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LitCovid_Glycan-Motif-Structure

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 4915-4918 https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G00063MO denotes CAD
T2 6808-6811 https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G00063MO denotes CAD

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 26-36 Body_part denotes Glycocalyx http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66838
T2 565-576 Body_part denotes endothelium http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63916
T3 675-685 Body_part denotes glycocalyx http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66838
T4 729-746 Body_part denotes endothelial cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66772
T5 741-746 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T6 1121-1127 Body_part denotes plasma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62970
T7 1132-1137 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63083
T8 1665-1670 Body_part denotes Organ http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498
T9 1705-1710 Body_part denotes lungs http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68877
T10 2209-2217 Body_part denotes syndecan http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63021
T11 2268-2290 Body_part denotes transmembrane proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67858
T12 2303-2313 Body_part denotes glycocalyx http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66838
T13 3454-3471 Body_part denotes endothelial cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66772
T14 3466-3471 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T15 3600-3605 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63083
T16 3763-3778 Body_part denotes heparan sulfate http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63023
T17 3780-3782 Body_part denotes HS http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63023
T18 3898-3900 Body_part denotes HS http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63023
T19 4328-4330 Body_part denotes HS http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63023
T20 4348-4353 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63083
T21 4376-4381 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T22 4446-4451 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T23 4511-4516 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63083
T24 5630-5644 Body_part denotes Norepinephrine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma61799
T25 5844-5849 Body_part denotes Organ http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498
T26 5933-5945 Body_part denotes thrombocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62851
T27 5961-5966 Body_part denotes Liver http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7197
T28 6029-6043 Body_part denotes norepinephrine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma61799
T29 6376-6386 Body_part denotes Troponin T http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67900
T30 6376-6384 Body_part denotes Troponin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62338
T31 6791-6795 Body_part denotes body http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135
T32 6814-6829 Body_part denotes coronary artery http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma49893
T33 6856-6861 Body_part denotes heart http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7088
T34 6885-6891 Body_part denotes kidney http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7203
T35 6918-6925 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T36 7207-7212 Body_part denotes Organ http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498
T37 7900-7910 Body_part denotes glycocalyx http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66838
T38 8026-8034 Body_part denotes syndecan http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63021
T39 8116-8124 Body_part denotes syndecan http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63021
T40 8833-8843 Body_part denotes glycocalyx http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66838
T41 9042-9052 Body_part denotes glycocalyx http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66838
T42 9363-9378 Body_part denotes heparan sulfate http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63023
T43 9380-9382 Body_part denotes HS http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63023
T44 9406-9423 Body_part denotes endothelial cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66772
T45 9418-9423 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T46 9448-9450 Body_part denotes HS http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63023
T47 9510-9515 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63083
T48 9681-9683 Body_part denotes HS http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63023
T49 9689-9699 Body_part denotes glycocalyx http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66838
T50 9709-9714 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T51 9737-9742 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63083
T52 9768-9785 Body_part denotes endothelial cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66772
T53 9780-9785 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T54 9803-9805 Body_part denotes HS http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63023
T55 9883-9888 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63083
T56 10602-10607 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T57 10809-10814 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T58 11169-11177 Body_part denotes syndecan http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63021
T59 11213-11218 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T60 11281-11303 Body_part denotes transmembrane proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67858
T61 11454-11459 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T62 11600-11602 Body_part denotes HS http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63023
T63 11653-11660 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T64 11830-11835 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63083
T65 12184-12194 Body_part denotes glycocalyx http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66838
T66 12572-12576 Body_part denotes Lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 565-576 Body_part denotes endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986
T2 1132-1137 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001977
T3 1665-1670 Body_part denotes Organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062
T4 3030-3040 Body_part denotes sublingual http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001275
T5 3600-3605 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001977
T6 4348-4353 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001977
T7 4511-4516 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001977
T8 5844-5849 Body_part denotes Organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062
T9 5961-5966 Body_part denotes Liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002107
T10 6814-6829 Body_part denotes coronary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001621
T11 6823-6829 Body_part denotes artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637
T12 6856-6861 Body_part denotes heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948
T13 6885-6891 Body_part denotes kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113
T14 6990-6995 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T15 7207-7212 Body_part denotes Organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062
T16 9510-9515 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001977
T17 9737-9742 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001977
T18 9883-9888 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001977
T19 10602-10607 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T20 10809-10814 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T21 11105-11115 Body_part denotes sublingual http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001275
T22 11213-11218 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T23 11454-11459 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T24 11830-11835 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001977
T25 12572-12576 Body_part denotes Lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 0-6 Disease denotes Injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T2 69-77 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T3 94-141 Disease denotes Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T4 143-151 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T5 197-205 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T6 508-516 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T7 645-653 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T8 1002-1008 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T9 1065-1073 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T10 1211-1246 Disease denotes acute respiratory distress syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T11 1217-1246 Disease denotes respiratory distress syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009971
