PMC:7561283 / 1957-5156 JSONTXT

{"target":"http://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7561283","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7561283","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7561283","text":"INTRODUCTION\nAt the beginning of 2020, a new coronavirus, namely SARS-CoV-2, has started to spread worldwide leading to the so-called CoViD-19 pandemic (1). Considering that SARS-CoV-2 is an air-born pathogen but can also spread through surfaces, hand sanitisation has become a primary infection prevention measure (2). As health agencies around the world have started to recommend the use of alcohol-based hand rubs (ABHRs), the demand and sale of such products skyrocketed, leading to sudden shortages of this commodity in most markets (3).\nIn Europe, many businesses have increased their production of ABHRs, while others have even shifted their manufacturing lines to ABHRs (4). In this run to produce hand sanitisers, the risk of substandard products being introduced into the market could be a reality. The European Community (EC) stated that “a steep increase in the submission to the Cosmetics Product Notification Portal” was notified to the EC, urging the issue of a clear guidance on legislation for production of leave-on hand cleaners and hand disinfectants (4). It is emphasised in this guidance that hand sanitisers aiming at protecting public health by disinfecting should follow the legislation of biocidal products. Cosmetic hand sanitisers are instead supposed to clean and not disinfect. Thus, companies must be aware that “hand disinfectants” are subject to rules established under the biocidal products—and not cosmetics products—regulation.\nIndividuals from the general public are unlikely to distinguish between cosmetic and biocidal hand sanitisers. If a cosmetic ABHR is used improperly for the purpose of disinfection, then this product becomes, practically, a substandard product. Disinfection in ABHRs is dependent on alcoholic concentration. Health agencies recommend that hand disinfectants must contain 60–95% (v/v) ethanol (5–7). Keeping this alcoholic range as the reference concentration to ensure disinfection efficacy there is a risk that cosmetic products, which are not disinfectants but might be improperly used as disinfectants, do not need to have the alcoholic concentration stated in the label and could contain ethanol in concentrations lower than the aforementioned range. In this case, the product may not be effective in killing pathogenic microorganisms. We reached this conclusion in our recently published review on hand sanitisers (3), provoking further questions that inspired the current original research. These new questions that we address here are as follows: (i) do biocidal hand sanitisers contain as much ethanol as stated in the label? and (ii) what is the actual ethanolic content in cosmetic hand sanitisers (being not mandatorily reported in the label)? Is the ethanolic content within or below the range recommended by health agencies to ensure disinfection?\nIn view to ultimately safeguard consumers, we probe here the concentration of ethanol in seven commercial ethanol-based hand sanitiser gels purchased in the Italian market, two biocides and five cosmetic products, comparing the obtained results with label claims. We also assess their antibacterial properties as a preliminary result of their potential disinfection ability.","divisions":[{"label":"title","span":{"begin":0,"end":12}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":13,"end":542}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":543,"end":1463}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1464,"end":2824}}],"tracks":[{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":237,"end":251},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":247,"end":251},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":407,"end":411},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":706,"end":710},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1034,"end":1038},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1052,"end":1056},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1115,"end":1119},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1243,"end":1247},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1344,"end":1348},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1558,"end":1562},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":1803,"end":1807},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":2367,"end":2371},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":2534,"end":2538},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":2656,"end":2660},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":2945,"end":2949},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A10","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma25240"},{"id":"A11","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A12","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A13","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A14","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A15","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A16","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A17","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A18","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T18","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A19","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T19","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A20","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T20","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A21","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T21","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A22","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A23","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"id":"A24","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T14","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T15","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T16","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T17","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T18","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T19","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T22","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T23","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"},{"subj":"T24","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":247,"end":251},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":407,"end":411},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":706,"end":710},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1034,"end":1038},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1052,"end":1056},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1115,"end":1119},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1243,"end":1247},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1344,"end":1348},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1558,"end":1562},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1803,"end":1807},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":2367,"end":2371},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":2534,"end":2538},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":2656,"end":2660},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":2945,"end":2949},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A10","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A11","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A12","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A13","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A14","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A15","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A16","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A17","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A18","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T18","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A19","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T19","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A20","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T20","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A21","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T21","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A22","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"id":"A23","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T14","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T15","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T16","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T17","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T18","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T19","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T22","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"},{"subj":"T23","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":65,"end":73},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":134,"end":142},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":174,"end":182},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":286,"end":295},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A4","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A5","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A6","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A7","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"subj":"T4","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T5","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T6","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":39,"end":40},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":77,"end":80},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":265,"end":268},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":276,"end":277},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":798,"end":799},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":833,"end":835},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002878"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":850,"end":851},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":951,"end":953},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002878"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":975,"end":976},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1578,"end":1579},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1686,"end":1687},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1964,"end":1965},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":2132,"end":2137},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":2591,"end":2606},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007226"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":2711,"end":2716},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":3075,"end":3080},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":3138,"end":3139},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T14","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T15","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T16","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T17","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T18","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T19","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T22","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T23","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T24","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":393,"end":400},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1057,"end":1070},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1349,"end":1362},