PMC:7600245 / 63910-65549
Annnotations
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | fma_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T277 | 325-330 | Body_part | denotes | colon | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14543 |
| T278 | 505-538 | Body_part | denotes | nicotinic acetylcholine receptors | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma61796 |
| T279 | 1336-1340 | Body_part | denotes | cell | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646 |
| T280 | 1341-1351 | Body_part | denotes | lymphocyte | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863 |
| T281 | 1365-1375 | Body_part | denotes | macrophage | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261 |
| T282 | 1457-1467 | Body_part | denotes | neutrophil | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62860 |
| T283 | 1492-1506 | Body_part | denotes | dendritic cell | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma273565 |
| T284 | 1502-1506 | Body_part | denotes | cell | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646 |
| T285 | 1564-1583 | Body_part | denotes | alveolar macrophage | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma83023 |
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | uberon_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T29 | 325-330 | Body_part | denotes | colon | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001155 |
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | mondo_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T300 | 248-268 | Disease | denotes | rheumatoid arthritis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008383 |
| T301 | 259-268 | Disease | denotes | arthritis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005578 |
| T302 | 325-337 | Disease | denotes | colon cancer | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021063 |
| T303 | 331-337 | Disease | denotes | cancer | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004992 |
| T304 | 433-443 | Disease | denotes | ascariasis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005654 |
| T305 | 448-467 | Disease | denotes | hookworm infections | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005799|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019184 |
| T307 | 647-665 | Disease | denotes | nephrotic syndrome | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005377 |
| T308 | 1151-1159 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
LitCovid-PD-CLO
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T646 | 23-24 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T647 | 80-83 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
| T648 | 202-203 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T649 | 325-330 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001155 | denotes | colon |
| T650 | 349-352 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001196 | denotes | 225 |
| T651 | 592-593 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T652 | 673-674 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | A |
| T653 | 705-708 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
| T654 | 797-798 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T655 | 939-944 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
| T656 | 984-987 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
| T657 | 1211-1214 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
| T658 | 1334-1340 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 | denotes | T-cell |
| T659 | 1391-1394 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
| T660 | 1492-1506 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000451 | denotes | dendritic cell |
| T661 | 1611-1616 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | chebi_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T45211 | 36-51 | Chemical | denotes | imidazothiazole | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48909 |
| T38211 | 222-226 | Chemical | denotes | drug | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 |
| T43147 | 306-320 | Chemical | denotes | 5-fluorouracil | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46345 |
| T23109 | 393-405 | Chemical | denotes | anthelmintic | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35443 |
| T3457 | 515-528 | Chemical | denotes | acetylcholine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15355 |
| T84632 | 592-601 | Chemical | denotes | a steroid | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 |
| T31185 | 629-636 | Chemical | denotes | steroid | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 |
| T38126 | 724-734 | Chemical | denotes | levamisole | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6432 |
| T19308 | 1043-1053 | Chemical | denotes | levamisole | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6432 |
| T72066 | 1100-1110 | Chemical | denotes | budesonide | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3207 |
| T64107 | 1111-1121 | Chemical | denotes | formoterol | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5147 |
| T70057 | 1542-1552 | Chemical | denotes | levamisole | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6432 |