T12 1852-1858 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T13 1927-1935 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T14 2023-2031 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T15 2101-2109 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T16 2601-2609 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T17 2715-2723 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T18 2812-2820 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T19 2968-2974 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T20 3296-3304 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T21 3580-3588 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T22 3830-3838 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T23 3959-3967 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T24 4079-4087 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T25 4339-4347 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T26 4534-4542 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T27 4873-4879 Disease denotes Asthma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004979
T28 4888-4891 Disease denotes HTN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005044
T29 4902-4905 Disease denotes CHF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005009
T30 4915-4918 Disease denotes CAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005010|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0018922
T32 4927-4935 Disease denotes Diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005015
T33 4945-4948 Disease denotes CKD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005300
T34 4957-4964 Disease denotes Obesity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011122
T35 6207-6210 Disease denotes PCT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008296|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015104
T37 6808-6811 Disease denotes CAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005010|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0018922
T39 6814-6837 Disease denotes coronary artery disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005010
T40 6823-6837 Disease denotes artery disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000473
T41 6839-6842 Disease denotes CHF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005009
T42 6845-6869 Disease denotes congestive heart failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005009
T43 6856-6869 Disease denotes heart failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005252
T44 6871-6874 Disease denotes CKD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005300
T45 6877-6899 Disease denotes chronic kidney disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005300
T46 6885-6899 Disease denotes kidney disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001343|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005240
T48 6997-7000 Disease denotes HTN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005044
T49 7003-7015 Disease denotes hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005044
T50 7101-7104 Disease denotes PCT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008296|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015104
T52 7874-7880 Disease denotes Injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T53 7942-7950 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T54 8082-8090 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T55 8165-8173 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T56 8247-8255 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T57 8313-8321 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T58 8471-8479 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T59 8570-8578 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T60 8668-8676 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T61 8713-8721 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T62 8942-8950 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T63 8982-8990 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T64 9534-9542 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T65 9728-9736 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T66 9874-9882 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T67 10094-10100 Disease denotes Injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T68 10142-10150 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T69 10296-10302 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T70 10430-10436 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T71 10454-10462 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T72 10898-10904 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T73 11020-11026 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T74 11037-11045 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T75 11754-11762 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T76 11821-11829 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T77 11980-11986 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T78 12067-12075 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T79 12146-12154 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T80 12168-12174 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 234-235 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T2 347-348 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T3 406-409 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T4 565-576 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986 denotes endothelium
T5 602-603 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T6 729-746 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 denotes endothelial cells
T7 921-925 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053799 denotes 4, 5
T8 967-972 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T9 1121-1127 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001969 denotes plasma
T10 1267-1272 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T11 1593-1594 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T12 1665-1670 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 denotes Organ
T13 1705-1710 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lungs
T14 2414-2422 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T15 2953-2963 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activation
T16 3012-3018 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T17 3206-3207 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T18 3417-3418 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T19 3454-3471 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 denotes endothelial cells
T20 3473-3476 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 denotes ECs
T21 3930-3932 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 34
T22 4099-4102 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 denotes ECs
T23 4247-4248 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T24 4271-4273 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002878 denotes EC
T25 4376-4381 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T26 4446-4451 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T27 4484-4487 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 denotes ECs
T28 4746-4748 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053799 denotes 45
T29 4771-4773 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T30 4780-4784 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002960 denotes F 1
T31 4910-4912 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T32 4989-4991 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T33 5016-5018 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T34 5340-5342 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509 denotes 27
T35 5780-5782 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T36 5834-5836 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T37 5844-5849 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 denotes Organ
T38 5961-5966 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002107 denotes Liver
T39 5961-5966 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000887 denotes Liver
T40 6197-6200 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001053 denotes 121
T41 6201-6204 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001180 denotes 203
T42 6313-6316 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001414 denotes 548
T43 6412-6414 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T44 6752-6754 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T45 6823-6829 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 denotes artery
T46 6823-6829 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000814 denotes artery
T47 6856-6861 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 denotes heart
T48 6856-6861 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007100 denotes heart
T49 6856-6861 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015228 denotes heart
T50 6856-6861 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000815 denotes heart
T51 6885-6891 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113 denotes kidney
T52 6885-6891 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000927 denotes kidney
T53 6885-6891 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000929 denotes kidney
T54 6949-6957 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T55 7073-7074 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T56 7092-7099 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptide
T57 7207-7212 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 denotes Organ
T58 7353-7354 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T59 7631-7635 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003101 denotes male
T60 7631-7635 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000970 denotes male
T61 7691-7693 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 36
T62 7713-7717 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003101 denotes male
T63 7713-7717 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000970 denotes male
T64 8008-8009 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T65 8023-8024 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T66 8380-8388 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T67 9176-9180 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T68 9199-9205 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T69 9217-9218 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T70 9247-9252 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tests
