| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T236 |
0-22 |
Sentence |
denotes |
9 Vaccine development |
| T237 |
23-161 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Despite tremendous global efforts to contain the outbreak and rapid advances in therapeutics, few targeted approaches have been available. |
| T238 |
162-364 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Given the rapid transmission and the rapid decay of antibody titers [113], vaccines that can induce strong anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses are urgently needed to achieve global containment of COVID-19. |
| T239 |
365-468 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Vaccine development has benefited from the early release of the complete genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2. |
| T240 |
469-638 |
Sentence |
denotes |
As of 3 September 2020, according to the WHO, 33 vaccine candidates are at different stages of clinical development, six of which are at phase III clinical trials [114]. |
| T241 |
639-748 |
Sentence |
denotes |
On 22 July 2020, China approved the use of two inactivated COVID-19 vaccines developed by Sinovac Biotech Co. |
| T242 |
749-760 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Ltd. [115]. |
| T243 |
761-882 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Another adenovirus vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was approved by the administrative office of Russia on 10 August 2020. |
| T244 |
883-982 |
Sentence |
denotes |
U.S. authorities have recently announced the pending approval of a vaccine by the end of this year. |
| T245 |
983-1187 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, regulators are expected to act quickly to support accelerated vaccine development through the introduction of increased regulatory flexibility. |
| T246 |
1188-1438 |
Sentence |
denotes |
To guide the accelerated vaccine development and approval for COVID-19, the Chinese regulatory agencies and the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) have issued seven guidelines since March 2020 to provide a roadmap and requirements [116]. |
| T247 |
1439-1588 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, the Chinese NMPA has formulated a special scheme to synchronize the protocol reviewing process with the research and development processes. |
| T248 |
1589-1775 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Consequently, completion of the vaccine development and the review may take place simultaneously so that the vaccine development can proceed to clinical application without major delays. |
| T249 |
1776-1939 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For example, the NMPA completed the review process of the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine application within just 24 h, although such a review would normally take 60 d. |
| T250 |
1940-2174 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thus far, there have been ten Chinese COVID-19 vaccine candidates in the pipeline of clinical trials [114], [117], [118], [119], [120], [121], [122], [123], in four of which international phase III clinical trials have been initiated. |
| T251 |
2175-2274 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Furthermore, more than 21 preclinical projects may have the potential to move into clinical trials. |
| T252 |
2275-2522 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Nearly all of the current human vaccines are based on two major platforms: the virus-based (inactivated/attenuated) vaccine platform and the recombinant protein-based (subunit/virus-like particle (VLP)) vaccine platform [120], [124], [125], [126]. |
| T253 |
2523-2649 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Four “inactivated virus vaccines” are in post-phase II clinical trials, and two of these have been approved for emergency use. |
| T254 |
2650-2850 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This major achievement from the “inactivated virus vaccine platform” in China was made possible by the early development of the inactivated enterovirus 71 and inactivated poliovirus vaccines in China. |
| T255 |
2851-3132 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A replication-defective human adenovirus type-5-based COVD-19 vaccine encoding the full S protein of SARS-CoV-2 as a subunit-based vaccine was found to successfully elicit cellular immune responses via single-dose inoculation through the intramuscular or intranasal administration. |
| T256 |
3133-3242 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This vaccine could effectively prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in the higher and lower respiratory tracts [127]. |
| T257 |
3243-3404 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, mucosal vaccination might be more effective in preventing viral replication in the upper respiratory tract, as compared with intramuscular vaccination. |