LitCovid-PD-GO-BP
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T128 | 1365-1386 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048246 | denotes | macrophage chemotaxis |
| T129 | 1376-1386 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006935 | denotes | chemotaxis |
| T130 | 1457-1478 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030593 | denotes | neutrophil chemotaxis |
| T131 | 1468-1478 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006935 | denotes | chemotaxis |
| T132 | 1502-1517 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 | denotes | cell maturation |
LitCovid-PD-HP
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | hp_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T79 | 248-268 | Phenotype | denotes | rheumatoid arthritis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001370 |
| T80 | 325-337 | Phenotype | denotes | colon cancer | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0003003 |
| T81 | 647-665 | Phenotype | denotes | nephrotic syndrome | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000100 |
LitCovid-sentences
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T491 | 0-5 | Sentence | denotes | 4.13. |
| T492 | 6-16 | Sentence | denotes | Levamisole |
| T493 | 17-130 | Sentence | denotes | It is a tetrahydro-imidazothiazole derivative (Figure S6) that has been used for its immunomodulatory properties. |
| T494 | 131-174 | Sentence | denotes | It was first introduced by Janssen in 1969. |
| T495 | 175-283 | Sentence | denotes | Ever since, it was used as a disease-modifying drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis [222,223,224]. |
| T496 | 284-354 | Sentence | denotes | It was also used with 5-fluorouracil for colon cancer treatment [225]. |
| T497 | 355-545 | Sentence | denotes | Currently, it is primarily used as an anthelmintic agent for the treatment of ascariasis and hookworm infections owing to its effect on the parasitic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors [226]. |
| T498 | 546-672 | Sentence | denotes | It is also used by pediatric nephrologists as a steroid-sparing agent in childhood steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome [227]. |
| T499 | 673-951 | Sentence | denotes | A recent computational exercise has suggested that levamisole potentially binds to the catalytic domain of the viral PLpro, a viral enzyme that processes the newly biosynthesized viral polyproteins and eventually contributes to the maturation and infectivity of the virus [228]. |
| T500 | 952-1011 | Sentence | denotes | Yet, no experimental validation has been reported thus far. |
| T501 | 1012-1183 | Sentence | denotes | As of now, orally administered levamisole is being studied alone or in combination with budesonide/formoterol inhaler for the treatment of COVID-19 in few clinical trials. |
| T502 | 1184-1260 | Sentence | denotes | The rationale for this use has been because of its immunomodulatory effects. |
| T503 | 1261-1387 | Sentence | denotes | Levamisole acts as an immune-modulator and immune-enhancer by increasing T-cell lymphocyte function and macrophage chemotaxis. |
| T504 | 1388-1528 | Sentence | denotes | It has also been shown to up-regulate toll-like receptors, stimulate neutrophil chemotaxis, and enhance dendritic cell maturation [229,230]. |
| T505 | 1529-1639 | Sentence | denotes | Furthermore, levamisole attenuated alveolar macrophage dysfunction in respiratory virus-infected calves [231]. |
LitCovid-PubTator
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | tao:has_database_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 6-16 | Chemical | denotes | Levamisole | MESH:D007978 |
| 2014 | 25-51 | Chemical | denotes | tetrahydro-imidazothiazole | |
| 2015 | 306-320 | Chemical | denotes | 5-fluorouracil | MESH:D005472 |
| 2016 | 515-528 | Chemical | denotes | acetylcholine | MESH:D000109 |
| 2017 | 594-601 | Chemical | denotes | steroid | MESH:D013256 |
| 2018 | 629-636 | Chemical | denotes | steroid | MESH:D013256 |
| 2019 | 248-268 | Disease | denotes | rheumatoid arthritis | MESH:D001172 |
| 2020 | 325-337 | Disease | denotes | colon cancer | MESH:D015179 |
| 2021 | 433-443 | Disease | denotes | ascariasis | MESH:D001196 |
| 2022 | 457-467 | Disease | denotes | infections | MESH:D007239 |
| 2023 | 647-665 | Disease | denotes | nephrotic syndrome | MESH:D009404 |
| 2035 | 790-795 | Gene | denotes | PLpro | Gene:43740578 |
| 2036 | 1626-1632 | Species | denotes | calves | Tax:9913 |
| 2037 | 724-734 | Chemical | denotes | levamisole | MESH:D007978 |
| 2038 | 1043-1053 | Chemical | denotes | levamisole | MESH:D007978 |
| 2039 | 1100-1110 | Chemical | denotes | budesonide | MESH:D019819 |
| 2040 | 1111-1121 | Chemical | denotes | formoterol | MESH:D000068759 |
| 2041 | 1261-1271 | Chemical | denotes | Levamisole | MESH:D007978 |
| 2042 | 1542-1552 | Chemical | denotes | levamisole | MESH:D007978 |
| 2043 | 1151-1159 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
| 2044 | 1553-1595 | Disease | denotes | attenuated alveolar macrophage dysfunction | MESH:C538265 |
| 2045 | 1599-1625 | Disease | denotes | respiratory virus-infected |