T71 9258-9259 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T72 9280-9285 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tests
T73 9406-9423 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 denotes endothelial cells
T74 9427-9428 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T75 9519-9520 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T76 9570-9571 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T77 9709-9714 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T78 9768-9785 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 denotes endothelial cells
T79 9995-9998 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T80 10119-10120 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T81 10171-10172 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T82 10229-10230 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T83 10391-10392 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T84 10602-10607 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T85 10602-10607 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T86 10654-10655 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T87 10809-10814 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T88 10809-10814 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T89 10858-10862 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003101 denotes male
T90 10858-10862 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000970 denotes male
T91 10956-10957 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T92 11213-11218 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T93 11213-11218 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T94 11454-11459 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T95 11454-11459 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T96 11564-11572 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T97 11648-11652 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001236 denotes 2, a
T98 11666-11669 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T99 11688-11689 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T100 11859-11862 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 denotes ECs
T101 11955-11956 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T102 12245-12246 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T103 12533-12535 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000265 denotes DA
T104 12572-12576 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes Lung
T105 12572-12576 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes Lung

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 2282-2290 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T2 3763-3778 Chemical denotes heparan sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28815
T3 3763-3770 Chemical denotes heparan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24500
T4 3771-3778 Chemical denotes sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16189
T5 3780-3782 Chemical denotes HS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74056|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28815
T7 3898-3900 Chemical denotes HS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74056|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28815
T9 4328-4330 Chemical denotes HS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74056|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28815
T11 5303-5307 Chemical denotes PEEP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53359|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60683
T13 5385-5387 Chemical denotes Hg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16170|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25195
T15 5443-5445 Chemical denotes Hg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16170|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25195
T17 5630-5644 Chemical denotes Norepinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18357
T18 5968-5977 Chemical denotes bilirubin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16990
T19 6015-6025 Chemical denotes dobutamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4670
T20 6029-6043 Chemical denotes norepinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18357|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33569
T22 6097-6107 Chemical denotes creatinine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16737
T23 6248-6250 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T25 6918-6925 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T26 7023-7030 Chemical denotes lactate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24996
T27 7092-7099 Chemical denotes peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T28 7122-7126 Chemical denotes PEEP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53359|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60683
T30 7631-7635 Chemical denotes male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30780
T31 7713-7717 Chemical denotes male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30780
T32 9363-9378 Chemical denotes heparan sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28815
T33 9363-9370 Chemical denotes heparan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24500
T34 9371-9378 Chemical denotes sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16189
T35 9380-9382 Chemical denotes HS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74056|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28815
T37 9448-9450 Chemical denotes HS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74056|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28815
T39 9459-9463 Chemical denotes DAPI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51231
T40 9464-9470 Chemical denotes nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33252
T41 9681-9683 Chemical denotes HS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74056|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28815
T43 9803-9805 Chemical denotes HS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74056|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28815
T45 10250-10259 Chemical denotes molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367
T46 10798-10803 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T47 10858-10862 Chemical denotes male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30780
T48 11295-11303 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T49 11600-11602 Chemical denotes HS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74056|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28815
T51 11653-11660 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T52 11701-11711 Chemical denotes antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48706
T53 12533-12535 Chemical denotes DA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73826

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 791-802 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042592 denotes homeostasis
T2 953-966 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translational
T3 2889-2900 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 denotes degradation
T4 3385-3396 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 denotes degradation
T5 4053-4066 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T6 5920-5931 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050817 denotes Coagulation
T7 11603-11614 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 denotes degradation
T8 11777-11788 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 denotes degradation

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-77 Sentence denotes Injury to the Endothelial Glycocalyx in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19
T2 79-93 Sentence denotes To the Editor:
T3 94-377 Sentence denotes Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the so-called coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic patients to critically ill individuals with a high case fatality rate (1).
T4 378-521 Sentence denotes The critical care community has increasingly recognized that cardiovascular and thrombotic complications are relatively common in COVID-19 (2).
T5 522-658 Sentence denotes Indeed, direct involvement of the vascular endothelium was recently reported in a series of patients suffering from severe COVID-19 (3).
T6 659-927 Sentence denotes The endothelial glycocalyx (eGC), which covers the luminal surface of endothelial cells, contributes to the maintenance of vascular homeostasis, whereas disruption of the eGC is observed early in critically ill patients and is associated with inferior outcomes (4, 5).
T7 928-1107 Sentence denotes Here, we investigated in translational human and cellular studies whether injury to the eGC can be found in critically ill patients with COVID-19 early after admission to the ICU.
T8 1108-1353 Sentence denotes We collected plasma and serum from 19 adult individuals within 24 hours after invasive ventilation for acute respiratory distress syndrome and from 10 healthy human donors after written informed consent of patients or their legal representative.
T9 1354-1454 Sentence denotes The first patient was admitted on March 19, 2020, and the observation period was until May 17, 2020.
T10 1455-1529 Sentence denotes The median (interquartile range) observation duration was 47 (40–54) days.
T11 1530-1664 Sentence denotes Baseline patient characteristics at study inclusion as well as a description of the further clinical course are summarized in Table 1.
T12 1665-1807 Sentence denotes Organ failure was not restricted to the lungs, and multiorgan dysfunction was common both at inclusion and during the further clinical course.
