sentence denotes Longer-term monitoring of exclusive breastfeeding rates at hospital discharge will be important for assessing this aspect of the pandemic on infant health.