PMC:7589389 / 32089-33736 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":830,"end":834},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A9","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456"}],"text":"To address the endogeneity concerns, we apply a two-stage least squares (2SLS) instrumental variable approach. In the first-stage regression, we regress the continued increase of public health threats on two instrument variables (IMMIGRANT and EMIGRANT). Here, IMMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial immigrants to the national immigrants; and EMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial emigrants to national emigrants. The daily mobility data is collected from the Baidu Migration website. Based on Jia et al. [10] and Kraemer et al.’s [9] findings, we argue that when the provincial immigrant (emigrant) rate is increased, the new COVID-19 cases are more (less) likely to be confirmed for the out-in (in-out) human mobility, enhancing (decreasing) the likelihood to face the continued increasing public health threats. We report the first-stage regression results in Column (A) of Table 7, where we regression CIPHT on all two instruments and the control variables added in the second-stage regression. We find that the coefficient of EMIGRANT is negative and significant, which consistent with our conjecture. Columns (B) and (C) of Table 7 report the second-stage regression results. We find that the coefficient of Predicted_CIPHT, estimated from the first-stage regression, is negatively and significantly associated with CAR [−1, 1] and CAR [−2, 2], respectively. Accordingly, the robust results based on the 2SLS approach mitigate endogeneity concerns and strengthen the main inference that continued increasing public health threats significantly influence market performance."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":830,"end":834},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A14","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24728"}],"text":"To address the endogeneity concerns, we apply a two-stage least squares (2SLS) instrumental variable approach. In the first-stage regression, we regress the continued increase of public health threats on two instrument variables (IMMIGRANT and EMIGRANT). Here, IMMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial immigrants to the national immigrants; and EMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial emigrants to national emigrants. The daily mobility data is collected from the Baidu Migration website. Based on Jia et al. [10] and Kraemer et al.’s [9] findings, we argue that when the provincial immigrant (emigrant) rate is increased, the new COVID-19 cases are more (less) likely to be confirmed for the out-in (in-out) human mobility, enhancing (decreasing) the likelihood to face the continued increasing public health threats. We report the first-stage regression results in Column (A) of Table 7, where we regression CIPHT on all two instruments and the control variables added in the second-stage regression. We find that the coefficient of EMIGRANT is negative and significant, which consistent with our conjecture. Columns (B) and (C) of Table 7 report the second-stage regression results. We find that the coefficient of Predicted_CIPHT, estimated from the first-stage regression, is negatively and significantly associated with CAR [−1, 1] and CAR [−2, 2], respectively. Accordingly, the robust results based on the 2SLS approach mitigate endogeneity concerns and strengthen the main inference that continued increasing public health threats significantly influence market performance."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T70","span":{"begin":695,"end":703},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A70","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T70","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"}],"text":"To address the endogeneity concerns, we apply a two-stage least squares (2SLS) instrumental variable approach. In the first-stage regression, we regress the continued increase of public health threats on two instrument variables (IMMIGRANT and EMIGRANT). Here, IMMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial immigrants to the national immigrants; and EMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial emigrants to national emigrants. The daily mobility data is collected from the Baidu Migration website. Based on Jia et al. [10] and Kraemer et al.’s [9] findings, we argue that when the provincial immigrant (emigrant) rate is increased, the new COVID-19 cases are more (less) likely to be confirmed for the out-in (in-out) human mobility, enhancing (decreasing) the likelihood to face the continued increasing public health threats. We report the first-stage regression results in Column (A) of Table 7, where we regression CIPHT on all two instruments and the control variables added in the second-stage regression. We find that the coefficient of EMIGRANT is negative and significant, which consistent with our conjecture. Columns (B) and (C) of Table 7 report the second-stage regression results. We find that the coefficient of Predicted_CIPHT, estimated from the first-stage regression, is negatively and significantly associated with CAR [−1, 1] and CAR [−2, 2], respectively. Accordingly, the robust results based on the 2SLS approach mitigate endogeneity concerns and strengthen the main inference that continued increasing public health threats significantly influence market performance."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T157","span":{"begin":46,"end":47},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T158","span":{"begin":79,"end":91},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968"},{"id":"T159","span":{"begin":208,"end":218},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968"},{"id":"T160","span":{"begin":597,"end":601},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008935"},{"id":"T161","span":{"begin":773,"end":778},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T162","span":{"begin":830,"end":834},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456"},{"id":"T163","span":{"begin":939,"end":940},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T164","span":{"begin":991,"end":1002},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968"},{"id":"T165","span":{"begin":1184,"end":1185},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T166","span":{"begin":1390,"end":1397},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009955"},{"id":"T167","span":{"begin":1406,"end":1409},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002199"},{"id":"T168","span":{"begin":1412,"end":1416},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507"}],"text":"To address the endogeneity concerns, we apply a two-stage least squares (2SLS) instrumental variable approach. In the first-stage regression, we regress the continued increase of public health threats on two instrument variables (IMMIGRANT and EMIGRANT). Here, IMMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial immigrants to the national immigrants; and EMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial emigrants to national emigrants. The daily mobility data is collected from the Baidu Migration website. Based on Jia et al. [10] and Kraemer et al.’s [9] findings, we argue that when the provincial immigrant (emigrant) rate is increased, the new COVID-19 cases are more (less) likely to be confirmed for the out-in (in-out) human mobility, enhancing (decreasing) the likelihood to face the continued increasing public health threats. We report the first-stage regression results in Column (A) of Table 7, where we regression CIPHT on all two instruments and the control variables added in the second-stage regression. We find that the coefficient of EMIGRANT is negative and significant, which consistent with our conjecture. Columns (B) and (C) of Table 7 report the second-stage regression results. We find that the coefficient of Predicted_CIPHT, estimated from the first-stage regression, is negatively and significantly associated with CAR [−1, 1] and CAR [−2, 2], respectively. Accordingly, the robust results based on the 2SLS approach mitigate endogeneity concerns and strengthen the main inference that continued increasing public health threats significantly influence market performance."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T232","span":{"begin":0,"end":110},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T233","span":{"begin":111,"end":254},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T234","span":{"begin":255,"end":481},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T235","span":{"begin":482,"end":552},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T236","span":{"begin":553,"end":882},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T237","span":{"begin":883,"end":1066},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T238","span":{"begin":1067,"end":1174},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T239","span":{"begin":1175,"end":1249},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T240","span":{"begin":1250,"end":1432},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T241","span":{"begin":1433,"end":1647},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"To address the endogeneity concerns, we apply a two-stage least squares (2SLS) instrumental variable approach. In the first-stage regression, we regress the continued increase of public health threats on two instrument variables (IMMIGRANT and EMIGRANT). Here, IMMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial immigrants to the national immigrants; and EMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial emigrants to national emigrants. The daily mobility data is collected from the Baidu Migration website. Based on Jia et al. [10] and Kraemer et al.’s [9] findings, we argue that when the provincial immigrant (emigrant) rate is increased, the new COVID-19 cases are more (less) likely to be confirmed for the out-in (in-out) human mobility, enhancing (decreasing) the likelihood to face the continued increasing public health threats. We report the first-stage regression results in Column (A) of Table 7, where we regression CIPHT on all two instruments and the control variables added in the second-stage regression. We find that the coefficient of EMIGRANT is negative and significant, which consistent with our conjecture. Columns (B) and (C) of Table 7 report the second-stage regression results. We find that the coefficient of Predicted_CIPHT, estimated from the first-stage regression, is negatively and significantly associated with CAR [−1, 1] and CAR [−2, 2], respectively. Accordingly, the robust results based on the 2SLS approach mitigate endogeneity concerns and strengthen the main inference that continued increasing public health threats significantly influence market performance."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"205","span":{"begin":244,"end":252},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"206","span":{"begin":377,"end":385},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"207","span":{"begin":449,"end":458},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"208","span":{"begin":471,"end":480},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"209","span":{"begin":658,"end":666},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"210","span":{"begin":773,"end":778},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"211","span":{"begin":1099,"end":1107},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"212","span":{"begin":974,"end":979},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"213","span":{"begin":695,"end":703},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A205","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"205","obj":"Tax:320267"},{"id":"A206","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"206","obj":"Tax:320267"},{"id":"A207","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"207","obj":"Tax:320267"},{"id":"A208","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"208","obj":"Tax:320267"},{"id":"A209","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"209","obj":"Tax:320267"},{"id":"A210","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"210","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A211","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"211","obj":"Tax:320267"},{"id":"A213","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"213","obj":"MESH:C000657245"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"To address the endogeneity concerns, we apply a two-stage least squares (2SLS) instrumental variable approach. In the first-stage regression, we regress the continued increase of public health threats on two instrument variables (IMMIGRANT and EMIGRANT). Here, IMMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial immigrants to the national immigrants; and EMIGRANT is the six-day mean value of the ratio of the daily provincial emigrants to national emigrants. The daily mobility data is collected from the Baidu Migration website. Based on Jia et al. [10] and Kraemer et al.’s [9] findings, we argue that when the provincial immigrant (emigrant) rate is increased, the new COVID-19 cases are more (less) likely to be confirmed for the out-in (in-out) human mobility, enhancing (decreasing) the likelihood to face the continued increasing public health threats. We report the first-stage regression results in Column (A) of Table 7, where we regression CIPHT on all two instruments and the control variables added in the second-stage regression. We find that the coefficient of EMIGRANT is negative and significant, which consistent with our conjecture. Columns (B) and (C) of Table 7 report the second-stage regression results. We find that the coefficient of Predicted_CIPHT, estimated from the first-stage regression, is negatively and significantly associated with CAR [−1, 1] and CAR [−2, 2], respectively. Accordingly, the robust results based on the 2SLS approach mitigate endogeneity concerns and strengthen the main inference that continued increasing public health threats significantly influence market performance."}