T13 1808-1901 Sentence denotes Surprisingly, global markers of endothelial injury such as Angpt-1 (angiopoietin-1) (control:
T14 1902-1936 Sentence denotes 29 [26.2–30.9] ng/ml vs. COVID-19:
T15 1937-1992 Sentence denotes 27.8 [23.4–36.2] ng/ml; P = 0.79) and Angpt-2 (control:
T16 1993-2032 Sentence denotes 0.655 [0.336–1.113] ng/ml vs. COVID-19:
T17 2033-2110 Sentence denotes 0.434 [0.035–1.338] ng/ml; P = 0.6) were unchanged in patients with COVID-19.
T18 2111-2353 Sentence denotes In contrast, marked increases in the soluble form of the sTie2 (Tie2 receptor) (Figure 1A) and in syndecan-1 (Figure 1B)—indicating pathological shedding of transmembrane proteins involved in glycocalyx structure and processing—were observed.
T19 2354-2478 Sentence denotes The key eGC sheddase Hpa-1 (heparanase-1) and its enzymatic activity were both not significantly increased (data not shown).
T20 2479-2622 Sentence denotes To the contrary, the Hpa-1 counterpart, the protective Hpa-2 (heparanase-2), was pertinently reduced in all patients with COVID-19 (Figure 1C).
T21 2623-2752 Sentence denotes Driven by this acquired Hpa-2 deficiency, the Hpa-1:Hpa-2 ratio was higher in patients with COVID-19 (P = 0.012; data not shown).
T22 2753-2975 Sentence denotes Together, this indicates that critically ill patients with COVID-19 suffer from an acquired Hpa-2 deficiency that can contribute to the degradation of the eGC, maybe even before classical endothelial activation and injury.
T23 2976-3076 Sentence denotes Next, eGC structure was analyzed in humans, employing sublingual sidestream darkfield (SDF) imaging.
T24 3077-3305 Sentence denotes We quantified the size of the individual patients’ eGC using an indirect surrogate termed the perfused boundary region and found a decrease of perfused boundary region, indicating reduced eGC thickness in patients with COVID-19.
T25 3306-3556 Sentence denotes To demonstrate that the deficiency of Hpa-2 is mechanistically involved in the degradation of the eGC, we used a microfluidic chamber with cultured endothelial cells (ECs) under flow that synthesize an intact and stable eGC under in vitro conditions.
T26 3557-3711 Sentence denotes After stimulation with COVID-19 or control serum, the eGC was visualized by confocal microscopy followed by computerized three-dimensional reconstruction.
T27 3712-3798 Sentence denotes Its thickness was then quantified by analyzing the heparan sulfate (HS)-positive area.
T28 3799-3893 Sentence denotes We found that stimulation with COVID-19 was sufficient to severely damage the eGC (Figure 1E).
T29 3894-3943 Sentence denotes The HS-positive area was reduced by 34% (control:
T30 3944-3968 Sentence denotes 6.1 ± 0.9% vs. COVID-19:
T31 3969-3989 Sentence denotes 4 ± 0.4% P < 0.001).
T32 3990-4199 Sentence denotes Consistent with our observation in patients, we found that the transcription of Hpa-2 in COVID-19–stimulated ECs was significantly reduced after 6 hours (0.63 ± 0.02 relative expression to control; P = 0.003).
T33 4200-4464 Sentence denotes Of note, transgenic overexpression of Hpa-2 in a lentivirus-transduced EC line was sufficient to reverse this phenotype, as the HS area in COVID-19 serum–treated lenti-control cells was 1.9 ± 0.6% but was 4.2 ± 1.2% in lenti-Hpa-2–overexpressing cells (P < 0.001).
T34 4465-4574 Sentence denotes In other words, if ECs overexpress Hpa-2, the serum of patients with COVID-19 cannot degrade the eGC anymore.
T35 4575-4583 Sentence denotes Table 1.