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1433,"end":1442},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1536,"end":1544},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":1580,"end":1588},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":1808,"end":1821},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":1848,"end":1855},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":1976,"end":1984},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":2009,"end":2022},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":2055,"end":2068},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":2132,"end":2137},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":2156,"end":2163},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":2566,"end":2573},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":2591,"end":2596},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":2647,"end":2655},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":2711,"end":2716},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":2871,"end":2876},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":2903,"end":2910},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":2931,"end":2938},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":3020,"end":3028},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":3075,"end":3080},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A14","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16236"},{"id":"A15","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30879"},{"id":"A16","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48219"},{"id":"A17","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48219"},{"id":"A18","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T18","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64857"},{"id":"A19","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T19","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64857"},{"id":"A20","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T20","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64857"},{"id":"A21","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T21","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48219"},{"id":"A22","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16236"},{"id":"A23","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64857"},{"id":"A24","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48219"},{"id":"A25","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48219"},{"id":"A26","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35209"},{"id":"A27","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16236"},{"id":"A28","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T28","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16236"},{"id":"A29","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T29","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35209"},{"id":"A30","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T30","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64857"},{"id":"A31","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T31","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35209"},{"id":"A32","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T32","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50406"},{"id":"A33","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T33","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16236"},{"id":"A34","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T34","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16236"},{"id":"A35","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T35","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64857"},{"id":"A36","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T36","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35209"},{"subj":"T14","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T16","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T17","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T18","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T19","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T22","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T23","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T24","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T25","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T26","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T27","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T28","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T29","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T30","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T31","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T32","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T33","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T34","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T35","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T36","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"29","span":{"begin":418,"end":423},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"30","span":{"begin":41,"end":56},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"31","span":{"begin":65,"end":75},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"32","span":{"begin":174,"end":184},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"33","span":{"begin":393,"end":400},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"34","span":{"begin":134,"end":142},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"35","span":{"begin":286,"end":295},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"39","span":{"begin":1848,"end":1855},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"40","span":{"begin":2156,"end":2163},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"41","span":{"begin":2566,"end":2573},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"44","span":{"begin":2903,"end":2910},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"45","span":{"begin":2931,"end":2938},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A30","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"30","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A31","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"31","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A32","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"32","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A33","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"33","obj":"MESH:D000438"},{"id":"A34","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"34","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A35","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"35","obj":"MESH:D007239"},{"id":"A39","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"39","obj":"MESH:D000431"},{"id":"A40","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"40","obj":"MESH:D000431"},{"id":"A41","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"41","obj":"MESH:D000431"},{"id":"A44","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"44","obj":"MESH:D000431"},{"id":"A45","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"45","obj":"MESH:D000431"},{"subj":"29","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"30","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"31","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"32","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"33","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"34","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"35","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"39","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"40","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"41","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"44","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"45","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":1452,"end":1462},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T2","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":0,"end":12},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":13,"end":156},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":157,"end":319},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":320,"end":542},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":543,"end":682},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":683,"end":808},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":809,"end":1075},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1076,"end":1233},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1234,"end":1307},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1308,"end":1463},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":1464,"end":1574},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1575,"end":1708},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":1709,"end":1771},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":1772,"end":1862},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":1863,"end":2218},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":2219,"end":2303},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":2304,"end":2460},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":2461,"end":2718},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":2719,"end":2824},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":2825,"end":3088},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":3089,"end":3199},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T19","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T22","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T23","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T24","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T25","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T26","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T27","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T28","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T29","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T30","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T31","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T32","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T33","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T34","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T35","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T36","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T37","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T38","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T39","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"}]},{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"33063151-31978945-27350","span":{"begin":153,"end":154},"obj":"31978945"},{"id":"33063151-32461194-27351","span":{"begin":539,"end":540},"obj":"32461194"},{"id":"33063151-32461194-27352","span":{"begin":2384,"end":2385},"obj":"32461194"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"33063151-31978945-27350","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"33063151-32461194-27351","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"33063151-32461194-27352","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","color":"#93ece2","default":true},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","color":"#ecc893"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","color":"#ae93ec"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","color":"#93ec94"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","color":"#ec93ac"},{"id":"LitCovid-PubTator","color":"#93c6ec"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","color":"#e0ec93"},{"id":"LitCovid-sentences","color":"#de93ec"},{"id":"2_test","color":"#93ecc4"}]}]}}