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PMC:7696151 / 92820-96153 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
2786 455-458 Species denotes SAR Tax:2698737
2787 358-361 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
2788 550-558 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
2789 562-567 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
2790 569-586 Disease denotes Whipple’s disease MESH:D008061
2791 665-673 Disease denotes toxicity MESH:D064420
2793 1003-1006 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
2795 2125-2128 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T241 562-567 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T590 0-2 Sentence denotes 3.
T591 3-24 Sentence denotes Materials and Methods
T592 26-30 Sentence denotes 3.1.
T593 31-46 Sentence denotes Search Strategy
T594 47-255 Sentence denotes According to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic literature search was performed in May 2020 and included all reports published to August 2020.
T595 256-746 Sentence denotes The search was performed on specialized databases (PubMed and Scopus) using different combinations of HCQ and the following keywords: history, discovery, ethnomedical, synthesis, chemical structure, SAR, RAS, biological activity, approved biological activities, antiviral, antiviral mechanism, COVID-19, Q fever, Whipple’s disease, synergistic effects, synergic effects, toxicological effects, toxic effects, toxicity, animal model and antiviral activity, clinical study, preclinical study.
T596 747-854 Sentence denotes We did not request full-text to investigators if not available and we did not try to find unpublished data.
T597 856-860 Sentence denotes 3.2.
T598 861-876 Sentence denotes Study Selection
T599 877-1130 Sentence denotes The manuscript selection was based on the inclusion criteria: preclinical (in vivo) and clinical studies involving the use of HCQ and combinations, only articles published in English and containing keywords in the title or in the abstract were selected.
T600 1131-1398 Sentence denotes Other review articles, meta-analysis, retrospective studies, abstracts, conferences, editorials, letters, conference proceedings, manuscripts without full text available or articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria were not included in this systematic review.
T601 1399-1582 Sentence denotes For selecting the sources, three independent investigators (I.F., F.L., and M.P.) first selected the articles according to the title and abstract and then by analyzing the full-texts.
T602 1583-1749 Sentence denotes In cases of non-consensus, authors tried to resolve any disagreements by discussion or, if necessary, two more independent reviewers were consulted (L.M. and N.D.T.).
T603 1750-1894 Sentence denotes The selected articles were carefully reviewed with the aim of identify or exclude the manuscripts that did not fit the criteria described above.
T604 1895-2005 Sentence denotes Additional papers were added to this review after the analysis of the bibliography from the included articles.
T605 2007-2011 Sentence denotes 3.3.
T606 2012-2027 Sentence denotes Data extraction
T607 2028-2329 Sentence denotes Data were collected and examined by the authors and information from the selected manuscripts on HCQ, as well as study design, experimental models, general mechanisms implicated in antiviral and biological activities, major outcomes doses or concentrations, and route of administration were extracted.
T608 2331-2335 Sentence denotes 3.4.
T609 2336-2369 Sentence denotes Methodological Quality Assessment
T610 2370-2682 Sentence denotes The risk of bias and the quality of the preclinical and clinical investigations were assessed independently by the authors, using a checklist adapted from Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, specifically adjusted for animal intervention study (SYRCLE’s) [171,172] and clinical trials [97].
T611 2683-3002 Sentence denotes The evaluation of the selected studies’ methodological quality was based on the presence or absence of information regarding the main objectives and findings, randomization of the treatment allocation, blinded drug administration, blinded outcome assessment and outcome measurements, as reported in Table 3 and Table 4.
T612 3003-3134 Sentence denotes Only studies that reported a positive judgment in all considered parameters were assessed to be of a higher methodological quality.
T613 3135-3333 Sentence denotes In contrast, the studies that did not wholly fulfil the criteria were included in the medium risk of bias, while those that completely lacked this information were deemed to be at high risk of bias.