T36 4585-4655 Sentence denotes Patient Characteristics at Study Inclusion and Further Clinical Course
T37 4656-4679 Sentence denotes Characteristic Results
T38 4680-4702 Sentence denotes Number of patients 19
T39 4703-4752 Sentence denotes Age, yr, median (interquartile range) 57 (45–69)
T40 4753-4766 Sentence denotes Sex, n (%)  
T41 4767-4778 Sentence denotes  M 18 (95)
T42 4779-4788 Sentence denotes  F 1 (5)
T43 4789-4847 Sentence denotes BMI, kg/m2, median (interquartile range) 27.8 (26.2–33.5)
T44 4848-4871 Sentence denotes Comorbidities, n (%)  
T45 4872-4886 Sentence denotes  Asthma 1 (5)
T46 4887-4900 Sentence denotes  HTN 10 (53)
T47 4901-4913 Sentence denotes  CHF 2 (11)
T48 4914-4925 Sentence denotes  CAD 1 (5)
T49 4926-4943 Sentence denotes  Diabetes 5 (26)
T50 4944-4955 Sentence denotes  CKD 1 (5)
T51 4956-4972 Sentence denotes  Obesity 7 (37)
T52 4973-4992 Sentence denotes  Malignancy 2 (11)
T53 4993-5019 Sentence denotes  Immunosuppression 2 (11)
T54 5020-5057 Sentence denotes Invasive ventilation, n (%) 19 (100)
T55 5058-5135 Sentence denotes Time from hospital to ICU admission, d, median (interquartile range) 0 (0–2)
T56 5136-5225 Sentence denotes Time from ICU admission to invasive ventilation, d, median (interquartile range) 0 (0–0)
T57 5226-5280 Sentence denotes Respirator parameters, median (interquartile range)  
T58 5281-5301 Sentence denotes  FiO2, % 50 (30–60)
T59 5302-5325 Sentence denotes  PEEP, mbar 12 (12–15)
T60 5326-5350 Sentence denotes  Pplat, mbar 27 (23–30)
T61 5351-5432 Sentence denotes Oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2), mm Hg, median (interquartile range) 173 (152–260)
T62 5433-5487 Sentence denotes PaCO2, mm Hg, median (interquartile range) 46 (40–51)
T63 5488-5538 Sentence denotes pH, median (interquartile range) 7.36 (7.32–7.41)
T64 5539-5599 Sentence denotes Lactate, mmol/L, median (interquartile range) 1.6 (1.5–2.9)
T65 5600-5629 Sentence denotes Vasopressor, n (%) 16 (84.2)
T66 5630-5711 Sentence denotes Norepinephrine dose, μg/kg/min, median (interquartile range) 0.083 (0.019–0.182)
T67 5712-5752 Sentence denotes Renal replacement therapy, n (%) 3 (16)
T68 5753-5783 Sentence denotes vv-ECMO support, n (%) 2 (11)
T69 5784-5843 Sentence denotes SOFA score, points, median (interquartile range) 11 (9–14)
T70 5844-5877 Sentence denotes Organ-specific failures, n (%)  
T71 5878-5918 Sentence denotes  Respiratory (PaO2/FiO2 < 300) 19 (100)
T72 5919-5959 Sentence denotes  Coagulation (thrombocytes < 100) 1 (5)
T73 5960-5997 Sentence denotes  Liver (bilirubin > 33 μmol/L) 1 (5)
T74 5998-6053 Sentence denotes  Cardiovascular (dobutamine or norepinephrine) 16 (84)
T75 6054-6088 Sentence denotes  Neurological (GCS < 13) 19 (100)
T76 6089-6129 Sentence denotes  Renal (creatinine > 170 μmol/L) 4 (21)
T77 6130-6166 Sentence denotes Lab, median (interquartile range)  
T78 6167-6205 Sentence denotes  CRP (normal: <5), mg/L 174 (121–203)
T79 6206-6246 Sentence denotes  PCT normal: <0.5), μg/L 3.8 (0.5–10.9)
T80 6247-6286 Sentence denotes  IL-6 (normal: <7), ng/L 272 (142–541)
T81 6287-6326 Sentence denotes  LDH (normal: <248), U/L 548 (384–657)
T82 6327-6374 Sentence denotes  D-Dimer (normal: <0.5), mg/L 3.56 (0.84–8.88)
T83 6375-6418 Sentence denotes  Troponin T (normal: <14), ng/L 17 (11–23)
T84 6419-6464 Sentence denotes  NT-proBNP (normal: <86), ng/L 260 (82–1108)
T85 6465-6498 Sentence denotes Further clinical course, n (%)  
T86 6499-6524 Sentence denotes  Prone position 19 (100)
T87 6525-6544 Sentence denotes  Inhaled NO 4 (21)
T88 6545-6561 Sentence denotes  vv-ECMO 7 (37)
T89 6562-6596 Sentence denotes  Renal replacement therapy 8 (42)
T90 6597-6619 Sentence denotes  Septic shock 10 (53)
T91 6620-6662 Sentence denotes  Died by end of observation period 3 (16)
T92 6663-6704 Sentence denotes  Still dependent on critical care 6 (32)
T93 6705-6755 Sentence denotes  Still dependent on mechanical ventilation 2 (11)
T94 6756-7259 Sentence denotes Definition of abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; CAD = coronary artery disease; CHF = congestive heart failure; CKD = chronic kidney disease; CRP = C-reactive protein; ECMO = extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale; HTN = hypertension; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; NT-proBNP = N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide; PCT = procalcitonin; PEEP = positive end-expiratory pressure; Pplat = plateau pressure; SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; vv-ECMO = venovenous ECMO.
T95 7260-7429 Sentence denotes Demographic and clinical characteristics are given at the time of study inclusion as well as a description of the further clinical outcome within the observation period.
T96 7430-7530 Sentence denotes Values are presented as median (interquartile range) or, if categorical, as numbers and percentages.
T97 7531-7784 Sentence denotes Demographic characteristics for the control patients were as follows: age 32 (28–33) years and 9/10 male sex for laboratory investigation control patients; 39 (36–44) years and 5/10 male sex for sidestream darkfield imaging measurement control patients.
T98 7785-7862 Sentence denotes All individuals of the control cohorts had no relevant medical preconditions.
T99 7863-7872 Sentence denotes Figure 1.
T100 7874-7952 Sentence denotes Injury to the endothelial glycocalyx in severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
T101 7953-8091 Sentence denotes Scatter dot plots (median [interquartile range]) show (A) sTie-2 and (B) syndecan-1 concentrations for control and patients with COVID-19.
T102 8092-8136 Sentence denotes Concentrations for both syndecan-1 (control:
T103 8137-8174 Sentence denotes 41.5 [32.6–105.4] ng/ml vs. COVID-19:
T104 8175-8222 Sentence denotes 336.5 [196.7–377.1] ng/ml) and sTie-2 (control:
T105 8223-8256 Sentence denotes 18.4 [16–21.3] ng/ml vs COVID-19:
T106 8257-8543 Sentence denotes 22.3 [19.7–27.3] ng/ml) were increased in patients with COVID-19. (C) Although both Hpa-1 (heparanase-1) concentration and activity were not significantly altered in comparison with control subjects, patients with COVID-19 showed an acquired deficiency in Hpa-2 (heparanase-2) (control:
T107 8544-8579 Sentence denotes 18.7 [10.6–31.1] U/ml vs. COVID-19:
T108 8580-8600 Sentence denotes 4.7 [2.6–5.1] U/ml).
T109 8601-8686 Sentence denotes Consequentially, the Hpa-1:Hpa-2 ratio was higher in patients with COVID-19 (control:
T110 8687-8722 Sentence denotes 0.08 [0.05–0.17] ng/U vs. COVID-19:
T111 8723-8960 Sentence denotes 0.35 [0.27–0.66] ng/U). (D) Sidestream darkfield imaging in patients allows the quantification of endothelial glycocalyx thickness as indicated by increased perfused boundary region; this was increased in patients with COVID-19 (control:
T112 8961-8991 Sentence denotes 1.9 [1.8–1.9] μm vs. COVID-19:
T113 8992-9063 Sentence denotes 2.1 [1.8–2.2] μm), indicating reduced endothelial glycocalyx thickness.
T114 9064-9743 Sentence denotes For comparison of groups, first, the normal distribution (D’Agostino-Pearson omnibus and Shapiro-Wilk normality test) of variables was tested, and then (A and D) two-sided unpaired t tests and (B and C) Mann-Whitney tests were used accordingly. (E) Exemplary three-dimensional reconstruction of the heparan sulfate (HS) layer images of naive endothelial cells in a microfluidic chip (HS in red; DAPI nuclei staining in blue) after perfusion with serum of a patient with COVID-19 (middle row) compared with a healthy control subject (upper row) in both front and isometric view angles demonstrates the diffuse loss of HS-rich glycocalyx layer in cells treated with COVID-19 serum.
T115 9744-9971 Sentence denotes In Hpa-2–overexpressing endothelial cells (lower row), the HS surface layer is protected from injurious effects by perfusion with COVID-19 serum. overexp = overexpressing; PBR = perfused boundary region; sTie-2 = soluble Tie-2.
T116 9972-10093 Sentence denotes This exploratory study has obvious limitations, most importantly, its small sample size and hypothesis-generating nature.
T117 10094-10215 Sentence denotes Injury to the eGC is not a finding specific for COVID-19 but can be found in a wide range of critically ill patients (5).
T118 10216-10463 Sentence denotes Because only a small selection of molecules that may participate in endothelial injury have been investigated in this study, we cannot exclude that further mediators may play a critical role in endothelial and eGC injury in patients with COVID-19.
T119 10464-10699 Sentence denotes In addition, because of concerns of viral transmission, SDF imaging values could not be obtained from the same control patients from whom blood analysis was performed but were obtained from a separate historic in-center control cohort.
T120 10700-10876 Sentence denotes Both control cohorts were not matched to the individual patients in terms of age, but the control group that blood was collected from was matched in terms of male predominance.
T121 10877-11046 Sentence denotes In summary, we found injury of the eGC and speculate that this might represent a potentially critical hallmark of later widespread endothelial injury in severe COVID-19.
T122 11047-11140 Sentence denotes Reduced eGC thickness was visualized in vivo by employing sublingual SDF imaging in patients.
T123 11141-11392 Sentence denotes At the same time, increased syndecan-1 and sTie-2 concentrations in the blood of these patients indicated shedding of important endothelial transmembrane proteins responsible for building (5) and maintaining (6) the structure of the eGC, respectively.
T124 11393-11530 Sentence denotes Interestingly, eGC shedding could be reproduced when patient blood was transferred ex vivo into an endothelial microcapillary chip model.
T125 11531-11763 Sentence denotes Although Hpa-1 and its enzymatic activity (primarily responsible for HS degradation) (7) was found to be normal, Hpa-2, a protein that has been described as a protective antagonist of Hpa-1 (8, 9), was severely depleted in COVID-19.
T126 11764-11884 Sentence denotes Importantly, degradation of the eGC after perfusion with COVID-19 serum could be attenuated in ECs overexpressing Hpa-2.
T127 11885-12076 Sentence denotes We therefore postulate that acquired Hpa-2 deficiency might represent a potential mechanism of injury to the eGC, which could later progress to widespread endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19.
T128 12077-12274 Sentence denotes In conclusion, our data suggest that in critically ill patients with COVID-19, endothelial injury involves glycocalyx integrity, and acquired Hpa-2 deficiency might be a potential causative factor.
T129 12276-12290 Sentence denotes Acknowledgment
T130 12291-12479 Sentence denotes The authors thank Yvonne Nicolai for excellent technical support and Dr. Markus Busch and Dr. Olaf Wiesner and the nursing staff for their infrastructural support in conducting this study.
T131 12480-12586 Sentence denotes S.D. is supported by the German Research Foundation (DA 1209/4-3) and the German Center for Lung Research.
T132 12587-12687 Sentence denotes Authors Contributions: K.S., P.A.G., B.S., T.W., H.H., M.M.H., and S.D. obtained retrospective data.
T133 12688-12769 Sentence denotes K.S., P.A.G., A.B., and S.D. performed sidestream darkfield imaging measurements.
T134 12770-12866 Sentence denotes P.A.G. and T.P. performed ELISA measurements, and Y.K. performed and analyzed flow measurements.
T135 12867-12975 Sentence denotes K.S., P.A.G., H.H., T.W., M.M.H., and S.D. analyzed and discussed the data and generated figures and tables.
T136 12976-13058 Sentence denotes K.S., P.A.G., and S.D. wrote the manuscript; all authors proofread the manuscript.
T137 13059-13096 Sentence denotes Originally Published in Press as DOI:
T138 13097-13142 Sentence denotes 10.1164/rccm.202007-2676LE on August 24, 2020
T139 13143-13228 Sentence denotes Author disclosures are available with the text of this letter at www.atsjournals.org.

LitCovid-PD-GlycoEpitope

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue glyco_epitope_db_id
T1 3763-3778 GlycoEpitope denotes heparan sulfate http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0086
T2 3780-3782 GlycoEpitope denotes HS http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0086
T3 3898-3900 GlycoEpitope denotes HS http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0086
T4 4328-4330 GlycoEpitope denotes HS http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0086
T5 9363-9378 GlycoEpitope denotes heparan sulfate http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0086
T6 9380-9382 GlycoEpitope denotes HS http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0086
T7 9448-9450 GlycoEpitope denotes HS http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0086
T8 9681-9683 GlycoEpitope denotes HS http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0086
T9 9803-9805 GlycoEpitope denotes HS http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0086
T10 11600-11602 GlycoEpitope denotes HS http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0086

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 1217-1237 Phenotype denotes respiratory distress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098
T2 4873-4879 Phenotype denotes Asthma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002099
T3 4902-4905 Phenotype denotes CHF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001635
T4 4957-4964 Phenotype denotes Obesity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001513
T5 6605-6610 Phenotype denotes shock http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031273
T6 6839-6842 Phenotype denotes CHF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001635
T7 6845-6869 Phenotype denotes congestive heart failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001635
T8 6877-6899 Phenotype denotes chronic kidney disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012622
T9 6985-6989 Phenotype denotes Coma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001259
T10 7003-7015 Phenotype denotes hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000822
T11 12040-12063 Phenotype denotes endothelial dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032654

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
3 55-63 Species denotes Patients Tax:9606
4 40-54 Disease denotes Critically Ill MESH:D016638
5 69-77 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
19 94-141 Species denotes Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Tax:2697049
20 143-153 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
21 303-311 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
22 614-622 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
23 870-878 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
24 710-717 Chemical denotes luminal MESH:D010634
25 176-195 Disease denotes coronavirus disease MESH:D018352
26 197-205 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
27 315-329 Disease denotes critically ill MESH:D016638
28 458-482 Disease denotes thrombotic complications MESH:D013927
29 508-516 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
30 645-653 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
31 855-869 Disease denotes critically ill MESH:D016638
40 967-972 Species denotes human Tax:9606
41 1051-1059 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
42 1267-1272 Species denotes human Tax:9606
43 1314-1322 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
44 1364-1371 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
45 1036-1050 Disease denotes critically ill MESH:D016638
46 1065-1073 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
47 1211-1246 Disease denotes acute respiratory distress syndrome MESH:D012128
98 1867-1874 Gene denotes Angpt-1 Gene:284
99 1876-1890 Gene denotes angiopoietin-1 Gene:284
100 1975-1982 Gene denotes Angpt-2 Gene:285
101 2175-2179 Gene denotes Tie2 Gene:7010
102 2209-2219 Gene denotes syndecan-1 Gene:6382
103 2375-2380 Gene denotes Hpa-1 Gene:10855
104 2382-2394 Gene denotes heparanase-1 Gene:10855
105 2500-2505 Gene denotes Hpa-1 Gene:10855
106 2534-2539 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
107 2541-2553 Gene denotes heparanase-2 Gene:60495
108 2669-2674 Gene denotes Hpa-1 Gene:10855
109 2675-2680 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
110 3344-3349 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
111 4070-4075 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
112 4238-4243 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
113 4425-4430 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
114 4500-4505 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
115 1539-1546 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
116 2087-2095 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
117 2587-2595 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
118 2701-2709 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
119 2798-2806 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
120 3012-3018 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
121 3118-3126 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
122 3282-3290 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
123 4025-4033 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
124 4520-4528 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
125 2982-2985 Chemical denotes eGC
126 3404-3407 Chemical denotes eGC
127 3526-3529 Chemical denotes eGC
128 3763-3778 Chemical denotes heparan sulfate MESH:D006497
129 3780-3782 Chemical denotes HS MESH:D006497
130 1716-1738 Disease denotes multiorgan dysfunction MESH:D009102
131 1840-1858 Disease denotes endothelial injury MESH:D014947
132 1927-1935 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
133 2023-2031 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
134 2101-2109 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
135 2601-2609 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
136 2647-2663 Disease denotes Hpa-2 deficiency MESH:C000657245
137 2715-2723 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
138 2783-2797 Disease denotes critically ill MESH:D016638
139 2812-2820 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
140 2845-2861 Disease denotes Hpa-2 deficiency MESH:C000657245
141 3296-3304 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
142 3580-3588 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
143 3830-3838 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
144 3959-3967 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
145 4079-4087 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
146 4339-4347 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
147 4534-4542 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
157 6168-6171 Gene denotes CRP Gene:1401
158 6248-6252 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
159 4690-4698 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
160 6097-6107 Chemical denotes creatinine MESH:D003404
161 4902-4905 Disease denotes CHF
162 4927-4935 Disease denotes Diabetes MESH:D003920
163 6598-6610 Disease denotes Septic shock MESH:D012772
164 6621-6625 Disease denotes Died MESH:D003643
165 5433-5438 CellLine denotes PaCO2 CVCL:L340
167 4585-4592 Species denotes Patient Tax:9606
176 6907-6925 Gene denotes C-reactive protein Gene:1401
177 6901-6904 Gene denotes CRP Gene:1401
178 6814-6837 Disease denotes coronary artery disease MESH:D003324
179 6839-6842 Disease denotes CHF
180 6845-6869 Disease denotes congestive heart failure MESH:D006333
181 6877-6899 Disease denotes chronic kidney disease MESH:D051436
182 6985-6989 Disease denotes Coma MESH:D003128
183 7003-7015 Disease denotes hypertension MESH:D006973
187 7575-7583 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
188 7677-7685 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
189 7775-7783 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
225 8116-8126 Gene denotes syndecan-1 Gene:6382
226 8341-8346 Gene denotes Hpa-1 Gene:10855
227 8348-8360 Gene denotes heparanase-1 Gene:10855
228 8513-8518 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
229 8520-8532 Gene denotes heparanase-2 Gene:60495
230 8622-8627 Gene denotes Hpa-1 Gene:10855
231 8628-8633 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
232 9747-9752 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
233 9916-9919 Gene denotes PBR Gene:706
234 9965-9970 Gene denotes Tie-2 Gene:7010
235 8026-8036 Gene denotes syndecan-1 Gene:6382
236 8068-8076 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
237 8299-8307 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
238 8457-8465 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
239 8654-8662 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
240 8783-8791 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
241 8928-8936 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
242 9521-9528 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
243 9363-9378 Chemical denotes heparan sulfate MESH:D006497
244 9803-9805 Chemical denotes HS MESH:D006497
245 7921-7940 Disease denotes coronavirus disease MESH:D018352
246 7942-7950 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
247 8082-8090 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
248 8165-8173 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
249 8247-8255 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
250 8313-8321 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
251 8471-8479 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
252 8570-8578 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
253 8668-8676 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
254 8713-8721 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
255 8942-8950 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
256 8982-8990 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
257 9534-9542 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
258 9728-9736 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
259 9874-9882 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
269 10202-10210 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
270 10440-10448 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
271 10583-10591 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
272 10756-10764 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
273 10142-10150 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
274 10187-10201 Disease denotes critically ill MESH:D016638
275 10284-10302 Disease denotes endothelial injury MESH:D014947
276 10426-10436 Disease denotes eGC injury MESH:D014947
277 10454-10462 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
296 11169-11179 Gene denotes syndecan-1 Gene:6382
297 11540-11545 Gene denotes Hpa-1 Gene:10855
298 11644-11649 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
299 11715-11720 Gene denotes Hpa-1 Gene:10855
300 11878-11883 Gene denotes Hpa-2 Gene:60495
301 11131-11139 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
302 11228-11236 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
303 11446-11453 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
304 11055-11058 Chemical denotes eGC
305 11116-11119 Chemical denotes SDF
306 11796-11799 Chemical denotes eGC
307 11994-11997 Chemical denotes eGC
308 11008-11026 Disease denotes endothelial injury MESH:D014947
309 11037-11045 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
310 11754-11762 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
311 11821-11829 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
312 11922-11938 Disease denotes Hpa-2 deficiency MESH:C000657245
313 12067-12075 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
319 12132-12140 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
320 12117-12131 Disease denotes critically ill MESH:D016638
321 12146-12154 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
322 12156-12174 Disease denotes endothelial injury MESH:D014947
323 12219-12235 Disease denotes Hpa-2 deficiency MESH:C000657245